International Aid and Poverty Quiz

The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.

A period following a major event, often used to describe the time after the Rwandan Genocide.

Traditional Rwandan courts that were set up to try low-level officials and regular people who participated in the genocide.

The aim was to try high-ranking government and army officials who took part in the genocide.

The process of restoring harmony and peaceful relationships within a community that has experienced conflict or trauma.

The Rwandan Patriotic Front was made up of refugees who were mostly Tutsis who fled from Rwanda after the genocide.

The RPF's seizure of the Rwandan capital in July 1994 led to the end of the genocide and a new multiethnic government.

Hutu refugees fled Rwanda after the genocide, creating a new challenge.

The systematic and institutionalized discrimination practiced by the white minority government in South Africa against the majority black population.

Protest that began as a peaceful student demonstration against the use of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction in schools but escalated into violent clashes with police.

A movement that aimed to isolate and pressure the South African government by urging international entities and individuals to boycott South African goods and business.

A commission established in South Africa after the end of Apartheid to investigate past human rights abuses, offer amnesty to perpetrators who confessed their crimes, and encourage reconciliation between victims and perpetrators.

The practice of using Afrikaans, the language of the white minority, as a medium of instruction in South African schools, which was seen as imposing the language of the oppressor on black students.

Organizations that operate independently from governments and are often focused on specific social, environmental, or humanitarian causes.

A form of globalization that involves the increasing interconnectedness and influence of non-governmental organizations across borders, affecting global issues and policies.

The process of international organizations and individuals taking action to address global challenges like human rights violations, environmental degradation, poverty, and conflict.

A group or individual outside a nation's borders considered a threat during a conflict or emergency. They may be detained or restricted in their activities.

Financial assistance provided from one country to another, often intended to support development projects, emergency relief, or poverty reduction.

The total value of all goods and services produced by a country's residents and businesses, both domestically and abroad. This includes income earned by citizens living abroad.

The escalation of tensions between Hutus and Tutsis in Rwanda, leading to the genocide of 1994. This event resulted in the deaths of an estimated 800,000-1,000,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus.

The role of the UN peacekeeping forces during the Rwandan genocide. While informed of the growing tensions and the potential for violence, the UN peacekeepers were limited in their ability to act, leading to criticism of their inaction.

The commander of the UN peacekeeping force during the Rwandan genocide. He repeatedly warned the UN headquarters about the rising tensions and the imminent danger of genocide. However, despite his warnings, the UN was unable to provide adequate support.

After gaining independence, Rwanda continued to depend on coffee as a major export. However, many coffee farms were destroyed during Rwanda's genocide. The country received international support to rebuild these farms, leading to coffee accounting for 30% of Rwandan exports by 2006.

Colonial powers, including the Dutch, French, Portuguese, and British, systematically colonized South Africa, steadily displacing Indigenous peoples. The persistent Eurocentric perspective reinforced the view of Indigenous people and Indian immigrants as inferior.

In 1926, South Africa became a dominion within the British Empire, with Black South Africans outnumbering whites significantly. Despite this, racist laws were implemented to maintain white political and economic dominance, including the denial of voting rights to Black people.

In reaction to growing demands for independence across Africa, South Africa implemented apartheid policies. These policies enforced strict segregation based on race, classifying South Africans as White, Asian, Coloured, and Black.

South Africa's apartheid policies were intensely controversial. Many groups, using both nonviolent and violent methods, actively fought against apartheid throughout the 1970s and 1980s. The government responded by suppressing protest groups and imprisoning their leaders, including Nelson Mandela.

The Soweto Uprising in 1976 was a large-scale protest by black high school students in the Soweto township against the inferior quality of education provided to Black students compared to their white counterparts. The protest was sparked by the government's decision to switch instruction in Black schools to Afrikaans from English.

The South African government's education policies reflected its apartheid ideology, emphasizing the inequality between racial groups. Black students received significantly less funding and were taught in Afrikaans, a language seen as the symbol of white supremacy.

The Soweto Uprising demonstrates the widespread resistance against apartheid in South Africa, particularly among Black South Africans who were denied equal opportunities and subjected to discriminatory policies.

An international non-governmental organization (NGO) that campaigned to ban landmines, bringing together over 1400 NGOs from 90 countries. Their efforts resulted in the Ottawa Treaty, an international treaty banning landmines, signed by 164 countries.

The international treaty banning landmines, signed by 164 countries. It is a direct consequence of the successful campaign led by the International Campaign to Ban Landmines.

A criticism often leveled at non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that focuses on their potential to be influenced by groups aiming to undermine or overthrow governments, raising concerns about their neutrality and motives.

A criticism of international NGOs that focuses on their potential to negatively impact local NGOs by competing for resources and expertise, highlighting the importance of collaboration and sustainability in international aid efforts.

An argument against NGOs focused on complex problems, claiming that their limited focus might not be sufficient to address the intricacy of these issues, highlighting the need for a holistic approach.

The founder of Grameen Bank and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, known for his pioneering work in providing microloans to impoverished communities.

A microfinance institution founded by Muhammad Yunus, providing microloans to people in poverty to help them start small businesses and improve their financial independence.

The significant increase in global trade, resulting in greater economic interdependence and potential impact on various aspects of the global economy, including wealth distribution and poverty levels.

The total amount of money earned by everyone within a country.

The United Nations' suggestion that developed nations should dedicate 0.7% of their Gross Domestic Income (GDI) to foreign aid.

Living on less than $1.90 per day, considered an extreme level of poverty.

The process of promoting peace, security, and friendly relationships between nations. The UN aims to achieve this by promoting human rights, protecting the environment, fighting poverty and disease, and helping refugees.

A forum within the United Nations dedicated to promoting the rights and interests of indigenous peoples worldwide.