Intro to ICT and Web 1.0

• Information and Communication Technology (ICT) deals with communication technologies like mobile phones and the internet, to locate, save, send, and edit information.
• A unified way to communicate is a goal of ICT that helps reduce expenses.

World Wide Web

• The World Wide Web (WWW), also known as W3 or the Web, is an interconnected system of public webpages accessible via the Internet.
• Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989.
• Web pages, which make up the World Wide Web, can be either static or dynamic.

Web 1.0

• Web 1.0 features static and non-interactive web pages.
• Users cannot post comments or create accounts on Web 1.0.
• Static websites have a lower one-off cost.
• Static websites feature faster loading times than dynamic sites.
• Static websites require cheaper hosting compared to dynamic sites due to lower bandwidth and server resource usage.
• Static websites are developer independent, contrasting with dynamic sites that require developers with specific skill sets due to their specific frameworks.
• Static websites may have higher maintenance costs if content changes frequently.
• Static websites lack user registrations or advanced functionality typically found in dynamic sites.
• Changes to static websites require a developer, which poses issues during public holidays or on short notice, unlike dynamic sites where changes can be made anytime.
• Examples of static websites:
  • www.9boninnes.co.za
  • www.quayside906.co.za
  • www.fibercom.co.za
  • www.blouberg-holiday.co.za
  • www.strongroom.co.za

Web 2.0

• Web 2.0 describes the present generation of the World Wide Web, focusing on enabling people to collaborate and share information online.
• It is the second stage in the World Wide Web's evolution.
• Web 2.0 features dynamic websites, where the content changes.
• Web 2.0 is interactive, allowing users to comment or create user accounts, which increases user participation.

Features of Web 2.0

• Folksonomy is using freely chosen keywords for categorization and classification, like tagging.
• Social networking sites use tags with a hashtag (#), which is also referred to as hashtag.
• Rich User Experience provides dynamic and responsive content based on user input.
• Social networking sites modify website content based on a user's logged-in account.
• User Participation allows users to add content through comments, reviews, and evaluations.
• Some Websites allow users to comment on articles, participate in polls, or review products.
• Software as a Service allows users to subscribe to software only when needed, it is a cheaper option than purchasing software.
• Google Docs is a free, web-based application example.
• Mass Participation means diverse information sharing through universal web access, with content based on people from various cultures.

Web 3.0

• Web 3.0 is also referred to as the Semantic Web.
• Semantics refers to the ability of Web technologies to understand and interpret human-generated content.
• The goal of Web 3.0 is for machines to understand user preferences and deliver targeted web content.
• Web 3.0 is able to predict the best answers by "learning" from user choices.
• Apple's Siri is an example of Web 3.0.

Trends in ICT

• The ICT industry continues to grow and focus on innovations that cater to the needs of people for business or personal use.

Convergence

• Technological convergence combines different technologies to create a single new device.
• The use of smartphones to create word documents, which was previously only possible on desktop computers, is an example of convergence.

Social Media

• Social media are websites, applications, or online channels that enable users to create, co-create, modify, and exchange content.

Types of Social Media

• Social Networks: Sites for connecting with people with similar interests or backgrounds, examples: Facebook, Google+.
• Bookmarking Sites: Sites for storing and managing links to websites and resources, with tagging features, examples: StumbleUpon, Pinterest.
• Social News: Sites where users post their own news items or links to news sources, examples: Reddit, Dig.
• Media Sharing: Sites for uploading and sharing media content like images, music, and video, examples: Flickr, YouTube, Instagram.
• Microblogging: Sites focusing on short updates from users, with updates sent to subscribers, example: Twitter.
• Blogs and Forums: Sites that allow users to post their content, examples: Blogger, WordPress, Tumblr.
• Assistive Media is a nonprofit service that helps people who have visual and reading impairments, by using a database of audio recordings to read to the user.
• Mobile Technologies include the rise in popularity of smartphones and tablets, due to their ability to perform tasks previously exclusive to personal computers.
• iOS is used in apple devices
• Android is an open source operating system by Google
• Blackberry OS is used in Blackberry devices
• Windows Phone OS is a closed source and proprietary operating system developed by Microsoft
• Symbian is the original smartphone OS by Nokia
• WebOS was originally used for smartphones, but is now used for smartTVS
• Windows Mobile is developed by Microsoft for smartphones and pocket PCs.