Intestines Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Where does the upper lip lie?

  • At the ileocolic junction (correct)
  • At the ileocaecal orifice
  • At the posteromedial wall of the caecum
  • At the ileocaecal junction

Where is the vermiform appendix located?

  • Posteromedial wall of the caecum
  • Right iliac fossa (correct)
  • Left iliac fossa
  • Behind the colon

What causes the mechanical closure of the ileocaecal valve?

  • Contraction of the ileocaecal sphincter
  • Distension of the caecum (correct)
  • Sympathetic nerves
  • Parasympathetic nerves

Which direction does the appendix point in the retrocolic position?

<p>Towards the spleen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ileocaecal valve?

<p>Prevents reflux from caecum to ileum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed by the fusion of the lips at the ends of the aperture?

<p>Anterior and posterior frenula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the ileocaecal valve?

<p>Causes tonic contraction of ileocaecal sphincter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the lower lip?

<p>[It is concave and longer] (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the flexure located?

<p>On the lower part of the left kidney and diaphragm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure attaches the flexure to the eleventh rib?

<p>The phrenicocolic ligament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the phrenicocolic ligament?

<p>To support the spleen and form a partial upper limit of the left paracolic gutter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the descending colon?

<p>About 25 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the descending colon and the small intestine?

<p>The descending colon is anterior to the coils of small intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the sigmoid colon?

<p>About 37.5 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the sigmoid colon positioned in the pelvis?

<p>It hangs down in the pelvis over the bladder and uterus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are the sigmoid colon related to posteriorly?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the jejunum begin?

<p>Duodenojejunal flexure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the small intestine constitutes the lower three-fifths of the mobile part?

<p>Ileum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of the jejunum compared to the ileum?

<p>Wider lumen and often empty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens normally to Meckel's diverticulum during embryonic development?

<p>Disappears during the 6th week of intrauterine life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the ileum terminate?

<p>Ileocaecal junction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing feature of the ileum compared to the jejunum?

<p>Larger and more closely set circular mucosal folds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Meckel's diverticulum represent in embryonic development?

<p>Persistence of vitellointestinal duct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a feature that distinguishes Meckel's diverticulum from other structures?

<p>Persistence beyond the first year of life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the caecum situated?

<p>Right iliac fossa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the dimensions of the caecum?

<p>6 cm long and 7.5 cm broad (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which arteries supply blood to the caecum?

<p>Caecal branches of the ileocolic artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What guards the ileocaecal opening?

<p>Ileocaecal valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerves innervate the caecum?

<p>Genitofemoral, femoral, and lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diverticulum in relation to the colon?

<p><em>Diverticulum refers to a small protrusion from the mucous membrane</em> (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the ascending colon?

<p>12.5 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the right colic flexure located?

<p>At the junction of the ascending colon and transverse colon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the transverse colon?

<p>50 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is the transverse colon related to anteriorly?

<p>Greater omentum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the left colic flexure located?

<p>At the junction of the transverse colon and descending colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is the transverse colon related to posteriorly?

<p>Pancreas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the transverse colon suspended?

<p>By the transverse mesocolon attached to the anterior border of the pancreas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the bend at the left colic flexure?

<p>Downwards and backwards (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the function of the ileocecal valve?

The ileocecal valve prevents reflux from the caecum back to the ileum, ensuring a one-way flow of digested food.

Where does the upper lip lie?

The upper lip is located at the ileocecal junction, the point where the ileum connects to the cecum.

Where is the vermiform appendix located?

The vermiform appendix is situated in the right iliac fossa, a region of the abdomen.

What causes the mechanical closure of the ileocaecal valve?

The caecum's distention triggers mechanical closure of the ileocecal valve, preventing backflow of contents.

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Which direction does the appendix point in the retrocolic position?

In the retrocolic position, the appendix points towards the spleen, which lies on the left side of the abdomen.

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What is formed by the fusion of the lips at the ends of the aperture?

The anterior and posterior frenula are formed by the fusion of the lip ends at the aperture, creating the lip's attachment.

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How does the sympathetic nervous system affect the ileocaecal valve?

The sympathetic nervous system causes tonic contraction of the ileocecal sphincter, influencing valve function.

