Intestinal and Rectal Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a manifestation of colorectal cancer?

Dark stools

Fever and vomiting

Double and blurred vision

Changes in bowel pattern (correct)

What is a common symptom of rotavirus infection?

Double and blurred vision

Abdominal pain and cramping

Rectal bleeding

Watery diarrhea (correct)

What is the recommended treatment for food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum?

Antibiotics

Antitoxin (correct)

Oral fluids

IV fluids

What would be an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with duodenal ulcers?

Encouraging fluid intake of at least 2000 ml daily Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible surgical procedure for colorectal cancer?

Temporary colostomy followed by segmental resection & anastomosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a preventive measure for recurrence of rotavirus infection?

Vaccination for infants Signup and view all the answers

How should a patient prevent food poisoning?

Frequent hand wash Signup and view all the answers

Why might antibiotics be prescribed for the patient with peptic ulcer disease?

To eliminate the bacterial cause of the ulcers Signup and view all the answers

What are the contributing factors to duodenal ulcers in the case study?

Excessive alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking Signup and view all the answers

What sign indicates dehydration in a patient?

Signs of dehydration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not listed as a risk factor for gastritis?

Chronic constipation Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of gastric cancer?

Adenocarcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic test involves the use of an endoscope and biopsy?

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (Endoscopy with biopsy) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a recurrent ulcerative and inflammatory disease of the mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon and rectum?

Ulcerative colitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of peptic ulcers?

Excessive secretion of HCL in stomach Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder results from a functional disorder of intestinal motility?

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancer can occur anywhere in the stomach?

Adenocarcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis?

Diverticulosis is the presence of pouches in the colon/intestine, while diverticulitis is an inflammation of the diverticulum. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common risk factors for diverticulitis?

Eating a diet high in red or processed meats, family history, and low fiber diet Signup and view all the answers

What are the manifestations of intestinal and rectal disorders?

Abdominal cramps, altered bowel habit, and fever Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic tests are used for intestinal and rectal disorders?

Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy, stool culture, and abdominal ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gastrointestinal intubation?

To decompress the stomach & remove gas & fluid Signup and view all the answers

What are nasogastric tubes primarily used for?

To administer medications or feedings Signup and view all the answers

What are potential complications of chronic IBD?

Electrolyte imbalance and cardiac dysrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

What are the common causes of colorectal cancer?

Unknown and benign polyps in the large intestine or rectum Signup and view all the answers

What are some risk factors for colorectal cancer?

Smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nursing intervention for maintaining normal elimination patterns in patients with intestinal and rectal disorders?

Monitoring and managing potential complications. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical duration of acute gastritis?

Several hours to a few days Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of gastric mucosal barrier breakdown in gastritis?

Excessive production of digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of tissue edema in gastritis?

Disruption of capillary walls Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic test is commonly used for evaluating gastritis?

Upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment approach for acute gastritis?

Strict dietary restrictions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing chronic gastritis?

History of gastrointestinal bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential complication of chronic gastritis?

Increased risk of gastric cancer Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between acute and chronic gastritis?

Acute gastritis has a rapid onset, while chronic gastritis develops slowly over time. Signup and view all the answers

'Autodigestion by HCl acid and pepsin' refers to:

'Self-digestion' of the stomach lining by its own digestive juices Signup and view all the answers

'Disruption of capillary walls' in gastritis can lead to:

'Hematemesis' or vomiting blood Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colorectal Cancer

Manifestations include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and unexplained weight loss.
Possible surgical procedure is colectomy, which involves removing part or all of the colon.

Rotavirus Infection

Common symptom is severe diarrhea, often accompanied by vomiting and fever.
Preventive measure for recurrence includes vaccination and practicing good hygiene.

Food Poisoning

Recommended treatment for food poisoning caused by Clostridium botulinum is intensive medical treatment and potential antitoxin administration.
Prevention includes proper food handling, cooking, and storage practices.

Duodenal Ulcers

Appropriate nursing intervention involves monitoring pain levels, promoting stress management, and encouraging a balanced diet.
Contributing factors include H. pylori infection, use of NSAIDs, and excessive alcohol consumption.

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Peptic ulcers are primarily caused by H. pylori infection or long-term use of NSAIDs.
Disorder resulting from a functional disorder of intestinal motility includes irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Gastritis

Typical duration of acute gastritis is short, lasting a few days to a couple of weeks.
Main cause of gastric mucosal barrier breakdown in gastritis includes excessive alcohol intake, NSAID use, and infections.
Potential complication of chronic gastritis could be gastric cancer or pernicious anemia.

Diagnostic Tests

Endoscopy with biopsy is performed to evaluate gastric conditions and can help diagnose gastric cancer.
Common diagnostic test for evaluating gastritis includes gastroscopy.

Dehydration Indicators

Signs of dehydration may include dry mouth, decreased urine output, and confusion.

Common Gastric Cancers

Most common type of gastric cancer is adenocarcinoma, which can occur anywhere in the stomach.

Diverticular Disorders

Difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis: diverticulosis is the presence of diverticula without inflammation, while diverticulitis involves inflammation of those diverticula.
Common risk factors for diverticulitis include a low-fiber diet, obesity, and lack of physical activity.

Nursing Interventions

Nursing interventions for maintaining normal elimination patterns in patients with intestinal and rectal disorders involve promoting dietary changes, increasing fluid intake, and encouraging regular bowel habits.

Complications and Motility

Potential complications of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include colon cancer and fistulas.
'Autodigestion by HCl acid and pepsin' refers to the destruction of gastric tissue due to the digestive action of stomach acids and enzymes.
'Disruption of capillary walls' in gastritis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding and fluid loss.

Key Takeaways

Gastritis can be acute or chronic, with chronic gastritis being persistent over time.
Common causes of colorectal cancer include a diet high in red and processed meats, physical inactivity, and a family history of colorectal cancer.

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Description

Test your knowledge about intestinal and rectal disorders including IBS, IBD, diverticulitis, and bowel obstruction. Understand the causes, risk factors, and symptoms of these conditions.