International Law Overview Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which source of international law is defined as establishing rules expressly recognized by contesting states?

  • General principles of law
  • International conventions (correct)
  • Judicial decisions
  • International custom

    • What is recognized as evidence of a general practice accepted as law?

  • Judicial decisions
  • International custom (correct)
  • International conventions
  • General principles of law

    • Which of the following is NOT considered a source of international law?

  • Judicial decisions
  • National statutes (correct)
  • General principles of law
  • International conventions

    • Judicial decisions are categorized as which type of source of international law?

    <p>Subsidiary means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category includes principles recognized by civilizations that are considered foundational to law?

    <p>General principles of law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The teachings of highly qualified publicists are used as which type of source in international law?

    <p>Subsidiary means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sources of international law would most likely be influenced by changes in societal norms?

    <p>International custom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source of international law primarily concerns the established practices of states?

    <p>International custom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle emphasizes the need for states to coexist peacefully as neighbors?

    <p>Practice of tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following principles states that armed force should only be used in a common interest?

    <p>Common interest clause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many permanent members are there in the UN Security Council?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does every state possess under international law according to the principles outlined?

    <p>Sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which UN body is responsible for maintaining international peace and security?

    <p>Security Council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial obligation of states under international law?

    <p>To carry out international obligations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which council consists of 193 members?

    <p>General Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is not included in the sovereignty of states?

    <p>Common defense agreements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body consists of 54 members focused on social and economic issues?

    <p>Economic and Social Council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the International Court of Justice?

    <p>To settle legal disputes between states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'jus ad bellum' specifically refer to?

    <p>Conditions under which states may resort to war.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which article of the UN Charter outlines the prohibition of force against states?

    <p>Article 2(4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not an exception to the prohibition of force under the UN Charter?

    <p>Preemptive strikes against potential threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of 'jus in bello'?

    <p>The laws governing wartime conduct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements aligns with Article 2 of the UN Charter?

    <p>Force may only be used in self-defense against an armed attack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under Article 51 of the UN Charter, which right is preserved?

    <p>The inherent right of self-defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario is a valid instance of 'jus ad bellum'?

    <p>Defending against a direct military attack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical timeframe for the General Assembly's annual meeting?

    <p>Late September to early January</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often does the General Assembly convene special sessions?

    <p>Every few years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the authority to accredit national delegations as members of the UN?

    <p>General Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many member states are elected to the Economic and Social Council?

    <p>Fifty-four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term length for member states elected to the Economic and Social Council?

    <p>Three years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a role of the General Assembly?

    <p>Setting international economic policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity is responsible for electing members to the Economic and Social Council?

    <p>General Assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the types of sessions the General Assembly holds?

    <p>Regular annual sessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following former UN Secretary-Generals served before António Guterres?

    <p>Kofi Annan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what capacity does the Economic and Social Council operate within the UN framework?

    <p>It addresses economic and social issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What response prompted the adoption of the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution?

    <p>Soviet Union's vetoes in the Security Council during the Korean War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action can Member States take according to the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution when the Security Council fails to act?

    <p>Request the General Assembly to convene an emergency session</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During an emergency session convened under the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution, what can the General Assembly recommend?

    <p>Collective measures including ceasefires or armed force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution adopted?

    <p>1950</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which General Assembly Resolution number corresponds to the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution?

    <p>Resolution 377A(V)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible measure that the General Assembly might recommend during an emergency session?

    <p>Collective military actions if deemed necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant international issue triggered the discussions leading to the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution?

    <p>The Cold War dynamics between the US and USSR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution?

    <p>To allow the General Assembly to act when the Security Council cannot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important limitation of the resolutions passed by the General Assembly under the 'Uniting for Peace' framework?

    <p>They cannot impose binding resolutions on member states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the historical contexts influencing the 'Uniting for Peace' Resolution's adoption?

    <p>Conflicts such as the Korean War and the increasing power of the Soviet Union</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    International Law Overview

    • International law encompasses rules and principles governing relations between states.
    • Key sources of international law include international conventions, custom, and general principles of law.
    • The UN Charter outlines principles like state equality, sovereignty, and the obligation to fulfill international obligations.

