Cross-task specificity and within-task invariance of cognitive control processes (Xiao et al., 2023)
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Questions and Answers

Where were the task-specific electrodes located?

  • Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes (correct)
  • Frontal and temporal lobes only
  • Frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes only
  • Parietal and temporal lobes only
  • What did previous work show about intracranial field potentials within a session?

  • They vary significantly
  • They tend to be very stable (correct)
  • They are influenced by external factors
  • They are inconsistent
  • What do the results suggest about cognitive control processes?

  • Recruit distributed and task-specific networks (correct)
  • Enhance sensory processing
  • Are limited to a single brain region
  • Activate only the frontal cortex
  • Which brain region showed differential activation during incongruent versus congruent trials?

    <p>Frontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was more consistent within a task according to the text?

    <p>Signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theoretical notion do the results align with?

    <p>'Conflict enhances selective and task-relevant signals in cortex'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region is specifically mentioned in relation to representing conflict in the text?

    <p>Prefrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons encode action monitoring, not selection, during adaptive decision-making?

    <p>Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the text, which technique was employed to study neural communication patterns underlying conflict detection, resolution, and adaptation?

    <p>Intracranial field potentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which animal species was used to investigate cognitive control in a variant of the AX continuous performance task (AX-CPT) according to the text?

    <p>Monkeys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested by the divergence in data from humans and monkeys regarding the cingulate cortex?

    <p>Cross-task specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is mentioned in relation to mediating ongoing behavioral adaptation in humans?

    <p>Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which frequency band was focused on in the neural activity analysis?

    <p>Theta band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where were the recorded neural responses analyzed from?

    <p>Bipolarly referenced electrodes not in the white matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region showed enhanced responses during incongruent trials in the Stroop task?

    <p>Left orbitofrontal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the high-gamma band in the study?

    <p>Related to cognitive control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How were the differences between incongruent and congruent trials described?

    <p>Highly robust and discernible even in individual trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key component of cognitive control mentioned in the text?

    <p>Theta band</p> Signup and view all the answers

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