International Development Concepts Quiz

The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among people, organizations, and nations around the globe.

The exchange of goods and services, often involving bartering, between individuals or communities.

Countries expanding their influence and power through exploration, colonization, and trade.

The forced transportation of people from one country to another for labor, often under harsh conditions.

A pattern of trade involving three regions, often with a focus on a specific resource or good.

The use of technology to improve warfare, transportation, and production, leading to increased global interaction.

The integration of local and national economies into a global market, often with minimal regulation.

The process of nations becoming more interconnected and interdependent, with a focus on modern nation-states.

The unequal distribution of resources, where the North (developed countries) controls a disproportionate share of global wealth while the South (developing countries) faces resource scarcity despite having a larger population.

A field of study focused on improving the well-being of people in developing countries, addressing issues such as poverty, inequality, and lack of access to essential services.

Modernization theory suggests that developing countries can achieve economic progress by adopting the institutions, technologies, and values of developed nations. It emphasizes the role of industrialization, economic growth, and democratic governance.

A set of internationally agreed-upon goals aimed at achieving a better and more sustainable future for all. They address a range of issues, including poverty, hunger, health, education, and environmental protection.

A set of eight internationally agreed-upon goals established in 2000 to reduce extreme poverty and improve living conditions by 2015. They covered areas such as poverty, hunger, education, and maternal health.

The contemporary world system is characterized by nation-states as the dominant political entities. Earlier forms of governance like kingdoms and empires have been replaced by the modern state system.

A key aspect of the contemporary international system is the interconnectedness and interdependence of nations across various dimensions of human activity, including social, economic, political, technological, and environmental aspects.

Modernisation theory explains how countries transition from traditional societies to modern ones, analyzing the factors influencing development.

Modernisation theory emerged during the late 1940s after many developing countries, despite exposure to capitalism, failed to achieve economic growth.

Modernisation theory aimed to understand why developing countries remained underdeveloped, focusing on factors hindering their progress. It also proposed using capitalism and Western values to stimulate modernization.

Modernisation theorists believe that cultural and economic barriers within developing countries prevent them from progressing. They perceive Western culture as superior and a key factor in its development.

Modernisation Theory argues that developing countries are lagging behind due to their own internal constraints. They prioritize the adoption of Western values and capitalist models as the path to modernization.

A model of societal development where societies advance from 'pre-modern' to 'modern' states, marked by progress in areas like technology, economy, and social structure.

A criticism of modernization theory, stating that it imposes Western values and ignores the diverse paths of development in different cultures.

An alternative model of development that criticizes Western-centric views and emphasizes self-reliance and indigenous solutions.

A development approach that emphasizes economic growth, industrialization, and modernization to achieve progress.

An approach to development that emphasizes social equity, environmental sustainability, and human well-being.

A theory that argues developing countries are trapped in a cycle of dependency on developed nations through unequal trade and economic relationships.

A model of development focused on promoting self-reliance, strengthening local institutions, and promoting sustainable development.

The initial stage of development, characterised by a traditional, largely agrarian society with limited technology.

The stage where Western aid packages introduce Western values, practices, and expertise into a society, improving agriculture, infrastructure, and industry. This sets the stage for attracting more investment.

The stage where a society experiences economic growth, modern practices become the norm, profits are reinvested, and a new entrepreneurial class emerges. The country moves from a subsistence economy to exporting goods.

The stage where further economic growth and investment in education, media, and birth control occur. The population recognizes new opportunities and strives to improve their lives.

The final stage where economic growth, production, and consumption reach levels comparable to Western countries.

Rostow's theory suggests that education plays a crucial role in development by introducing Western values such as universalism, individualism, competition, and achievement.

Inkeles believed that media is essential in spreading non-traditional ideas, such as family planning and democratic principles, contributing to societal change.

Hoselitz believed that urbanisation accelerates the spread of new ideas and contributes to development by bringing people closer together.

A theory that suggests economic development occurs in stages, starting with a traditional stage and progressing through stages of preconditions for takeoff, takeoff, drive to maturity, and finally, high mass consumption.

This stage involves major changes in non-industrial sectors, with increased raw material exports, a new business class, and the spread of economic progress ideas.

Characterized by rapid growth in investment and output per capita, accompanied by significant changes in production techniques.

Growth spreads from leading sectors to others, with the wider adoption of modern technology and social transformation.

Characterized by high levels of national income and prioritizing private consumption, indicating a highly developed economy.

A theory emphasizing the importance of a large initial investment to trigger economic takeoff. It suggests that a significant push is needed to overcome barriers to growth.

This theory criticizes the fixed, predetermined stages of development, arguing that it's difficult to predict which societies will progress and why.

This criticism focuses on the assumption that all societies follow the same linear path to development, ignoring the unique circumstances and experiences of different cultures.