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Which of the following is NOT a recommended scenario for HIV testing in children according to the information provided?

Children whose HIV status is unknown

Children born to HIV-positive mothers

Children with a history of blood transfusion (correct)

Children with symptoms consistent with HIV infection

According to the WHO paediatric staging for HIV infection, which of the following symptoms or signs is NOT classified as a Stage 3 condition?

Recurrent severe presumed bacterial infections

Severe failure to thrive

Unexplained persistent diarrhea

Recurrent severe upper respiratory tract infections (correct)

Which of the following statements about HIV antibody tests is CORRECT?

HIV antibody tests detect the presence of the HIV virus itself

HIV antibody tests are not recommended for children born to HIV-positive mothers

HIV antibody tests can reliably diagnose HIV infection in infants younger than 18 months

A positive HIV antibody test result indicates the presence of HIV antibodies, not necessarily active infection (correct)

According to the information provided, which of the following statements about the management of HIV-exposed children is CORRECT?

HIV-exposed children should receive the BCG vaccine at birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential sign or symptom of HIV infection in children, according to the WHO paediatric staging?

Recurrent severe pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which of the following statements about vitamin A supplementation for children is CORRECT?

Vitamin A supplementation should be given to all children every six months from the age of 6 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about serological tests for HIV in children is correct?

Serological tests detect HIV antibodies passed from mother to child, which may persist until 18 months of age. Signup and view all the answers

For an HIV-exposed child less than 18 months old, which test should be used to reliably detect HIV infection?

Virological test (e.g., DNA or RNA PCR) Signup and view all the answers

If an HIV-exposed breastfeeding child under 18 months has a negative virological test result, what does this indicate?

The child may still become infected through breastfeeding. Signup and view all the answers

For an HIV-exposed child aged 18 months or older, what does a positive HIV antibody test result indicate?

The child is definitely infected with HIV. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom or sign of HIV infection in children?

Jaundice Signup and view all the answers

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) paediatric staging for HIV infection, which of the following is NOT a stage 4 (severe) condition?

Oral candidiasis (thrush) Signup and view all the answers

According to the table, for a breastfeeding child with a positive HIV antibody test, what is the recommended management?

Manage as if the child is HIV-exposed and/or infected, and repeat the test at 18 months or once breastfeeding has been discontinued for more than 6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom or sign associated with Stage 2 (Mild Disease) of the WHO Paediatric Staging for HIV Infection?

Unexplained severe acute malnutrition not responding to standard therapy Signup and view all the answers

For a non-breastfeeding child with a negative HIV antibody test, but who has not been breastfed in the last 6 weeks, what is the recommended management?

Manage as if the child is HIV-negative, but repeat the test at 18 months Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom or sign associated with Stage 1 (Asymptomatic) of the WHO Paediatric Staging for HIV Infection?

No symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom or sign associated with Stage 3 (Moderate Disease) of the WHO Paediatric Staging for HIV Infection?

Oral thrush (outside neonatal period) Signup and view all the answers

According to the table, for a non-breastfeeding child with a positive HIV antibody test, what is the recommended management?

Manage as if the child is HIV-exposed and/or infected, and repeat the test at 18 months Signup and view all the answers

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