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What is a characteristic of the lower lip?

The lower lip is characterized by its concave shape and longer length compared to the upper lip.

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Where is the flexure located?

The flexure is located on the lower part of the left kidney and diaphragm, a key point in the colon's structure.

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What structure attaches the flexure to the eleventh rib?

The phrenicocolic ligament attaches the flexure to the eleventh rib, providing structural support.

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What is the function of the phrenicocolic ligament?

The phrenicocolic ligament serves to support the spleen and partially define the left paracolic gutter.

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How long is the descending colon?

The descending colon is approximately 25 cm long, a significant portion of the large intestine.

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What is the relationship between the descending colon and the small intestine?

The descending colon is positioned anterior to the coils of the small intestine, a key anatomical relationship.

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How long is the sigmoid colon?

The sigmoid colon is about 37.5 cm long, forming a crucial part of the large intestine.

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How is the sigmoid colon positioned in the pelvis?

The sigmoid colon hangs down in the pelvis over the bladder and uterus, taking a characteristic curve.

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What structures are the sigmoid colon related to posteriorly?

The sigmoid colon is related posteriorly to structures like the sacrum, iliac vessels, and left ureter.

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Where does the jejunum begin?

The jejunum begins at the duodenojejunal flexure, a point where the duodenum transitions to the jejunum.

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Which part of the small intestine constitutes the lower three-fifths of the mobile part?

The ileum comprises the lower three-fifths of the mobile part of the small intestine, extending from the jejunum.

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What is a distinguishing feature of the jejunum compared to the ileum?

The jejunum has a wider lumen and is often empty compared to the ileum, a key distinguishing feature.

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What happens normally to Meckel's diverticulum during embryonic development?

Meckel's diverticulum normally disappears during the 6th week of intrauterine life, a part of normal embryonic development.

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Where does the ileum terminate?

The ileum terminates at the ileocecal junction, where it connects to the cecum.

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What is a distinguishing feature of the ileum compared to the jejunum?

The ileum has larger and more closely set circular mucosal folds compared to the jejunum, another distinguishing feature.

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What does Meckel's diverticulum represent in embryonic development?

Meckel's diverticulum represents a persistence of the vitellointestinal duct, a structure present during embryonic development.

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What is a feature that distinguishes Meckel's diverticulum from other structures?

A feature that distinguishes Meckel's diverticulum is its persistence beyond the first year of life.

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Where is the caecum situated?

The caecum is situated in the right iliac fossa, a region of the lower abdomen.

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What are the dimensions of the caecum?

The caecum measures approximately 6 cm long and 7.5 cm broad, a significant part of the large intestine.

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Which arteries supply blood to the caecum?

The caecal branches of the ileocolic artery supply blood to the caecum, ensuring its oxygenation.

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What guards the ileocaecal opening?

The ileocaecal valve guards the ileocaecal opening, preventing backflow of contents.

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What nerves innervate the caecum?

The genitofemoral, femoral, and lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh innervate the caecum, controlling its function.

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What is a diverticulum in relation to the colon?

A diverticulum in relation to the colon is a small protrusion (bulge) extending outwards from the mucous membrane.

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What is the approximate length of the ascending colon?

The ascending colon is approximately 12.5 cm long, a part of the large intestine.

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Where is the right colic flexure located?

The right colic flexure is located at the junction of the ascending colon and transverse colon.

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What is the approximate length of the transverse colon?

The transverse colon is roughly 50 cm long, a significant portion of the large intestine.

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Which structure is the transverse colon related to anteriorly?

The transverse colon is related to the greater omentum anteriorly, a key anatomical relationship.

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Where is the left colic flexure located?

The left colic flexure is located at the junction of the transverse colon and descending colon.

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Which structure is the transverse colon related to posteriorly?

The transverse colon is related to the pancreas posteriorly, another important anatomical feature.

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How is the transverse colon suspended?

The transverse colon is suspended by the transverse mesocolon, which attaches to the anterior border of the pancreas.

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What is the direction of the bend at the left colic flexure?

The bend at the left colic flexure goes downwards and backwards, shaping the flow of intestinal contents.

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