Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the main purpose of Internet access?
What is the main purpose of Internet access?
- To offer cost-free access to the general public
- To provide free applications like email and World Wide Web
- To sell networking technologies to ISPs
- To provide connectivity between computers and networks (correct)
When did the availability of Internet access to the general public begin?
When did the availability of Internet access to the general public begin?
- Early 1990s (correct)
- Early 2000s
- Late 2000s
- Late 1990s
What percentage of the world's population had Internet access in 1995?
What percentage of the world's population had Internet access in 1995?
- 40 percent
- 80 percent
- 0.04 percent (correct)
- 4 percent
What technology was predominantly used by consumers for Internet access in 1995?
What technology was predominantly used by consumers for Internet access in 1995?
By the first decade of the 21st century, what technology did many consumers in developed nations use for Internet access?
By the first decade of the 21st century, what technology did many consumers in developed nations use for Internet access?
What was the global average connection speed by 2014?
What was the global average connection speed by 2014?
What is the maximum download speed defined as 'Basic Broadband' by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2015?
What is the maximum download speed defined as 'Basic Broadband' by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2015?
Which organization defined broadband service in 1988 as requiring transmission channels capable of supporting bit rates greater than about 1.5 to 2 Mbit/s?
Which organization defined broadband service in 1988 as requiring transmission channels capable of supporting bit rates greater than about 1.5 to 2 Mbit/s?
What is the approximate global internet connection speed as of late June 2016?
What is the approximate global internet connection speed as of late June 2016?
Which technology supports much higher data rates for download than for upload?
Which technology supports much higher data rates for download than for upload?
What type of connection generally requires the dedicated use of a telephone line?
What type of connection generally requires the dedicated use of a telephone line?
Which technology allows smartphones and other digital devices to connect to the Internet from any location from which a mobile phone call can be made?
Which technology allows smartphones and other digital devices to connect to the Internet from any location from which a mobile phone call can be made?
What can boost the effective bit rate for a dial-up modem connection?
What can boost the effective bit rate for a dial-up modem connection?
What is the primary rate range mentioned by the CCITT standards body for broadband service in 1988?
What is the primary rate range mentioned by the CCITT standards body for broadband service in 1988?
What technology enabled full-range Internet services for dial-up users?
What technology enabled full-range Internet services for dial-up users?
What is a critical component in Internet telecommunications infrastructure?
What is a critical component in Internet telecommunications infrastructure?
What technology is originally defined as faster than dial-up and always on?
What technology is originally defined as faster than dial-up and always on?
In the 1990s, what became a public policy issue in the US through the National Information Infrastructure initiative?
In the 1990s, what became a public policy issue in the US through the National Information Infrastructure initiative?
Which technology offers wireless access to computer networks and is referred to as hotspots?
Which technology offers wireless access to computer networks and is referred to as hotspots?
Where is public Internet access available, besides libraries and Internet cafes?
Where is public Internet access available, besides libraries and Internet cafes?
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Study Notes
- The Internet originated from ARPANET, a US government-funded project, which expanded to include most of the world's large universities and tech companies by the late 1980s and opened up to a wider audience in 1995.
- Early Internet access was mainly from personal computers connected to local area networks (LANs) or through dial-up connections using modems and telephone lines. LANs typically provided 10 Mbit/s connection speed, while dial-up rates grew from 1200 bit/s to 56 kbit/s over the decade.
- The introduction of network access servers and protocols (SLIP and PPP) enabled full-range Internet services for dial-up users, though slower due to lower data rates.
- The MOSFET, invented in 1959 and refined with the adoption of laser technology for MOS light wave systems around 1980, is a critical component in Internet telecommunications infrastructure.
- Broadband Internet access, originally defined as faster than dial-up and always on, is enabled by CMOS digital circuits, Ethernet, and NIC expansion cards.
- Broadband covers a wide range of technologies, including DSL, ADSL, cable, fiber-optic, Wi-Fi, satellite, and microwave.
- In the 1990s, broadband became a public policy issue in the US through the National Information Infrastructure initiative.
- By 2000, most home Internet access in the OECD countries was through dial-up, with broadband mostly used by businesses and schools.
- In 2010, over 90% of Internet access in the OECD countries was through broadband, and there were over 300 million broadband subscriptions.
- Public Internet access is available in libraries, Internet cafes, and public places such as airports, coffee shops, and shopping malls.
- Broadband access became increasingly available through mobile technologies, such as 3G and 4G, starting around 2006.
- The terms used for public access terminals include "public Internet kiosk," "public access terminal," and "Web payphone."
- Many hotels offer fee-based Internet access for guests.
- Wireless access to computer networks, referred to as hotspots, is increasingly available for users who bring their own wireless-enabled devices.
- The terms used for wireless access include WiMAX, LTE, and fixed wireless.
- Mobile broadband access is offered to consumers at the level of 3G and 4G technologies.
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