Intranasal & Ocular Drug Delivery: Learning Outcomes with Dr. Vivek Trivedi
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Questions and Answers

What is a key advantage of nasal drug delivery mentioned in the text?

  • Low drug permeability
  • Bypassing hepatic first-pass metabolism (correct)
  • Inefficient absorption due to a small surface area
  • Exposure to harsh environmental conditions

Why is the nose considered an alternative route to the Central Nervous System (CNS) for drug delivery?

  • It has minimal drug permeability
  • Exposes drugs to harsh gastrointestinal conditions
  • Offers direct drug delivery to the brain through olfactory nerves (correct)
  • Causes rapid excretion of drugs from the body

What characteristic makes nasal delivery particularly convenient for long-term therapy patients?

  • Low patient compliance
  • Potential direct drug delivery to the brain
  • Convenience for patients in long-term therapy (correct)
  • Minimal drug absorption

Which condition is avoided by choosing nasal drug delivery over other routes?

<p>Gastrointestinal conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does nasal drug delivery differ from traditional oral administration?

<p>Avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is nasal drug delivery considered non-invasive?

<p>Involves administration through the nose without surgical procedures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the posterior segment is responsible for photoreception?

<p>Neural retina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of ocular drug delivery systems?

<p>Improved patient compliance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of ocular drug delivery systems?

<p>Minimize precorneal drug loss (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a precorneal factor influencing the bioavailability of topically applied ophthalmic drugs?

<p>Ocular static and dynamic barriers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ideal ocular drug delivery system?

<p>Good corneal penetration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a disease affecting the posterior segment of the eye?

<p>Cataract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation approach has shown good potential for controlling the rate and extent of drug release in nasal formulations?

<p>Nasal gels with bioadhesive polymers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects the droplet size and dose accuracy of nasal spray systems, which can impact nasal deposition?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation approach has been studied to target the CNS using nanoscale carriers?

<p>Nasal suspensions and emulsions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of nasal drops as a drug delivery system?

<p>Both a and b (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation approach has shown improved retention and bioavailability of actives in comparison to liquid formulations?

<p>Nasal powders containing bioadhesive polymers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important issue affecting drug delivery via the nasal route?

<p>Drug permeation through the nasal mucosa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge associated with the use of nasal drops?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation approach is considered favourable for nasal drug delivery due to its intimate adherence to the nasal mucosal surface?

<p>Nasal micellar and liposomal formulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most critical factor affecting the bioavailability of drugs with high water solubility in nasal drug delivery?

<p>Permeability across nasal epithelia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formulation approach has been studied to prolong the residence time of drugs in the nasal cavity?

<p>Nasal powders containing bioadhesive polymers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physicochemical property of drugs can influence nasal absorption?

<p>Particle size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nasal effect can hinder drug absorption due to poor membrane permeability?

<p>Mucociliary clearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant anatomical factor that can reduce nasal drug absorption and bioavailability?

<p>Atrophic rhinitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the nasal cavity covers the main area and is crucial for drug absorption?

<p>Inferior turbinate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the olfactory epithelium in rodents compared to humans?

<p>Higher olfactory region percentage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drug absorption mechanism involves simple diffusion across membranes?

<p>Transcellular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In drug absorption, what is affected by the lipophilicity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)?

<p>Transcellular mechanism efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do water-soluble drugs with molecular weight greater than 1000 Daltons exhibit poor bioavailability?

<p>Inverse correlation with IN absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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