    UN Charter Principles

    • States are equal under international law.
    • States have full sovereignty.
    • States have full independence and territorial integrity.
    • States should carry out their international obligations.

    UN Bodies

    • Security Council (15 members): Primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security.
    • General Assembly (193 members): Controls finances of UN programs and operations, including peacekeeping.
    • Economic and Social Council (54 members): Deals with economic and social issues.
    • Secretariat (Secretary-General + 7500 staff): Administrative arm of the UN.
    • International Court of Justice (15 Judges): Settles legal disputes between states.
    • Trusteeship Council: Suspended operations since 1994.

    UN Personnel

    • Personnel numbers fluctuate, reaching highs in recent years (chart provided).

    UN System Structure

    • The UN system includes principal organs, subsidiary bodies, funds, programs, related organizations, specialized agencies (chart on page 8).

    Security Council Members

    • 15 members in total: 5 permanent (China, France, Russia, UK, USA) with veto power.
    • 10 non-permanent members with 2-year terms.

    Security Council Responsibilities

    • Primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security.
    • Makes decisions that member states are obligated to implement

    Security Council Resolutions

    • Chapter VI of the UN Charter: Pacific Settlement of Disputes.
    • Chapter VII of the UN Charter: Punitive measures against threats to international peace and security.

    Article 51 - UN Charter

    • Nothing in the UN Charter impairs the inherent right of self-defense (individual or collective) if an armed attack occurs.

    Proposed Security Council Changes

    • Possible changes to the Security Council structure (representation for Japan, Germany, India, Islamic countries, and Latin America/Africa) could require approval from permanent members.

    The General Assembly

    • Comprised of 193 countries, plus observer states (Palestine, Vatican).
    • Central role in setting UN policies and finances.

    General Assembly Vetoes

    • Various topics generating vetoes over time in the General Assembly.
    • Detailed topics and numbers of vetoes provided.

    "Uniting for Peace" Resolution

    • Adopted in 1950 to respond to Soviet Union vetoes during the Korean War.
    • Allows emergency sessions, enabling the General Assembly to take action if the Security Council fails to maintain international peace and security.

    UN Economic and Social Council

    • Fifty-four member states, elected by the General Assembly for three-year terms

    UN Secretary-Generals

    • Individuals who head the UN Secretariat (photographs).

    The Secretariat

    • Administrative body led by the Secretary-General and supporting UN activities.

    UN Budget

    • Individual and aggregate budgets for various UN functions, including regular budget and peace-keeping budget(numerical data).

    United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982)

    • Defines maritime zones and associated rights and responsibilities for states concerning the ocean (graphic).

    Right of Innocent Passage

    • Passage through a state's territorial waters is considered innocent as long as it doesn't harm the coastal state's peace, good order, or security.

    Territorial Waters

    • Extend from the baseline to a limit not exceeding 12 nautical miles.
    • Sovereignty and jurisdiction over these waters (including seabed and subsoil, airspace).

    Contiguous Zone

    • Extends up to 24nm from the territorial sea baseline.
    • Enforces laws within the zone (such as preventing criminals)

    Exclusive Economic Zone

    • Extends 200 nautical miles from the baseline.
    • Grants exclusive rights to the coastal state to exploit or conserve resources within the water or the seabed.

    Other UN Laws and Policies

    • Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT): Agreements establishing rules for countries with and without nuclear weapons.
    • Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW): Prohibits the development, testing, production, stockpiling, use, and threat of nuclear weapons.
    • International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): UN agency (in Vienna, Austria) responsible for verifying compliance with nuclear non-proliferation agreements.
    • Laws of War: Jus ad bellum (conditions of war), Jus in bello (conduct during war).
    • Is the use of nuclear weapons legal?: Extensive material on this multifaceted topic, including court decisions, factors and reasoning.

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    International Law - Fall 2024 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the principles and sources of international law, including the significance of the UN Charter. This quiz will challenge your understanding of state sovereignty, equality under international law, and the roles of various UN bodies in maintaining global order.

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