EAQ  Fluid and electrolytes WEEK 3
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Questions and Answers

Which body fluid is considered an intravascular fluid?

  • plasma (correct)
  • sodium
  • pleural fluid
  • cerebrospinal fluid

Which range is the normal value of phosphate in human blood?

  • 1.3-2.1
  • 3.0-4.5 (correct)
  • 3.5-5
  • 4.5-5.6

Which organ's function is regularly observed in older-adult patients to monitor for metabolic acidosis?

  • Skin
  • Heart
  • Kidney (correct)
  • Bladder

Which drug increases the risk of metabolic acidosis?

<p>Spironolactone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can cause paresthesia?

<p>Respiratory alkalosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding metabolic acidosis?

<p>-it is caused by decrease in blood carbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which ion is an example of an anion

<p>Chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body fluid is a transcellular fluid? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

<p>Synovial fluid (A), Peritoneal fluid (B), Cerebrospinal fluid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte controls the function of neuromuscular junctions?

<p>Magnesium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body fluid is transcellular fluid? Select all the apply.

<p>Synovial (A), peritoneal (B), cerebrospinal fluids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arrange the sequence of events that occur during development of edema in the correct order

<p>Increase in capillary blood flow = 1 Leakage of colloids into the interstitial space = 2 Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure = 3 Increase in interstitial colloidal osmotic pressure = 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which can cause an excess of extracellular fluid volume?

<p>Chronic heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which transport mechanism is governed by oncotic and hydrostatic pressures?

<p>Filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones directly influence renal fluid excretion? Select all that apply.

<p>aldosterone (A), antidiuretic hormone (C), atrial natriuretic peptide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which component helps maintain the body's fluid balance?

<p>antidiuretic hormone (A), atrial natriuretic peptides (B), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which condition is characterized by metabolic acidosis with high anion gap?

<p>severe hyperthyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which buffer prevents urine from becoming to acidic?

<p>phosphate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition will the nurse monitor for in the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

<p>Respiratory acidosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition does the nurse suspect in a patient whose arterial blood pH is 7.50 and who experiences excessive vomiting, excitement, and confusion followed by a decreased level of consciousness?

<p>Metabolic alkalosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs may cause mild metabolic alkalosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

<p>Calcium carbonate antacids (C), Potassium-wasting diuretics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect will the nurse assess for in the patient prescribed prednisone?

<p>Metabolic alkalosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor increases the risk of metabolic acidosis in an older adult?

<p>Changes in kidney functioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which effect is caused by respiratory acidosis?

<p>excessive carbonic acid in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition will the nurse suspect in a patient whose laboratory report shows metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap and excessive bicarbonate output from the body?

<p>Pancreatic fistula (A), Intestinal decompression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can cause metabolic alkalosis?

<p>Massive blood transfusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What acid base imbalance will the nurse assess for when a healthcare provider prescribes carbenicillin for a patient with a UTI?

<p>Metabolic alkalosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may indicate respiratory alkalosis in a patient?

<p>Increased rate of respirations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ions are cations?

<p>sodium (A), calcium (B), potassium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which arterial blood gas value is abnormal?

<p>-partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) 75mm HG (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may result in excessive metabolic acids in the body of the patient?

<p>-severe infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is caused by respiratory acidosis?

<p>-Headache (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement indicates a need for further teaching regarding acid-base balance?Select all.

<p>-The higher the H+ ion count in the body, the more alkaline the body is. (A), -The excretion of acids from the body indicates an abnormality in the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by severe hyperthyroidism, confusion, increased respiratory rate, and a pH of arterial blood gas below 7.35?

<p>-metabolic acidosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fluid is considered an intravascular fluid?

<p>-plasma of the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A health care provider prescribes 2 L of intravenous fluid over 6 hours using gravity-flow tubing and a macrodrip with a drop factor of 10 for a patient who has been vomiting. Calculate the minute flow rate of the infusion in gtt/min.Round to nearest whole number.

<p>56</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical condition will the nurse assess for in the patient complaining of frequent headaches and dysrhythmia whose laboratory reports reveal respiratory acidosis?

<p>-decreased cerebrospinal fluid pH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte imbalance will the nurse suspect in the patient with chronic diarrhea who demonstrates a positive Chvostek's sign? Select all.

<p>Hypocalcemia (B), Hypomagnesemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient condition would the nurse anticipate seeing with respiratory acidosis?

<p>-light-headedness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which level increase may be responsible for the presence of metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap in a patient reporting extreme exercise the day before?

<p>lactic acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient condition is associated with respiratory alkalosis? SATA

<p>anxiety (A), acute pain (B), long periods of crying (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition will the nurse suspect when the patient reports light-headedness and tingling of the fingers and arterial blood gas laboratory findings show the pH to be above 7.45?

<p>-respiratory alkalosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition will the nurse suspect the health care provider to diagnose in a patient with a head injury whose sodium level is 109mEq/L?

<p>-syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process that moves water and electrolytes between body compartments is impacted as a result of a mastectomy with the removal of lymph nodes?

<p>filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

which statement indicates a need for additional instruction regarding the process that move water and electrolytes between body compartments?

<p>-&quot;osmosis allows the free movement of potassium across cell membranes.&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient is likely to have metabolic acidosis?

<p>Patient C, with acute kidney injury, an arterial blood gas pH of 7.23, abdominal pain, and compensatory hyperventilation, may have metabolic acidosis due to the inability of the patient's kidneys to eliminate metabolic acid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nursing action is beneficial when the patient with a 3% sodium chloride intravenous(IV) line develops shortness of breath and edema in the extremities, and the nurse notes crackling sounds in the dependent parts of the lungs upon auscultation? Select all.

<p>-Reducing the IV flow rate (A), -elevating the head of the bed (B), -notifying the health care provider (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement made by the patients indicates a need for further teaching regarding maintaining safe intravenous therapy at home?

<p>-&quot;I should perform isometric exercises daily for 30 minutes.&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which increased value is a cause of metabolic alkalosis?

<p>-bicarbonate ions in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which acid-base imbalance will the nurse suspect in a patient reporting confusion and sleepiness whose arterial blood gas reports include a pH value of 7.29, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (paCO2) of 49mm HG, and bicarbonate (HCO3-) of 30 mEq/l?

<p>-respiratory acidosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physiological condition can be identified as a cause of metabolic acidosis?Select all.

<p>-ketoacidosis (A), -oliguric renal disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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