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Questions and Answers
What is Analytical Chemistry?
The science and technology used to determine the chemical composition of samples.
What are the two main types of analysis in Analytical Chemistry?
Which of the following is NOT an application of Analytical Chemistry?
What is a sample in the context of Analytical Chemistry?
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What is a gross sample?
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Would you expect the lead concentration to be the same everywhere in a lake?
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What does the total metal concentration in water include?
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What is the process for determining dissolved metal concentration?
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How do you measure total metal concentration?
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Homogeneous samples have different compositions at the microscopic level.
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Why is it easier to obtain a representative sample from homogeneous populations?
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What is an analytical method?
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Study Notes
What is Analytical Chemistry?
- Analytical Chemistry is the science and technology used to determine the chemical composition of samples.
- Qualitative analysis determines what is in the sample.
- Quantitative analysis determines how much of something is in the sample.
Applications of Analytical Chemistry
- Clinical analytical chemistry is used to test blood and other bodily fluids.
- Forensic analytical chemistry is used by agencies like the CSI.
- Environmental analytical chemistry studies samples like rocks, soil, sediment, water, air, and biota.
- Food analytical chemistry determines what is in food and how much of it is there.
- Quality control analytical chemistry checks on manufacturing processes.
- Scientific research analytical chemistry supports fields like geology, anthropology, and the exploration of planets.
Understanding Samples
- A population refers to the entirety of the substance being analyzed.
- A sample is a representative subset of the population.
- A sampling unit or sampling increment refers to individual samples taken from the population.
- A gross sample is the collection of individual samples.
- A representative sample accurately reflects the composition of the population at the time of collection.
Specifying Questions
- Analytical results need to be specific.
- Questions about a sample should consider factors like location, depth, time of collection, and whether dissolved or total components are being measured.
Dissolved vs. Total Metals
- Environmental water samples may contain undissolved particles like silt, sand, or algae.
- Metals in water can be dissolved or attached to solid particles suspended in the water.
- Total metal includes both dissolved and undissolved metal.
- Dissolved metal is measured in the filtrate after filtering out solid particles.
- Total metal is measured in the digestate after digesting the sample to dissolve undissolved metal.
Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Samples
- Homogeneous samples have the same composition throughout.
- Heterogeneous samples have distinct parts visually or microscopically.
Importance of Homogeneity
- Obtaining a representative sample is easier for homogeneous populations.
- It is harder to obtain representative samples from heterogeneous populations.
Analytical Methods
- An analytical method is a detailed document that outlines the procedure for analyzing samples.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of analytical chemistry, including qualitative and quantitative analysis. Explore its various applications in fields such as clinical testing, forensics, environmental studies, and food safety. Test your knowledge about the importance of analyzing samples and their implications.
