Intro to Criminology Quiz

Criminology and Its Genesis

• Cesar Lombroso, an Italian law professor, coined the word "Criminologia" in 1885.
• Paul Topinard, a French anthropologist, coined the word "Criminilogie" in 1887.

Law and Its Development

• Hammurabi, the King of Babylon, is considered the first codifier of law.
• Law is a form of social control.

Criminal Law

• Criminal law is not retroactive.
• Acquisitive crimes result in the offender gaining something as a consequence of their criminal act.
• Extinctive crimes result in destruction of life or property.

Criminology as a Field of Study

• Criminology is a constantly evolving field influenced by internal and external factors that affect our opinions and behavior.
• Criminology is the scientific approach to studying criminal behavior.

Key Figures in Criminology

• Edwin Sutherland defined criminology as the scientific approach to studying criminal behavior.
• Cesare Lombroso is known as the "Father of Criminology".
• Larry Siegel is a prominent criminologist.

Philippine Criminal Justice System

• The Philippine Criminal Justice System (CJS) is composed of the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), the Philippine National Police (PNP), and the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP).
• The PCCr is also known as the Plaridel Educational Institution.
• The Republic Act (RA) 6506 is known as "An Act Creating the Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines and for Other Purposes".

Criminology Professionals

• The current Chairman of the Board of Examiners is Atty. Ramil G. Gabao.
• Dr. Pedro Solis is a prominent criminologist.
• Dr. Sixto O. De Leon is a prominent criminologist.

Types of Crimes

• Euthanasia is the act of painlessly putting to death a person suffering from an incurable and distressing disease.
• Matricide is the killing of a mother by her own child.
• Churning is a type of white-collar crime where a stockbroker makes repeated trades to fraudulently increase their commission.
• Arson is the act of intentionally setting fire to a property.
• Burglary is the act of breaking into and entering a home or structure for the purpose of committing a felony.

Social Control

• The first agency of social control in the CJS is the Philippine National Police (PNP).

Circumstances Affecting Criminal Liability

• Justifying circumstances are grounds for exemption from punishment because there is a missing condition in the agent of the crime that makes the act voluntary or negligent.
• Exempting circumstances are grounds for exemption from punishment due to the presence of certain conditions.
• Mitigating circumstances reduce the penalty.
• Aggravating circumstances increase the penalty.

Forensic Science

• Edmond Locard is the Father of Forensic Science.
• Marcelo Malpighi is known as the grandfather of dactyloscopy.
• Sir Edward Richard Henry is the Father of Modern Fingerprints.
• Ballistics is the study of the principles of ammunition and firearms.

Victimology

• Victim-offender relationship refers to the relationship between the victim and the offender.
• Victim facilitation refers to the action of a potential victim that makes it easier for the criminal to commit a crime.
• Victim resistance refers to the action of a potential victim that interferes with the completion of the criminal act or escape.
• Victim blame refers to the act of blaming the victim for the crime committed against them.

Juvenile Delinquency

• Delinquency refers to an anti-social act or behavior that deviates from the normal pattern of rules and regulations, customs, and culture.
• A juvenile delinquent is a person below 18 years of age who commits an act or omission that is not in conformity with the norms of society.