Interpreting Clinical Laboratory Values Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal range for Hemoglobin (HgB) in g/dL for adults?

  • 65%
  • 21 g/dL
  • 12-18 g/dL (correct)
  • 37-52%

    • What does Hematocrit (Hct) measure?

  • The iron content in the blood
  • The percentage of total blood volume made up by the RBCs (correct)
  • The number of white blood cells
  • The amount of oxygen in the blood

    • What causes Erythrocytosis?

  • Low RBC production
  • High oxygen levels
  • Normal fluid levels
  • high rbc dehydration (correct)

    • What is the body's response to low oxygen levels in Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

    <p>Stimulate RBC production to increase oxygen carrying capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Erythropenia classified?

    <p>A decreased number of RBCs, Hgb, &amp; Hct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Hemoglobin in RBCs?

    <p>Vehicle for oxygen and carbon dioxide transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Erythrocytosis in the body?

    <p>Increase oxygen carrying capacity within the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Hematocrit levels in severe dehydration?

    <p>Increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on RBC production?

    <p>Stimulates RBC production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen to Erythrocytosis levels with the replacement of fluid?

    <p>Correct and return to normal ranges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classic sign of elevated levels of the substance excreted in bile?

    <p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the waste product of protein digestion that the liver turns into urea nitrogen?

    <p>Ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of albumin in the body?

    <p>Nourishes tissues, maintains osmotic pressure, and transports substances throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causes of low albumin levels?

    <p>Malnutrition and impaired liver function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the total protein lab value determine within the blood?

    <p>The total amount of protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causes of low total protein levels?

    <p>Impaired liver function, fluid overload, and malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is troponin I used to assess in the body?

    <p>Cardiac system presentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lab range for ammonia, a waste product of protein digestion?

    <p>10-80 mcg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lab range is considered normal for albumin, a plasma protein created within the liver?

    <p>3.5-5g/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lab range is considered normal for total protein, which determines the total amount of protein within the blood?

    <p>6.4-8.3 g/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range for white blood cells (Leukocytes) in a clinical laboratory?

    <p>5,000-10,000/mm3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clotting factors do PT 11-12.5 sec and INR 0.8-1.1 measure in the blood?

    <p>Extrinsic and intrinsic clotting cascade pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an elevated BUN may indicate in clinical interpretation?

    <p>Renal disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Neutrophils in the body?

    <p>Killing and digesting bacterial organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range for Platelets (Thrombocytes) in a clinical laboratory?

    <p>150,000-400,000/m3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does PTT evaluate in the clotting mechanism?

    <p>Intrinsic clotting cascade pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do Coagulation studies analyze in the blood?

    <p>Clotting factors including PT, INR, and PTT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Serum creatinine measure in the blood?

    <p>Kidney function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of GFR in clinical interpretation?

    <p>Determining kidney function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do liver function labs include for analysis?

    <p>Liver enzymes such as AST, ALT, ALP, and Bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Thirst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hypovolemia (decreased blood volume)?

    <p>Inadequate intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average adult urine output per day?

    <p>1000mL-2000mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of dehydration?

    <p>Poor skin turgor – skin tenting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may cause loss of fluid from the body?

    <p>Hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does untreated dehydration lead to?

    <p>Decreased organ function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What inhibits the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>High blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the release of ADH?

    <p>Low blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates the thirst mechanism when fluid is lost?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse assess prior to administration of Furosemide (Lasix)?

    <p>Electrolyte levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypervolemia?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign of fluid accumulation in the lungs?

    <p>Decreased oxygen saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse do for edema management?

    <p>Elevate lower extremities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pitting edema grading of 4+ indicate?

    <p>Severe edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of diuretics like Furosemide (Lasix)?

    <p>Promote the excretion of fluids via urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a nurse assess after the administration of Furosemide (Lasix)?

    <p>Urine output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of monitoring daily weight in patients with hypervolemia?

    <p>To track fluid retention or loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential cause of weight gain in hypervolemic patients?

    <p>Fluid accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Interpreting Clinical Laboratory Values

    • Erythropenia is characterized by a reduced number of RBCs, Hgb, & Hct.
    • Platelets (Thrombocytes) range from 150,000-400,000/m3 or 150-400x 10^9/L.
    • White blood cells (Leukocytes) typically range from 5,000-10,000/mm3.
    • Neutrophils are responsible for killing and digesting bacterial organisms.
    • Coagulation studies analyze the clotting factors of blood, including PT, INR, and PTT.
    • PT and INR measure the adequacy of the extrinsic clotting cascade pathway and common pathway in the clotting mechanism.
    • Coumadin (Warfarin) is an anticoagulant that directly affects clotting factors.
    • PTT evaluates the adequacy of the intrinsic clotting cascade pathway and common pathway in the clotting mechanism.
    • Elevated BUN may indicate renal disease or dehydration.
    • Serum creatinine measures the amount of creatinine in the blood and is excreted entirely by the kidneys.
    • The GFR is the rate at which the glomeruli are filtering blood and is used to determine kidney function.
    • Liver function labs include Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), and Bilirubin.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of interpreting clinical laboratory values with this quiz. Explore topics such as erythropenia, platelet count, white blood cells, neutrophils, coagulation studies, BUN, serum creatinine, GFR, and liver function labs including AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin.

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