International Business and Trade Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of international trade?

  • Establishing factories abroad
  • Investing in foreign markets
  • Managing business operations across countries
  • Exchange of goods and services between countries (correct)
  • International business is limited to the exchange of goods and services between countries.

    False (B)

    What activities are included in international business?

    Buying, selling, investing, and producing across national borders.

    International business has a __________ scope compared to international trade.

    <p>broader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects with international business or international trade:

    <p>Scope = Broader, includes various cross-border activities Focus = Exchange of goods and services Complexity = More complex, requires extensive knowledge Activities = Buying and selling goods/services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for engaging in international trade?

    <p>Creating joint ventures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International trade can lead to increased consumer welfare.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International trade helps in bringing __________ products home to the consumer.

    <p>cheaper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'equilibrium' refer to in economics?

    <p>A point where supply equals demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scarcity exists because human wants are greater than the available resources.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one determinant of demand.

    <p>Change in number of buyers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The next best alternative that is foregone when a choice is made is known as the ______.

    <p>opportunity cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the economic activities with their definitions:

    <p>Production = Transformation of inputs into finished goods Distribution = Process of allocating commodities among resource owners Exchange = Transfer of money or trading products Consumption = Utilization of goods and services by consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a determinant of supply?

    <p>Change in technology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An increase in taxes will typically lead to a decrease in the cost of products.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two fundamental economic problems?

    <p>Scarcity and choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Immobility of Factors' refer to in international business?

    <p>Difficulty in transferring production factors across borders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Developed countries dominate international business activities due to their advanced technology and financial resources.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one example of how international business benefits participating countries?

    <p>Access to better goods and services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Global markets are characterized by _____ competition, driving businesses to innovate.

    <p>keen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following companies with their respective industries:

    <p>Pfizer = Pharmaceuticals BMW = Automobiles Nike = Sporting Goods Coca-Cola = Beverages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example illustrates the integration of economies through international business?

    <p>The production process of the iPhone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of heterogeneous markets suggests that consumer preferences are uniform across different countries.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give an example of a competitive global market.

    <p>Coca-Cola vs. Pepsi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of international trade that helps with cash-flow management?

    <p>Easier cash-flow management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International trade can help companies avoid intense local competition.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one disadvantage of international trade.

    <p>High shipping costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International trade allows businesses to focus on producing goods they excel at, leading to greater _____ .

    <p>efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which advantage of international trade involves improving a company's reputation?

    <p>Enhanced reputation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All businesses benefit equally from favorable currency exchange rates.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can international markets help with surplus goods?

    <p>Sell excess inventory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following advantages of international trade with their descriptions:

    <p>Increased revenues = Expands the customer base Decreased competition = Less saturated markets Longer product lifespan = Sell in markets with existing demand Better risk management = Less impacted by downturns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one advantage of international expansion for businesses?

    <p>Access to a diverse pool of talent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Operating internationally makes businesses more attractive to foreign investors.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one disadvantage of expanding into international markets.

    <p>Foreign rules and regulations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Global operations make businesses less vulnerable to __________ in a single region.

    <p>short-term trends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the disadvantage of international expansion to its description:

    <p>Foreign Rules and Regulations = Navigating complex legal systems Language Barriers = Issues with communication Logistics Management = Challenges in supply chain administration Currency Fluctuations = Impact on profit margins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can improve consumer confidence on an international scale?

    <p>A strong international presence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Expanding globally always lowers costs for businesses.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact do political instabilities have on international operations?

    <p>They can disrupt business operations and lead to significant losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does technology play in international business?

    <p>Improves efficiency, communication, and logistics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    International business is unaffected by political and economic changes.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one tool that facilitates communication among international teams.

    <p>Video conferencing tools like Zoom or Microsoft Teams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The removal of trade barriers can be seen in the creation of _____ like ASEAN.

    <p>trading blocs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disadvantage of international business expansion?

    <p>Increased exposure to political risks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Artificial Intelligence = Used to ease transactions and delivery processes. Trade Barriers = Regulations that restrict international trade. Currency Fluctuations = Changes in the value of one currency against another. Free Trade Agreements = Agreements that reduce or eliminate tariffs between countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do international restrictions affect imported products?

    <p>By imposing additional taxes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Operating in multiple countries carries no risk for businesses.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    International Trade

    The exchange of goods and services between countries, involving exports and imports.

    Exports

    Selling goods or services to other countries.

    Imports

    Buying goods or services from other countries.

    International Business

    Business activities across national borders, including trade, investments, and joint ventures.

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    Differences in Scope

    International business is broader than international trade, including various cross-border activities.

