International Relations: Environmental Kuznets Curve

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What is the relationship between environmental quality and economic development according to the environmental Kuznets curve?

Environmental quality is unrelated to economic growth

Environmental degradation decreases as economic growth occurs

Environmental degradation improves as economic growth occurs

Environmental quality worsens as economic growth occurs until a certain income level is reached (correct)

What is humanitarian assistance comparable to?

Environmental aid

Economic development

Multilateral aid

Bilateral aid (correct)

What is a characteristic of multilateral aid?

It is provided by a single international organization

It is used for environmental aid only

It is provided by a single government

It is provided by many governments (correct)

What was the approximate magnitude of the earthquake that triggered a tsunami in the Indian Ocean?

9.0 magnitude Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the environmental Kuznets curve?

Economic growth can lead to environmental improvement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of humanitarian assistance?

To provide targeted and shorter-term aid in emergency situations Signup and view all the answers

Which organization determines the classification of countries as Part I or Part II for aid purposes?

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Marshall Plan?

To stimulate the European economy after World War II Signup and view all the answers

What type of aid funded the construction of the SRP Tunnel?

Bilateral aid from Japan Signup and view all the answers

Who signed the Economic Recovery Act of 1948?

President Truman Signup and view all the answers

What was the inspiration for the Cebu Bus Rapid Transit (CBRT) system?

Colombia's public transportation system Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary source of funding for the Mactan-Cebu Airport?

Both bilateral and multilateral aid Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary basis for classifying countries into two groups?

GDP/national income Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Official Development Assistance (ODA)?

To promote economic development in Part I countries Signup and view all the answers

Which type of foreign aid typically involves the purchase of arms or signing of defense contracts?

Military aid Signup and view all the answers

What is the target percentage of national income for Official Development Assistance (ODA) set by the United Nations?

0.7% of national income Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Official Development Assistance (ODA) and Official Aid?

ODA is for Part I countries, while Official Aid is for Part II countries Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the social welfare program that provides Conditional Cash Transfers (CCT)?

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the neoliberal policy prescription of the IMF/World Bank under Market Liberalization on domestic industries and market?

They were overwhelmed and became obsolete Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition for Japan ODA in the Philippines?

Only Japan companies or contractors can initiate Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness?

To discourage conditional aid Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the IMF/World Bank policy prescription on the recipient countries?

They admitted to disastrous policy prescriptions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the initiatives undertaken to discourage aid conditionalities?

To improve aid effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What do developing countries set according to the Principles on Aid Effectiveness?

Their own development strategies Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are developed countries committed to giving to developing countries as a form of ODA?

0.7% Signup and view all the answers

What was the original purpose of Japan's ODA to certain countries in Asia?

Mandatory monetary reparation Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the reasons why technology transfer is important for a country's economy?

It provides physical capital for growth Signup and view all the answers

Which country recently topped Japan in terms of ODA to the Philippines?

United States Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of skills transfer, as mentioned in the text?

Training countries to avoid money laundering Signup and view all the answers

What was the model for the modern practice of aid-giving, as mentioned in the text?

The Marshall Plan Signup and view all the answers