Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are Fordyce spots characterized by?
What are Fordyce spots characterized by?
What is a mucocele in the context of oral health?
What is a mucocele in the context of oral health?
Which aspect is NOT examined when checking the buccal mucosa?
Which aspect is NOT examined when checking the buccal mucosa?
What is a common symptom associated with chronic trauma to the buccal mucosa?
What is a common symptom associated with chronic trauma to the buccal mucosa?
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What type of foods might cause increased sensitivity in individuals with oral inflammatory conditions?
What type of foods might cause increased sensitivity in individuals with oral inflammatory conditions?
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Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the buccal mucosa?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the buccal mucosa?
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What does the term 'chronic inflammatory disease' typically refer to in oral conditions?
What does the term 'chronic inflammatory disease' typically refer to in oral conditions?
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How should the healthy buccal mucosa ideally appear?
How should the healthy buccal mucosa ideally appear?
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What type of lesions can appear as a result of chronic trauma to the buccal mucosa?
What type of lesions can appear as a result of chronic trauma to the buccal mucosa?
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What is the main purpose of performing an intra oral examination?
What is the main purpose of performing an intra oral examination?
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Which area is NOT typically examined during an intra oral examination?
Which area is NOT typically examined during an intra oral examination?
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What sign should NOT be looked for during the examination of the lips?
What sign should NOT be looked for during the examination of the lips?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of aphthous ulcers?
Which of the following is a characteristic of aphthous ulcers?
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What aspect of oral tissues does an intra oral examination NOT assess?
What aspect of oral tissues does an intra oral examination NOT assess?
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Which technique is appropriate for examining the lips?
Which technique is appropriate for examining the lips?
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What condition is indicated by the presence of aphthous ulcers?
What condition is indicated by the presence of aphthous ulcers?
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How does one identify abnormalities in the intra oral examination?
How does one identify abnormalities in the intra oral examination?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the evaluation of the oral mucosa?
Which of the following is NOT part of the evaluation of the oral mucosa?
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What is a common cause of aphthous ulcers?
What is a common cause of aphthous ulcers?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by horizontal white lines or ridges?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by horizontal white lines or ridges?
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What is the main cause of Tori in the mouth?
What is the main cause of Tori in the mouth?
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What is the appearance of a coated tongue commonly attributed to?
What is the appearance of a coated tongue commonly attributed to?
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Which of these best describes the pain associated with ulcers caused by nicotine exposure?
Which of these best describes the pain associated with ulcers caused by nicotine exposure?
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In what scenario would you use gauze when examining the tongue?
In what scenario would you use gauze when examining the tongue?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of trauma-induced ulcerative conditions?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of trauma-induced ulcerative conditions?
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What is typically observed in the soft palate of a healthy individual?
What is typically observed in the soft palate of a healthy individual?
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What is a common misconception about thrush in the mouth?
What is a common misconception about thrush in the mouth?
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Linea alba is associated with which of the following?
Linea alba is associated with which of the following?
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Which of the following describes Thrush?
Which of the following describes Thrush?
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What is a significant factor in assessing caries radiographically?
What is a significant factor in assessing caries radiographically?
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Which type of bone loss is evaluated during periodontal assessments?
Which type of bone loss is evaluated during periodontal assessments?
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What should be prioritized in the order of treatment planning?
What should be prioritized in the order of treatment planning?
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Which aspect is NOT included in the assessment for caries?
Which aspect is NOT included in the assessment for caries?
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What must be included in the overall patient assessment process?
What must be included in the overall patient assessment process?
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In terms of risk assessment, what should be performed regularly?
In terms of risk assessment, what should be performed regularly?
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What condition is characterized by the presence of enlarged and stained papillae on the tongue?
What condition is characterized by the presence of enlarged and stained papillae on the tongue?
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Which of the following conditions involves the presence of vesicles in the oral cavity?
Which of the following conditions involves the presence of vesicles in the oral cavity?
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What anatomical structure represents the space between the cavity of the mouth and the pharynx?
What anatomical structure represents the space between the cavity of the mouth and the pharynx?
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In periodontal assessment, what is a key indicator of gingival condition?
In periodontal assessment, what is a key indicator of gingival condition?
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Which of these is NOT typically assessed during a periodontal assessment?
Which of these is NOT typically assessed during a periodontal assessment?
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What condition may present as a prominent lump in the floor of the mouth?
What condition may present as a prominent lump in the floor of the mouth?
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Which assessment technique involves checking for plaque and calculus deposits?
Which assessment technique involves checking for plaque and calculus deposits?