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    Complexity of International Business

    International business requires knowledge of foreign markets, cultures, and legal systems.

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    Economic Growth from Trade

    International trade promotes market expansion, competition, and consumer welfare.

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    Reason for International Trade

    Countries engage in trade to access goods, services, and competitive pricing not available domestically.

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    Increased revenues

    Selling to international markets expands customer base, leading to higher sales.

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    Decreased competition

    Expanding internationally allows businesses to escape intense local competition.

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    Longer product lifespan

    International trade allows selling in markets with ongoing demand even if local demand decreases.

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    Easier cash-flow management

    Exporting helps maintain consistent sales throughout the year by tapping into different economies' cycles.

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    Better risk management

    Distributing exports across multiple countries reduces impact if one market faces economic issues.

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    Benefiting from currency exchange

    Companies can leverage favorable currency exchange rates when exporting goods.

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    Access to export financing

    Governments and institutions provide support for exporters, like loans or grants.

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    Enhanced reputation

    Being a global player improves credibility and attracts customers and investors.

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    Accessing New Talent

    International expansion allows access to diverse skills and perspectives enhancing business.

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    Brand Amplification

    Entering foreign markets increases global brand recognition and credibility.

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    Foreign Investment Attraction

    International operations make businesses more appealing to foreign investors.

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    Cost Reduction Benefits

    Expanding globally can lower costs through cheaper materials or labor.

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    Market Stability

    Global operations reduce vulnerability to regional market trends or shifts.

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    Communication Challenges

    Language barriers can cause misunderstandings in international business.

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    Logistical Complexity

    Managing international supply chains involves challenges like customs and transportation costs.

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    Currency Fluctuation Risk

    Exchange rate volatility can impact profits and create financial unpredictability.

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    Equilibrium

    The point where supply equals demand, balancing sellers and buyers.

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    Demand Curve Determinants

    Factors that shift the demand curve including expectations, number of buyers, related goods, income, and consumer confidence.

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    Scarcity

    The economic problem of limited resources versus unlimited human wants.

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    Opportunity Cost

    The next best alternative given up when a decision is made.

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    Economic Activities

    Four key activities: production, distribution, exchange, and consumption.

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    Supply Determinants

    Factors influencing supply such as number of sellers, production costs, technology, expectations, and taxes/subsidies.

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    Production

    The process of transforming inputs into finished goods.

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    Distribution

    Systematic allocation of goods and income among resource owners.

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    Immobility of Factors

    Factors of production are not easily transferable across borders due to legal, cultural, and economic barriers.

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    Heterogeneous Markets

    International markets exhibit diverse consumer preferences and income levels, requiring product adaptations.

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    Integration of Economies

    International business connects nations by reducing trade barriers and aligning monetary policies.

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    Dominated by Developed Countries

    Developed nations lead in international business due to superior technology and resources.

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    Beneficial to Participating Countries

    Countries involved in international business gain access to better goods, technology, and jobs.

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    Keen Competition

    Global markets are fiercely competitive, driving innovation as businesses strive for market share.

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    Legal Barriers

    Restrictions imposed by governments that hinder the transfer of factors across borders.

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    Economic Interdependence

    Nations rely on each other economically for trade, investments, and resources.

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    Role of Science and Technology

    Advances in technology improve efficiency and communication in international business.

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    Artificial Intelligence in Business

    AI, like Shoppee's use, streamlines online transactions and delivery.

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    Global Connectivity Tools

    Tools like Zoom enable seamless communication among international teams.

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    International Restrictions

    Governments impose regulations that protect domestic industries, like taxes on imports.

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    Sensitivity in International Business

    Business is sensitive to political, economic, and social changes, impacting operations.

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    Foreign Trade Policies

    Different countries have unique trade policies and currencies affecting profitability.

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    Trading Blocs

    Groups like ASEAN reduce trade barriers between member countries.

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    Advantages of International Expansion

    Access to new customers and risk diversification are key benefits.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction to International Business and Trade

    • The module is titled Introduction to International Business and Trade, CAE 323.
    • It is offered by the City of Malabon University.

    International Business & Trade

    • International Trade: Focuses on the exchange of goods and services between countries. Includes Exports (selling goods/services abroad) and Imports (buying goods/services from other countries).
    • International Business: All business activities and transactions that occur across national borders. Includes not only trade but also establishing factories, offices, and partnerships in foreign countries.

