Introduction to Anthropology Quiz

A research method that involves studying a single situation in depth over a period of time. This often includes in-depth interviews to understand the situation.

A research method used to determine how different factors influence each other by manipulating one factor while observing its impact on another.

A research method used to gather data on a large group of people's thoughts and behavior by asking them questions. The sample group represents the larger population of interest.

A research method that involves observing a specific group or situation. It can be unstructured, structured, or participant-based, depending on the level of planning and involvement of the researcher.

The study of the differences and similarities between humans. This includes physical, biological, and behavioral aspects.

Margaret Mead was a prominent anthropologist who studied different cultures to understand how socialization shapes personalities. Her work focused on how gender identities and roles are not predetermined but learned within cultures.

The process of learning and adapting to the norms, behaviors, and values of a particular culture. It shapes individuals' personalities, social roles, and worldviews.

The socially constructed expectations, roles, and behaviors associated with being male or female within a particular culture. Mead's work challenged the idea of pre-determined gender roles.

The study of how culture changes over time and how these changes affect society and humanity as a species.

The detailed description of a culture, often gathered through field research and case studies.

The ability to communicate evolved to help humans avoid danger and hunt more effectively.

Our brains have evolved to perceive and react to environmental threats, promoting survival.

The study of humans as biological organisms, focusing on their physical characteristics and evolution.

Brains of males and females developed differently, possibly due to past gender roles.

A specific type of study where researchers immerse themselves in a culture to understand its customs and beliefs.

Jane Goodall's research on chimpanzees, which provided insights into their social behavior and tool use.

The study of how people behave and interact with one another in social situations.

A social experiment studying conformity to roles and the influence of power. Participants were assigned roles as guards or prisoners, leading to dehumanization.

The idea that economic factors determine the structure and dynamics of society.

The wealthy elite class that owns the means of production.

The working class, the majority of people who sell their labor for wages.

The scientific study of the mind and behavior of humans and other animals.

How an individual experiences and interprets sensory information from the world.

The part of our self that is shaped by interactions with others and reflects how others see us.

The subjective part of our self, representing our own unique thoughts, feelings, and self-perception.

Shared values, beliefs, and norms that bind individuals together in a society, creating a sense of unity.

Solidarity based on interdependence, specialization, and a focus on individual contributions in a complex society.

Solidarity based on close personal relationships, shared values, and a strong sense of community in traditional societies.

Social structures or actions that help maintain society and ensure that the needs of its members are met.

A small group of individuals who bond together based on shared interests, values, and social activities.

A group of individuals who may form for protection or belonging, often characterized by a sense of loyalty and shared identity, and may engage in anti-social behavior.

The idea that individuals conform to authority figures due to their perceived power, even if it contradicts their conscience. This was demonstrated by the Milgram experiment, where participants were willing to administer electric shocks despite the recipients' pleas.

A state of social disarray where societal norms break down, leading to confusion and chaos. Individuals feel disconnected from the collective consciousness, often during periods of rapid change or crisis.

A theory that emphasizes power dynamics in society, where the dominant group maintains control through repression or restriction. Karl Marx argued that conflict between the working class and the elite would eventually lead to revolution.

A sociologist who emphasized the role of social facts, such as values, norms, and social structures, in shaping individual behavior. Durkheim's studies on suicide suggested that strong social ties contribute to lower suicide rates.

A concept coined by Max Weber, who emphasized the importance of understanding social action. By analyzing social interactions, we gain insight into individual motivations and behavior. Weber highlighted the potential for individuals to exercise power despite bureaucratic structures.

George Herbert Mead's theory that emphasizes the role of language and communication in shaping our understanding of the world. We interact with our social environment through symbols and shared meanings.

An experiment where a baby was conditioned to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise. This demonstrated that even young children can learn by association.

A theory that emphasizes the role of social learning in shaping behavior, where individuals learn by observing and imitating others.

Dreams are our brain's way of processing events, solving problems, and storing memories. They can reflect our unconscious thoughts and desires.

A manual used by mental health professionals to diagnose and classify mental disorders based on their symptoms.

Stress arises from environmental challenges that test our ability to cope. It can lead to both physical and mental health issues.

A type of therapy that helps individuals cope with problems and develop skills to manage life's challenges. It involves active listening and providing guidance.

Defense mechanisms are unconscious strategies used to protect ourselves from anxiety and emotional pain. These can be healthy or unhealthy depending on their frequency and severity.

A defense mechanism where individuals become stuck on an issue or stage of development, unable to move forward emotionally.