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Which type of tongue condition is characterized by deep grooves or fissures?
Which type of tongue condition is characterized by deep grooves or fissures?
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What is a common feature of periodontal disease assessment?
What is a common feature of periodontal disease assessment?
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What is NOT a feature commonly observed in the floor of the mouth?
What is NOT a feature commonly observed in the floor of the mouth?
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Study Notes
Intra Oral Examination
- Intra oral examination is part of the general initial patient assessment.
- The examination identifies signs of health and disease in hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity.
- It's used to assess treatment needs and identify concerning symptoms.
- Understanding what is normal for the patient is key to identify what is abnormal.
Intended Learning Outcomes
- Explain the relevance and importance of the intra oral examination.
- Identify important areas of focus in the intra-oral examination.
- Learn techniques and observations for a thorough intra-oral examination.
- Recognize signs of disease/abnormalities in soft and hard tissues.
Intra Oral Examination Components
- Lips: Mucosa, trauma, swelling, color/pigmentation, texture, and any other unusual findings
- Mucosa: Intact mucosa? Trauma? Swelling? Lumps? Color? Pigmentation? Texture?
- Hard & Soft Palates: Refer to separate lecture notes
- Floor of the mouth: Submandibular duct opening on sublingual papilla.
- Tongue: Refer to separate lecture notes
- Vestibules: Space between cheeks and gingiva. Formed by the cheek.
- Fauces: Space between mouth and pharynx. Includes hard and soft palate, uvula, palatine tonsils, and tongue.
What do we Mean by Intra Oral Examinations?
- Part of patient's general initial assessment.
- Carried out to find signs of health or disease in hard and soft oral tissues.
- Identifies treatment needs and assesses symptoms.
- Used to act appropriately based on the findings.
Aphthous Ulcers
- Commonly found on mucous membranes.
- Usually painful and sore.
- Vary in size.
- Typically heal within 14 days.
- Can make oral exams/dental procedures difficult due to discomfort.
- Possible causes include anemia, vitamin deficiencies, etc.
Fordyce Spots
- Harmless, painless.
- Small, yellowish-white spots.
- Found on the inner part of the cheek or lips.
Mucocele
- Harmless, painless.
- A fluid-filled cyst.
- May be caused by a disrupted saliva flow.
- Common locations are lips, cheeks, or tongue.
Buccal Mucosa
- Inside of the mouth; lining of the cheeks.
- Normally smooth, reddish/pink/naturally pigmented.
- Moist.
- Flexible, not rigid.
- Examination should assess color, breaks/tears, lumps/bumps, vessels, and texture. Possible abnormalities include chronic trauma, ulcerative granulomas, aspirin burns, lichen planus, and linea alba.
Hard and Soft Palate
- Refer to the relevant lecture.
Tongue
- Refer to the relevant lecture.
- Normal appearance is a key element when investigating issues with the tongue.
Examining the Tongue
- Use gauze and pull the tongue out, examining its left then right sides;
- Move tongue to roof of mouth to look at underside;
- Gauze prevents accidental swallowing of elements when examining the oral cavity .
Floor of the Mouth
- Contains lingual veins, frenulum, submandibular duct opening, and sublingual folds.
- Check if normal, and report any issues/abnormalities.
Vestibules
- The spaces between cheeks and the gingiva,
- Lateral walls are formed by the cheek.
Fauces
- The space between the mouth and the pharynx.
- Includes hard palate, soft palate, uvula, palatine tonsils, and the tongue.
More Intraoral Assessments to Consider
- Periodontal assessments (including recession, CAL, BPE, bleeding/plaque, furcations, and mobility).
- Further assessments (including plaque and calculus deposits).
Radiographic Assessment for Caries and Periodontal Issues
- Assessing tooth enamel, dentine, restoration margins, pulp, and pathology.
- Checking degree, type, and distribution of bone loss, furcation involvement, and radiolucency at apices.
- Important findings must be documented in reports that are collected during exams.
Treatment Planning
- Prioritize order of treatment (emergency/planned).
- Include prevention strategies.
- Determine need for NSPT or restorative treatment, if needed.
- Refer patient for specialist treatment if needed.
- Assess risk.
- Review the assessment.
- Monitor treatment plan.
Summary
- All patient assessments are considered collectively, not in isolation.
- Assessments include physical exams and verbal discussions.
- All assessments need to be documented.
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Description
This quiz covers the key components of the intra oral examination, which is a critical part of initial patient assessment. You'll learn to identify signs of health and disease in both hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity, understand normal vs. abnormal findings, and master essential techniques for thorough examination.