    Difference Between International Business and International Trade

    • Scope: International Business is broader, encompassing trade, investments, joint ventures, and cross-border activities. International Trade is narrower, focused only on the exchange of goods and services.
    • Focus: International Business focuses on managing business operations across countries. International Trade focuses solely on importing and exporting.
    • Involves: International Business involves activities like franchising, licensing, foreign direct investment, and partnerships. International Trade involves buying (importing) and selling (exporting) goods/services.
    • Complexity: International Business is more complex, requiring knowledge of foreign markets, cultures, and legal systems. International Trade is less complex, primarily concerning trade laws and international agreements.

    International Trade

    • International trade expands markets for countries.
    • It exposes countries to goods and services not domestically available.
    • Increased competition lowers prices for consumers.
    • International trade drives economic growth, progress, consumer welfare through lower prices and wider variety of products.

    Reasons of International Trade

    • Reduced Dependence on Local Market: Diversifying market base decreases reliance on limited markets.
    • Increased Chances of Success: Accessing wider markets and higher demand regions increases likelihood of success for business.
    • Increased Efficiency: Global competition pushes businesses to optimize costs and product quality.
    • Increased Productivity: Focus on producing goods/services most efficiently through specialization leads to increased productivity.
    • Economic Advantage: Countries leverage comparative and absolute advantages by specializing in production areas and trading for other needs.

    Reason of International Trade (continued)

    • Innovation: Exposure to new ideas and technologies boost innovation.
    • Growth: Access to global markets stimulates economic growth by increasing export revenue and attracting foreign investment.
    • Uneven Distribution of Resources: Addresses global imbalances by allowing countries to access goods and resources not available locally.
    • Division of Labor and Specialization: Countries and businesses specialize in areas of excellence, increasing output efficiency and decreasing production costs.

    Advantages of International Trade

    • Increased Revenues: Expanding to international markets increases sales and revenue.
    • Decreased Competition: Entering new markets allows businesses to escape from intense local competition.
    • Longer Product Lifespan: Extending product reach to international markets extends product lifespans even if local demand falters.
    • Easier Cash Flow: Exporting to varied countries throughout different economic cycles improves consistent cash flow.
    • Better Risk Management: Diversification across multiple markets minimizes risk from economic downturns in specific regions.

    Advantages of International Trade (continued)

    • Currency Exchange Benefits: Companies benefit from favourable currency exchange rates when exporting.
    • Access to Financing: Governments and financial institutions support exporters through loans, grants, and incentives.
    • Disposal of Surplus Inventory: Provides access to wider markets to offload excess inventory.
    • Enhanced Reputation and Credibility: Becoming a global player improves reputation and attractiveness to investors.
    • Specialisation Opportunities: Focusing on specific goods or services where companies excel increases efficiency and productivity.

    Disadvantages of International Trade

    • Shipping Customs and Duties: High costs, delays, and complex procedures for transporting goods across borders.
    • Language Barriers: Communication issues or difficulties in dealing with foreign partners, customers, or suppliers.
    • Cultural Differences: Conflicts may arise due to differences in customs, traditions, practices and ways of doing business.
    • Servicing Customers: Complicated customer service and support across varied time zones or regions.
    • Returning Products: High costs and extensive procedures to return products within various countries and different timelines.
    • Intellectual Property Theft: Risks of counterfeiting or unauthorized use of trademarks and patents in global market.

    Types of Trade

    • Foreign Trade/International Trade: The exchange of goods and services between two or more nations

    • Local Trade/Domestic Trade: The exchange of goods and services solely within one country (e.g., Philippines).

    Importation and Exportation

    • Export: Products going out of a country (to be sold overseas).
    • Import: Products coming into a country (to be bought).
    • Comparative Advantage: The concept of a country exporting where it excels and importing goods it is least efficient at producing.

    Supply and Demand

    • Supply: The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and can offer at various prices in a specific time period.
    • Demand: The amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices in a specified time frame.
    • Equilibrium: The point where supply and demand intersect, indicating the market price and quantity of goods.
    • Competition: The sellers compete in an open market, especially important during international trade.

    Demand Curve Determinants

    • Event or price expectation
    • Change in the number of buyers
    • Change in prices of related goods (substitution, complimentary)
    • Consumer income changes
    • Consumer expectations

    Supply Determinants

    • Number of sellers
    • Cost of production
    • Technology changes
    • Price expectations (positive/negative)
    • Calamities (positive/negative)
    • Taxes and subsidies

    Economics and Economic Activities

    • Scarcity: The fundamental economic problem. Limited resources cannot satisfy unlimited wants.
    • Limited Resources: Some examples include land, labour, capital.
    • Unlimited Wants: People constantly need and desire goods and services.
    • Choice and Opportunity Cost: The next best option that is lost when a decision is made.
    • Production: Transforming inputs (raw materials) into finished products.
    • Distribution: Allocating products and incomes efficiently.
    • Exchange: Buyer-seller transactions in a marketplace.
    • Consumption: Using products to attain satisfaction.

