65 Questions
What is the normal shape of the chest?
Oval
Which diameter is increased in chronic conditions according to the text?
Anterior-Posterior (AP) Diameter
What should separate 1 ½ to 2 inches during inspiration to indicate normal chest expansion?
Thumbs
What is tactile fremitus?
A faintly perceptible vibration felt through the chest wall
What is the procedure for assessing tactile fremitus?
Place palm on landmarks and have client repeat a phrase
Which method of medical diagnosis involves tapping various areas of the body to determine internal organ condition by resonance?
Percussion
What is a common abnormal finding during palpation of the posterior thorax?
Asymmetric or decreased chest expansion
During percussion, what does a dull sound over a lung area suggest?
Fluid or solid tissue mass
Which percussion sound is indicative of COPD or Pneumothorax?
Hyperresonance
What is the best location to auscultate vesicular breath sounds?
Peripheral lung
What is the description of bronchovesicular breath sounds?
Moderate intensity & pitch, 'blowing' sound created by air movement through larger airway
What does a barrel chest indicate?
COPD
Which breath sound is not normally heard over lung tissue?
Bronchial breath sound
What is the significance of finding tympany during percussion of the chest?
Gastric air bubble
Which condition would present with a short, high-pitched extremely dull percussion sound?
Flatness
What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?
12 to 20 breaths per minute
Which are the lobes of the right lung?
Three
What is the normal inspiration to expiration ratio during breathing?
1:2
Where does the upper lobe of the lung begin?
Apex
During chest assessment, which factor should be observed regarding respiratory effort?
Chest movements
What should be counted for a full minute during general inspection?
Respiratory rate
Which part of the thorax assessment involves methods such as palpation and percussion?
Chest examination
What should the respiratory pattern ideally be during breathing?
Even, coordinated, and regular
What patient problem is associated with rusty red sputum in pneumonia?
Impaired Gas Exchange
Which abnormal breath sound may indicate a respiratory condition like bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema, or heart failure?
Crackles (rales)
What condition is characterized by continuous, low-pitched, coarse, harsh sounds often heard predominantly over trachea and bronchi?
Rhonchi (gurgles)
What patient problem is linked to the presence of fluid in the lungs at the alveolar-capillary membrane?
Impaired Gas Exchange
Which breath sound is described as having a snoring quality and may disappear or decrease with coughing?
Rhonchi (gurgles)
What breath sound indicates an upper airway obstruction and requires immediate attention?
Stridor
Which patient problem results from bronchial inflammation and hypoxia leading to increased work of breathing?
Dyspnea
What might be the cause of continuous high-pitched squeaky musical sounds during inspiration and expiration?
Air passing through narrowed air passages
What might be a potential issue related to decreased blood flow with pulmonary capillary vasoconstriction?
Acute Pain
What patient problem arises from alveolar-capillary membrane changes occurring with an inflammatory process and exudate in the lungs?
Impaired Gas Exchange
What does a barrel chest indicate?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Where are vesicular breath sounds best heard?
Over the base of the lung
What is the significance of finding tympany during chest percussion?
Gastric air bubble
Which breath sound is characterized by high-pitched, loud, harsh sounds over the trachea?
Bronchial breath sounds
What patient problem arises from alveolar-capillary membrane changes occurring with an inflammatory process and exudate in the lungs?
Lobar pneumonia
Which percussion sound is indicative of large pneumothorax?
Tympany
What condition is characterized by lateral curvature or deviation of the spine?
'Scoliosis'
Which breath sound is described as having a 'blowing' quality created by air movement through larger airways?
'Bronchovesicular breath sounds'
'Protruding buttocks' and 'slack tummy muscles' are characteristics associated with which condition?
'Kyphosis'
What is the normal shape of the chest according to the text?
Oval
What does tactile fremitus refer to in the context of thorax assessment?
The vibration felt through the chest wall when the client speaks
What does a dull percussion sound over a lung area suggest?
Pneumothorax
How should the respiratory effort be observed during chest assessment?
Consistent, unlabored breathing
What might be a potential issue related to pulmonary capillary vasoconstriction?
Decreased blood flow
What is the significance of finding tympany during percussion of the chest?
Presence of air in lung tissue
What breath sound is characterized by having a snoring quality and may disappear with coughing?
Stridor
What is the ideal inspiration to expiration ratio during breathing?
1:2
Which part of the thorax rests upon the convex surface of the diaphragm?
Base
What should be the normal respiratory rate for adults?
12-20 BPM
Which lung has three lobes?
Right lung
What is the term used for a method that involves tapping various areas of the body to determine internal organ condition by resonance?
Percussion
Which condition may present with a high-pitched extremely dull percussion sound?
Pneumothorax
What is the significance of observing spinal alignment during chest assessment?
Assessing for scoliosis
Which observation should be made regarding skin color during chest assessment?
'Cyanotic' skin color
'Barrel chest' is associated with which condition?
'Emphysema'
'Respiratory efforts of breathing' should be observed during chest assessment to evaluate what aspect?
'Chest excursions'
What is the significance of a loud, high-pitched crowing sound or harsh honking wheeze with severe broncholaryngeal spasm?
Requires immediate attention
What abnormal breath sound is characterized by superficial grating or creaking sounds?
Pleural friction rubs
In thoracic deformities, what potential issue is associated with rusty red sputum in pneumonia?
Infection
What does the presence of continuous high-pitched, squeaky musical sounds during inspiration and expiration indicate?
Asthma exacerbation
What patient problem is linked to decreased blood flow with pulmonary capillary vasoconstriction?
Impaired Gas Exchange
What is the most likely cause of loud, high-pitched crowing sound or harsh honking wheeze with severe broncholaryngeal spasm?
Asthma exacerbation
Learn how to interpret different percussion sounds heard through a stethoscope like normal lung tissue, hyperresonance, tympany, dullness, and flatness. Understand the characteristics and possible conditions associated with each sound.
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