G7 Term 1 IS
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a unit of length?

  • mm
  • km
  • cm
  • m² (correct)

    • Kilometre (km) is the most suitable unit for measuring the height of a building.

    False

    What is the name of the curved surface of liquid in a measuring cylinder?

    meniscus

    0.35 kg is equal to ______ grams.

    <p>350</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following instruments with their primary usage:

    <p>Top pan balance = Weighing substances Coloured alcohol thermometer = Measuring temperature Stopwatch = Measuring time Electronic balance = Precise measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instrument is used to measure temperature?

    <p>Thermometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A measuring cylinder is used to measure mass.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the conversion of 1 kilogram to grams?

    <p>1000 grams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The instrument used for measuring time is a ______.

    <p>stopwatch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following quantities with their respective instruments:

    <p>Mass = Electronic balance Time = Clock Volume = Measuring cylinder Length = Metre rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate relative error?

    <p>Random error / Measured value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Random error always shifts measurements in one direction only.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is random error estimated using the scale of a measuring apparatus?

    <p>By dividing the smallest scale of the apparatus by 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The percentage error is calculated using the formula: (_____ / Measured value) × 100%.

    <p>Random error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Random error = Error caused by poor sensitivity of measuring apparatus Relative error = Ratio of random error to measured value Percentage error = Relative error expressed as a percentage Calculating random error = Dividing smallest scale of apparatus by 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of repeating an experiment?

    <p>It helps to cancel out random errors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Single measurements are always more accurate than averaged measurements.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you calculate the average value from multiple data points?

    <p>Add all the data points together and divide by the number of points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To find the average value, you sum the data points and divide by the number of ______.

    <p>trials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following trials with their respective data values:

    <p>Trial 1 = 27.45 s Trial 2 = 26.75 s Trial 3 = 27.85 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for temperature using a thermometer?

    <p>Degrees Celsius (°C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An electronic balance is used to measure temperature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when reading a measuring cylinder?

    <p>Position your eyes at the same level as the bottom of the meniscus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The instrument used to measure time is called a ______.

    <p>stopwatch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each instrument with its corresponding measurement:

    <p>Electronic balance = Mass Colored alcohol thermometer = Temperature Stopwatch = Time Ruler = Length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the SI unit for mass?

    <p>kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The prefix 'milli' represents a factor of 100.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What instrument is used to measure volume in millilitres?

    <p>measuring cylinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The SI derived unit for energy is the _____ and its symbol is _____.

    <p>joule, J</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following base quantities with their respective SI base units:

    <p>Length = meter (m) Mass = kilogram (kg) Electric current = ampere (A) Thermodynamic temperature = kelvin (K)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of systematic error?

    <p>Poor design of experiments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parallax error occurs when the scale is read from an angle that is not perpendicular to the measuring apparatus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is zero error?

    <p>A non-zero reading when a zero reading is expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a ruler reads 6.5 cm instead of 6.0 cm when not in use, the zero error is _____ cm.

    <p>0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of errors with their descriptions:

    <p>Systematic Error = Shifts all measurements in the same direction Parallax Error = Occurs from improper viewing angle Zero Error = Shows a non-zero reading when it should be zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two fixed points used for marking a thermometer?

    <p>Melting ice and boiling water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parallax error can be avoided by reading the ammeter from above the pointer.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pointer's position on a thermometer when placed in a medium with a specific temperature?

    <p>The pointer's position changes to indicate the temperature of that medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The equation to find temperature is T = \frac{L_T}{L_{100}} \times ___

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the thermometer with their functions:

    <p>Pointer = Indicates the temperature reading Scale = Divides temperature into intervals Bulb = Holds the liquid that expands and contracts Tube = Allows the liquid to rise or fall based on temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does the length of the thread equal 7.2 cm according to the example?

    <p>30°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many equal intervals are there between the two fixed points on a thermometer?

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ammeter measures temperature.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    International System of Units (SI)

    • SI base units are the fundamental units of measurement for seven base quantities: length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.
    • SI prefixes are used to denote multiples and submultiples of SI units.
    • SI derived units are derived from the SI base units. They are used to measure quantities such as frequency, force, pressure, energy, power, electric charge, electric potential, electric resistance, and Celsius temperature.

    Units and Conversions (Length)

    • Millimetre (mm): Small units suitable for measuring small objects.
    • Centimetre (cm): 1 cm = 10 mm. Commonly used for measuring everyday items.
    • Metre (m): 1 m = 100 cm. Used for measuring larger distances.
    • Kilometre (km): 1 km = 1000 m. Used for measuring long distances.

    Units and Conversions (Volume)

    • Millilitre (mL): Small units suitable for measuring liquid volume (1 mL = 1 cm³).
    • Cubic centimetre (cm³): Also used for measuring liquid volume (1 cm³ = 1 mL).
    • Litre (L): 1 L = 1000 mL. Used for measuring larger liquid volumes.
    • Cubic metre (m³): 1 m³ = 1000 L. Used for measuring very large volumes.

    Instruments for Measurement

    • Length: Half-metre rule, metre rule, and measuring tape.
    • Volume: Measuring cylinder.
    • Mass: Electronic balance, spring balance, lever balance, triple beam balance, top pan balance, bathroom scale.
    • Temperature: Thermometer (colored alcohol or mercury).
    • Time: Stopwatch, watch, clock.
    • Electric current: Ammeter.

    Errors in Measurement

    • Random error arises from the limitations of measuring instruments and/or the difficulty of precise measurements. It can be minimized by repeating measurements and calculating the average.
    • Systematic error arises from faulty equipment or design flaws in the measurement process. It affects all measurements in the same direction, either always higher or always lower than the actual value.
    • Parallax error occurs when the observer does not look at the measuring instrument perpendicular to the scale. It can be minimized by looking perpendicular to the scale.
    • Zero error occurs when the measuring instrument does not read zero when it should. It can be corrected by adjusting the zero point.

    Thermometer Marking

    • Two fixed points, melting ice (0°C) and boiling water (100°C), are marked on the thermometer.
    • The space between these points is divided into 100 equal intervals, each representing 1°C.
    • The position of the liquid level in the thermometer indicates the temperature.
    • Formula to calculate the temperature: T = (L_T / L_100) * 100
      • Where:
        • T = unknown temperature
        • L_T = length of the thermometer's thread at the unknown temperature
        • L_100 = length of the thermometer's thread at 100°C

    Finding the Average Value

    • Repeating an experiment multiple times reduces the impact of random errors and provides a more accurate estimate of the true value.
    • The average is calculated by summing the measurements and dividing by the number of measurements.

    Accurate Readings

    • Ruler: Read the scale vertically above the object being measured.
    • Measuring Cylinder: Position your eyes at the level of the meniscus, the bottom of the curved liquid surface.
    • Thermometer: Position your eyes at the level of the liquid inside the thermometer.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the International System of Units (SI), including base units, prefixes, and derived units. This quiz covers essential units of measurement such as length and volume, along with conversions between them. Perfect for students and professionals alike!

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