    Fundamental Economic Problems

    • Unlimited Satisfaction: Human desires always exceed what's available.
    • Limited Resources: Finite supplies of raw materials, human labour, and capital limit production.

    Types of resources

    • Man-made resources/Capital resources: Machinery, tools, buildings, computers.
    • Human resources: Labor (i.e., farmers, doctors, factory workers)
    • Natural resources: Land, water, forests, minerals

    Factors Causing Scarcity

    • Increase in population
    • Increased need for different businesses
    • Advancements/expansion in technology
    • Unlimited desires/wants
    • Illegitimate activities which destroy/reduce resources.

    Economic Resources (Factors of Production)

    • Land: Natural resources (farmland, minerals, etc.).
    • Labor: Human effort (physical/mental) in production.
    • Capital: Man-made resources used in production (machinery, tools, etc.).
    • Entrepreneurship: The ability to combine and manage other factors of production (taking risks and making decisions).

    Types of Income (Labor)

    • Wages: Income earned from blue-collar jobs (factory work, construction).
    • Salaries: Income earned from white-collar jobs (professions).

    International Business

    • The trade of goods, services, technology, and capital across national borders on a global scale.
    • Includes cross-border transactions, focusing on the production and distribution of products and services.
    • International business involves cross-border transactions of goods and services between two or more countries.
    • Examples include finance (banking), insurance, and construction.

    Importance of International Business

    • Increased Competition: Encourages innovation within local markets.
    • New Opportunities: Provides access to foreign markets.
    • Improved Efficiency and Resource Use: Businesses become more efficient due to use of resources.
    • Greater Variety of Goods and Services: International business introduces new and improved offerings to consumers.

    Objectives of International Business

    • Promote social and cultural exchange among nations.
    • Support economic and industrial growth in developing nations
    • Promote sustainable resource management

    Features of International Business

    • Large-Scale Operations: Involves substantial investment in global infrastructure and resources, like Amazon.
    • Immobility of Factors: Challenges associated with transferring labor, capital, and natural resources internationally due to legal, cultural, economic barriers.
    • Heterogeneous Markets: International markets differ based on consumer needs, income levels, cultures, buying behaviours, and specific requirements .

    Features of International Business (continued)

    • Integration of Economies: Nations foster interconnectedness through trade, investments, and partnerships.
    • Domination by Developed Countries: Advanced technologies, infrastructure, and financial resources often position developed countries as leaders and initiators within international trade practices.
    • Beneficial to Participating Countries: Improved economic growth, access to better goods/services, technology transfer, international investments and employment opportunities
    • Keen Competition: Businesses compete fiercely for global market share, driving innovation and product development.
    • Role of Science & Technology: Advances in technology impact international business—efficiency, communication, logistics.

    Features of International Business (continued)

    • Sensitive Nature: International business is vulnerable to global changes like geopolitical tensions, inflation, and trade wars.
    • Different Policies and Currencies: Managing various regulations, taxes, and currencies among countries is integral to international business management.

    Advantages of International Business Expansion

    • Reaching new customers
    • Spreading business risk
    • Accessing new talent
    • Amplifying brand presence
    • Securing foreign investors
    • Lowering costs
    • Improved consumer confidence
    • Increased immunity to trends

    Disadvantages of International Business

    • Foreign rules, regulations, and frequent changes
    • Difficulties in logistics/supply-chaining across different countries
    • Language and time zone issues and potential misunderstandings among international teams
    • Currency fluctuations
    • Monitoring and managing creditworthiness of diverse clients
    • Political instability
    • Research and understanding of foreign markets

    International Business Approaches

    • Ethnocentric: Domestic company strategy becomes the foreign market strategy.
    • Polycentric: Company creates different strategies for each foreign market country.
    • Regiocentric: Strategizing for identifiable regional market divisions.
    • Geocentric: Developing unified global market strategies.

    Ethical Issues in International Business

    • Employment Practices and Ethics: Child labor issues, fair wages, equal opportunity, and worker safety.
    • Human Rights: Worker exploitation, unsafe working conditions, violation of rights.
    • Cultural Sensitivity: Understanding and respecting cultural differences.
    • Environmental Pollution: Resource depletion, pollution (air, water, soil), and waste management.
    • Corruption: Bribery, kickbacks, and money laundering may occur to gain business advantage.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamental concepts of international business and trade. This quiz covers topics such as the scope of international business, determinants of demand and supply, and the economic principles affecting trade. Challenge yourself with questions on consumer welfare and equilibrium in economics.

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