IV Therapy Quiz: Complications and Administration

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Questions and Answers

What is an expected nursing skill in many settings?

Assisting in physical therapy
Performing venipuncture (correct)
Administering oral medication
Conducting X-ray scans

What responsibility does the nurse have in IV catheter placement?

Ensuring patient comfort during IV catheter placement
Assisting the physician in IV catheter placement
Demonstrating competency in and knowledge of IV catheter placement (correct)
Monitoring patient's vital signs after IV catheter placement

What are signs and symptoms of fluid overload?

Fever, chills, and headache
Blurred vision, dizziness, and fatigue
Joint pain, rash, and nausea
Moist crackles on auscultation of the lungs, cough, restlessness (correct)

What is a possible cause of fluid overload?

Rapid infusion of an IV solution (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who is at an increased risk of fluid overload and subsequent pulmonary edema?

Older patients with cardiac disease (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse follow in IV catheter placement?

Rules and regulations, organizational policies and procedures, and practice guidelines (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of overloading the circulatory system with excessive IV fluids?

Increased blood pressure and central venous pressure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs of thrombophlebitis?

Localized pain, redness, warmth, and swelling around the insertion site (A) Signup and view all the answers

How should thrombophlebitis be treated?

Discontinuing the IV infusion, applying cold compress followed by warm compress, and elevating the extremity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs of a hematoma?

Ecchymosis, immediate swelling at the site, and leakage of blood at the insertion site (A) Signup and view all the answers

How should a hematoma be treated?

Removing the needle or cannula, applying light pressure with a sterile, dry dressing, and applying ice for 24 hours (A) Signup and view all the answers

What can cause blood clots in the IV line?

Kinked IV tubing, very slow infusion rate, and failure to flush the IV line after intermittent medication or solution administrations (D) Signup and view all the answers

How should blood clots in the IV line be managed?

Discontinuing the infusion and restarting in another site with a new cannula and administration set (B) Signup and view all the answers

How can thrombophlebitis be prevented?

Avoiding trauma to the vein at the time the IV line is inserted, observing the site every hour, and checking medication additives for compatibility (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can a hematoma be prevented?

Carefully inserting the needle and frequently monitoring patients who have a bleeding disorder, are taking anticoagulant medication, or have advanced liver disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

How can clotting of the needle or cannula be prevented?

Not allowing the IV solution bag to run dry, taping the tubing to prevent kinking, maintaining an adequate flow rate, and flushing the line after intermittent medication or other solution administration (C) Signup and view all the answers

How can infiltration be confirmed?

By applying a tourniquet above the infusion site and observing continued dripping despite venous obstruction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if extravasation occurs?

The infusion must be stopped, and the provider should be promptly notified (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of extravasation?

Blistering, inflammation, and necrosis of tissues (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can infiltration be detected early?

By inspecting the site for redness, pain, edema, coolness, and IV fluid leaking (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is thrombophlebitis?

The presence of a clot plus inflammation in the vein (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can the incidence and severity of extravasation be minimized?

Careful, frequent monitoring of the IV site and using the smallest catheter possible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should be applied if noncaustic solutions have infiltrated?

Warm compress (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the manifestations of air embolism?

Palpitations, dyspnea, coughing, jugular venous distention, wheezing, cyanosis, hypotension, altered mental status, and pain (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of phlebitis?

Reddened, warm area, pain, tenderness, and swelling (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can infiltration be characterized?

Edema around the insertion site, leakage of IV fluid, discomfort, and coolness (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of bloodstream infections related to IV therapy?

Infection from pyogenic substances in infusion solution or IV administration set (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended treatment for air embolism?

Clamping the cannula, placing the patient on the left side in the Trendelenburg position, assessing vital signs and breath sounds, and administering oxygen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms of infection related to IV therapy?

Abrupt temperature elevation, increased pulse and respiratory rate, nausea, vomiting, chills, shaking, and general malaise (B) Signup and view all the answers

How can phlebitis be prevented?

Using aseptic technique during insertion, appropriate-size cannula or needle, observing the site hourly, anchoring the cannula well, and changing the IV site according to agency policy (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Venipuncture

A procedure to draw blood from a vein.

IV catheter placement

Inserting a catheter into a vein for IV fluids or medications.