25 Questions
Which layer of the heart wall is also shared by the pericardial membrane?
Epicardium
What is the function of the pericardium?
To reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures
Where is the heart located within the thoracic cavity?
To the left of the midline
What is the size of the heart?
About the size of a fist
What is the pericardial cavity filled with?
Pericardial fluid
Which layer of the heart wall is composed of cardiac muscle?
Myocardium
Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus?
Right atrium
Which valve prevents blood flowing from the ventricles back into the atria?
Atrioventricular (AV) valve
Which ventricle has thicker walls due to pumping blood throughout the body to locations where the resistance to blood flow is greater?
Left ventricle
Which valve allows the ejection of blood from the heart into the arteries but prevents the back flow of blood into the ventricles?
Semilunar (SL) valve
Which of the following factors determines stroke volume?
Preload
According to the Frank-Starling law of the heart, what happens to the force of contraction during systole when there is a greater preload on cardiac muscle fibers?
It increases
What does the Frank-Starling law of the heart state about the output of the right and left ventricles?
They are equal
Which side of the heart is involved in systemic circulation?
Left side
Which of the following factors influences heart rate?
Autonomic innervation
What is the function of coronary circulation?
Delivers oxygenated blood and nutrients to the myocardium
What is the body's principal mechanism of short-term control over cardiac output and blood pressure?
Changing heart rate
What are the principal arteries branching from the ascending aorta that carry oxygenated blood?
Right and left coronary arteries
What is the role of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the conducting system of the heart?
Slows down the cardiac action potential
What happens when the components of the conduction system are disrupted?
Cardiac rhythm is restored with an artificial pacemaker
Which of the following represents the conduction time from the beginning of atrial excitation to the beginning of ventricular excitation?
S-T segment
What does the S-T segment represent in an electrocardiogram (ECG)?
Time when the ventricular contractile fibers are fully depolarized
What is the first heart sound (lubb) created by?
Turbulence in blood flow caused by the closure of the atrioventricular valves
What does the second heart sound (dupp) represent?
Closing of the semilunar valves
What is cardiac output (CO)?
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle into the aorta each minute
Test your knowledge on interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs) in this quiz. Learn about the different components of a normal ECG and how they correspond to the electrical activity of the heart during a cardiac cycle.
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