30 Questions
What is a key advantage of nasal drug delivery mentioned in the text?
Bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism
Why is the nose considered an alternative route to the Central Nervous System (CNS) for drug delivery?
Offers direct drug delivery to the brain through olfactory nerves
What characteristic makes nasal delivery particularly convenient for long-term therapy patients?
Convenience for patients in long-term therapy
Which condition is avoided by choosing nasal drug delivery over other routes?
Gastrointestinal conditions
In what way does nasal drug delivery differ from traditional oral administration?
Avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism
Why is nasal drug delivery considered non-invasive?
Involves administration through the nose without surgical procedures
Which layer of the posterior segment is responsible for photoreception?
Neural retina
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of ocular drug delivery systems?
Improved patient compliance
Which of the following is NOT a limitation of ocular drug delivery systems?
Minimize precorneal drug loss
Which of the following is NOT a precorneal factor influencing the bioavailability of topically applied ophthalmic drugs?
Ocular static and dynamic barriers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ideal ocular drug delivery system?
Good corneal penetration
Which of the following is NOT a disease affecting the posterior segment of the eye?
Cataract
Which formulation approach has shown good potential for controlling the rate and extent of drug release in nasal formulations?
Nasal gels with bioadhesive polymers
What factor affects the droplet size and dose accuracy of nasal spray systems, which can impact nasal deposition?
All of the above
Which formulation approach has been studied to target the CNS using nanoscale carriers?
Nasal suspensions and emulsions
What is the main limitation of nasal drops as a drug delivery system?
Both a and b
Which formulation approach has shown improved retention and bioavailability of actives in comparison to liquid formulations?
Nasal powders containing bioadhesive polymers
What is the most important issue affecting drug delivery via the nasal route?
Drug permeation through the nasal mucosa
What is the main challenge associated with the use of nasal drops?
All of the above
Which formulation approach is considered favourable for nasal drug delivery due to its intimate adherence to the nasal mucosal surface?
Nasal micellar and liposomal formulations
What is the most critical factor affecting the bioavailability of drugs with high water solubility in nasal drug delivery?
Permeability across nasal epithelia
Which formulation approach has been studied to prolong the residence time of drugs in the nasal cavity?
Nasal powders containing bioadhesive polymers
What physicochemical property of drugs can influence nasal absorption?
Particle size
Which nasal effect can hinder drug absorption due to poor membrane permeability?
Mucociliary clearance
What is a significant anatomical factor that can reduce nasal drug absorption and bioavailability?
Atrophic rhinitis
Which part of the nasal cavity covers the main area and is crucial for drug absorption?
Inferior turbinate
What is a key aspect of the olfactory epithelium in rodents compared to humans?
Higher olfactory region percentage
Which type of drug absorption mechanism involves simple diffusion across membranes?
Transcellular
In drug absorption, what is affected by the lipophilicity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)?
Transcellular mechanism efficiency
Why do water-soluble drugs with molecular weight greater than 1000 Daltons exhibit poor bioavailability?
Inverse correlation with IN absorption
Explore the key concepts of nasal and ocular drug delivery in this lecture series by Dr. Vivek Trivedi. Learn about nasal and ocular anatomy, challenges, advantages, formulations, and the usefulness of these routes in drug administration.
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