International USAR Response Phases

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Questions and Answers

What should be done if the signals from the perimeter sensors do not increase as they are moved closer to the original strongest sensor?

Continue with the current sensor placements.

Switch to a different searching method entirely.

Turn off the sensors and restart the system.

Reconfigure the sensors and repeat the process. (correct)

In the Grid Method, what must be initiated to detect a response from the victim?

Adjust the sensors manually.

Activate the sensors and listen for responses. (correct)

Ensure all power sources are connected.

Begin the bar graph viewing process.

What does the bar graph indicate when using the Grid Method?

The battery life of the sensors.

The overall strength of the response from the victim. (correct)

The distance of the sensors from the original signal.

The number of sensors activated.

What is the objective of moving the perimeter sensors inward during a technical search?

To identify the location of the victim. Signup and view all the answers

What is an indicator that the sensors are working effectively when using the Single Line Method?

Signals from perimeter sensors should increase as they approach the original sensor. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of offsets in rescue operations?

To alter the fall line of the main line package Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of high angle offset?

Low Angle Tracking Line Signup and view all the answers

Which of these systems primarily aids in changing the direction of a line during operations?

Deflected line Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs correctly identifies types of offsets?

Skate block - Tracking line Signup and view all the answers

Which type of offset is specifically formulated for low-angle rescue situations?

Low Angle Tracking Line Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of a tag line in rescue operations?

To stabilize a load being lifted Signup and view all the answers

Which offset system is characterized by using a pair of ropes to manage tension?

Twin tensioned tracking line Signup and view all the answers

Which line type is used to provide a connection during high-angle rescues?

Tracking line Signup and view all the answers

Which phase is NOT a component of an international USAR response?

Transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the 'Victim Marking' in USAR operations?

Share key information about victims Signup and view all the answers

Which triage category is expected to confirm live victims for less than 12 hours?

Category A Signup and view all the answers

At which ASR level is a Full Search and Rescue conducted?

Level 4 Signup and view all the answers

Which marking is required in USAR operations?

Victim Marking Signup and view all the answers

Which ASR level focuses on rapid search and rescue?

Level 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Cordon Markings in USAR operations?

To restrict access to certain areas Signup and view all the answers

How does the duration of operation for Category C triage differ from other categories?

It does not specify duration Signup and view all the answers

What is the required dimension for a dirty cut to facilitate stretcher movement?

700mm x 700mm Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with re-bars before making a dirty cut?

Chip off concrete to expose them Signup and view all the answers

How far should re-bars be cut from the edge in a dirty cut technique?

6 inches Signup and view all the answers

What diameter drill bit is used when performing a clean cut?

15mm Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the clean cut technique?

Mark the area of concrete to cut Signup and view all the answers

What tool is used to connect the anchor bolt to the tripod during the clean cut process?

A RALF Signup and view all the answers

During a clean cut, what should be done periodically while cutting?

Spray the blade to reduce dust Signup and view all the answers

What should happen to the triangle slab after it is cut in the clean cut technique?

It should be dislodged and lifted off Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in constructing a Dead Shore?

Use 4 x (4” x 4”) to erect 2 x vertical posts and 2 x horizontal beams Signup and view all the answers

What materials are used to wedge the vertical posts in a Dead Shore construction?

2 x (4” x 2” x 12”) Signup and view all the answers

How many gussets are needed for the construction of a Dead Shore?

4 Signup and view all the answers

In the fabrication of a Lace Post, what primarily secures the vertical posts?

1 x ½” gusset plywood (6” x 12”) Signup and view all the answers

How many vertical posts are required for each V-2 set in the Lace Post construction?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which component is used as a top diagonal brace in a Lace Post?

1 x (4” x 2”) Signup and view all the answers

What is the dimension of the plywood gussets used in the Dead Shore setup?

6” x 12” Signup and view all the answers

Which step is taken after erecting the vertical posts in a Dead Shore?

Wedge the vertical posts Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the horizontal brace in both Dead Shore and Lace Post constructions?

Secures the structure horizontally Signup and view all the answers

Which component is not mentioned as part of the Dead Shore assembly?

Baseplate Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

International USAR Response Cycle

Comprises multiple phases to guide deployment during disasters.

Five Components of USAR

Management
Search
Rescue
Medical
Logistics

ASR Levels for Assessment, Search, and Rescue

Level 1: Wide Area Assessment
Level 2: Worksite Triage Assessment
Level 3: Rapid Search and Rescue
Level 4: Full Search and Rescue
Level 5: Total Coverage Search and Recovery

Triage Categories

Category A: Confirm Live (Operation less than 12 hours)
Category B: Confirm Live (Operation longer than 12 hours)
Category C: Possible Live (Not assessed)
Category D: Deceased Only (Not assessed)

INSARAG Marking

Used in USAR operations for key information sharing.
Includes General Area Marking, Structure Orientation, Cordon Markings, Worksite Triage Marking (required), Victim Marking (required), RCM (optional).

Offset Techniques in High Angle Rescue

Useful for navigating obstacles.
Types include 2 Rope System, Deflected Line, Guiding Line, Tag Line, Tracking Line, and Twin Tensioned Tracking Line.

Low Angle Offset Types

Low Angle Tracking Line
4-Men Bearer Low Angle Rescue

Technical Search Methods

Single Line Method: Adjust perimeter sensors towards the strongest signal.
Grid Method: Use sensors to initiate communication and identify the strongest signal response.

Concrete Breaching Techniques

Dirty Cut:
- Cut dimensions of 700mm x 700mm.
- Expose re-bars and cut them while leaving 6 inches clearance.
Clean Cut:
- Drill a 15mm hole and secure a tripod for cutting.
- Lift off the slab once dislodged.

Shoring Techniques

Dead Shore:
- Erect vertical posts and horizontal beams using specified dimensions.
Lace Post:
- Fabricate V-2 sets using vertical posts, gusset plywood, horizontal and diagonal braces for structural support.

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Description

This quiz covers the various phases of the international Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) response cycle, as well as the five components involved in effective disaster management. Test your knowledge on the management, search, and rescue procedures that form the backbone of USAR operations. Perfect for those interested in emergency response and disaster management.