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Questions and Answers
What are some symptoms of rapid insulin absorption after an injection?
What complication can occur if injection sites are not rotated?
Which muscle is commonly used for intramuscular injections?
What is the purpose of an intramuscular injection?
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Which area is NOT a suitable intramuscular injection site?
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What is a possible consequence of rapid insulin absorption after an injection?
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What is the recommended technique to minimize patient discomfort during injection administration?
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Which of the following is a purpose of intradermal (ID) injections?
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Where is a suitable site for an intradermal injection?
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What is a key consideration for intramuscular injections?
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How should air bubbles be managed when preparing for an injection?
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Why is it important to know the volume and viscosity of medication before injection administration?
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What should be done after discarding the uncapped needle and syringe in a safe receptacle?
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Why is it important to document the injection site used for intramuscular injections?
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What should be recorded if a patient refuses or omits medication administration?
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Why is it essential to identify the patient before giving an injection?
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What is the purpose of palpating for tenderness or hardness when selecting an injection site?
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Why should antiseptic swabbing be performed in a circular motion to disinfect the skin before an injection?
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Study Notes
Administering Injections
- Ensure volume and absence of air bubbles at a 90-degree angle at eye level
- Expel air bubbles or excess liquid and change the needle according to the route of administration
- Suction the needle and vial into a sharps container
- Label the syringe and practice hand hygiene before administering medication within 15 minutes
Clinical Recommendations for Injection Administration
- Know the volume, characteristics, and viscosity of the medication and location of anatomical structures before injection administration
- Minimize patient discomfort by: • Diverting patient attention with open-ended questioning • Positioning the patient comfortably • Selecting the proper injection site • Inserting the needle quickly and smoothly • Holding the syringe steady • Injecting medication slowly and steadily
Intradermal Injection (ID)
- Definition: insertion of medication into the dermis, which lies below the epidermis and above the subcutaneous tissue
- Purposes: • Diagnostic purposes (e.g. tuberculin screening, skin allergy tests) • Prophylactic purposes (e.g. vaccination against tuberculosis, influenza) • Administering local anesthetics
- Drug dosage: 0.01-0.1ml
- Suitable injection sites: inner forearm, upper chest, upper back (beneath scapula), and location of the tendon of the lower part of the deltoid muscle
- Special considerations: • Infection at the site when aseptic technique is breached • Application into the venous system or intramuscularly, leading to rapid insulin absorption and risk of hypoglycemia • Lipodystrophy complications if injection sites are not rotated
Intramuscular Injection (IM)
- Definition: insertion of medication with a sterile syringe and needle through the skin and subcutaneous tissues into certain muscles for curative or preventive purposes
- Suitable injection sites: • Dorsogluteal site (musculus gluteus maximus) • Ventrogluteal site (musculus gluteus medius) • Vastus lateralis site (musculus vastus lateralis) • Rectus femoris site (musculus rectus femoris) • Deltoid site (musculus deltoideus)
- Absorption volume of drug for IM injection: 1-5 ml in 5-10 minutes
- Clinical recommendations: • Choose the right equipment and select an appropriate location • Use correct technique and deliver the correct dose • Choose the right needle length for IM injection • Discard the uncapped needle and syringe in a safe receptacle • Remove gloves and practice hand hygiene • Record IM injection administration, date, time, dosage, site effect, and patient complaints or assessment
Procedure for Intramuscular Injection in the Ventrogluteal Site
- Patient position: lying on side or back with knee and hip slightly flexed
- Site location: ventrogluteal site
- Needle angle: 90-degree angle
- Technique of injection: • Perform hand hygiene and prepare the correct medication dose • Identify the patient and provide privacy • Explain the steps of the procedure and minimize anxiety • Prepare the patient and assist them into a comfortable position • Select the appropriate site and palpate for tenderness or hardness • Avoid areas with tenderness or hardness and rotate sites if injections are given frequently • Perform hand hygiene, put on clean gloves, and use an antiseptic swab to disinfect the skin at the site
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Description
Test your knowledge on intramuscular injections, including their definition, complications, and suitable injection sites. Learn about the risks associated with improper injection techniques and the importance of rotation for preventing lipodystrophy.
