Internal Trade: Wholesale and Retail
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used for the exchange of goods in business within a country's boundaries?

  • Foreign trade
  • Domestic trade (correct)
  • Local trade
  • International trade
  • Which category of internal trade involves the purchase and sale of goods and services in large quantities for resale and intermediate use?

  • Consumer trade
  • Retail trade
  • Wholesale trade (correct)
  • Merchant trade
  • What crucial tasks do wholesalers perform in the distribution of goods and services?

  • Consumer counseling
  • Financial auditing
  • Product grading and storage (correct)
  • Advertising promotion only
  • What utility do wholesalers provide by placing goods in a location and time when they are required for consumption or use?

    <p>Time utility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which service do wholesalers provide to manufacturers by facilitating large-scale production?

    <p>Order aggregation services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the purchase and sale of goods and services between different countries?

    <p>International trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of wholesalers mentioned in the text?

    <p>Purchasing goods in bulk and storing them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do wholesalers help in the marketing function, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>By advising producers about customer preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of storage provided by wholesalers, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Reducing the burden of storage on retailers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do wholesalers play in providing services to retailers, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Granting credit to frequent customers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the risks that retailers can avoid by using the services of a wholesaler, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Risk of price drops and theft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of retailers in the distribution of goods, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Selling goods directly to end consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do wholesalers play in facilitating production continuity, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Storing goods until demanded by retailers and consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way in which wholesalers reduce the retailer’s work, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>By reducing product inventory for retailers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit provided by wholesalers to retailers with regards to grant of credit, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Allowing better management of retailer's business</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What service do wholesalers provide to reduce risk for retailers as per the text?

    <p>Sharing risk of storage, theft, and market demand fluctuations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of equity shares as a source of finance?

    <p>Claim over residual income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of finance is considered as the 'blood for the Body of business'?

    <p>Owner's fund</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of equity shareholders in a company?

    <p>Bearing primary risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic makes equity shares a source of permanent capital for a company?

    <p>Claim over residual income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes equity shares from preference shares as a source of finance?

    <p>Claim over residual income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives equity shareholders the ability to influence decision-making in a company?

    <p>Claim over residual income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of preference shares as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Fixed rate of return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source of business finance is described as a hybrid security with preferential right of repayment?

    <p>Preference shares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of retained earnings as a source of business finance?

    <p>Permanent source of fund</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of trade credit, what determines the volume and period of credit allowed?

    <p>Volume of purchase and financial position of the purchaser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes public deposits as a source of business finance from bank deposits?

    <p>Higher interest rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining characteristic of debentures as a source of borrower's fund?

    <p>Fixed rate of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a trustee play when large numbers of debentures are sold to the general public?

    <p>Ensuring repayment by the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of commercial banks in the context of sources of borrower's fund?

    <p>Short-term finance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets apart inter corporate deposits (ICD) as a source of business finance?

    <p>Intra-company lending</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of debentures as a source of borrower's fund?

    <p>Repayment on demand by holder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Internal Trade

    • Internal trade refers to the exchange of goods within a country's boundaries.
    • Wholesaling is a category of internal trade that involves the purchase and sale of goods and services in large quantities for resale and intermediate use.

    Role of Wholesalers

    • Wholesalers perform crucial tasks in the distribution of goods and services, such as breaking bulk, making goods available at the right time and place, and providing storage facilities.
    • Wholesalers provide the utility of place and time by making goods available when and where they are required for consumption or use.
    • Wholesalers facilitate large-scale production by enabling manufacturers to produce goods on a large scale, thereby reducing costs.

    International Trade

    • International trade refers to the purchase and sale of goods and services between different countries.

    Wholesalers' Functions

    • Wholesalers help in the marketing function by facilitating large-scale production, breaking bulk, and providing storage facilities.
    • Wholesalers provide the service of storage, which reduces the retailer's workload.
    • Wholesalers help retailers by providing goods in the required quantities, thereby reducing the retailer's risk.
    • Wholesalers play a crucial role in providing services to retailers, including the provision of credit and reduction of risk.

    Retailers' Role

    • The main role of retailers is to make goods available to the ultimate consumers.

    Wholesalers' Benefits

    • Wholesalers provide the benefit of storage, which reduces the retailer's workload.
    • Wholesalers play a crucial role in facilitating production continuity by ensuring a steady supply of goods to retailers.
    • Wholesalers reduce the retailer's work by performing tasks such as breaking bulk and providing storage facilities.
    • Wholesalers provide the service of granting credit to retailers.
    • Wholesalers reduce the retailer's risk by providing goods in the required quantities.

    Finance

    • Equity shares are a source of permanent capital for a company, with the primary characteristic of being a source of long-term finance.
    • Equity shareholders have the ability to influence decision-making in a company.
    • Equity shares are distinguished from preference shares in that they do not have a fixed rate of dividend.

    Preference Shares

    • Preference shares have a fixed rate of dividend and are considered a hybrid security with preferential right of repayment.

    Debentures

    • Debentures are a source of borrower's fund, with a fixed rate of interest and a fixed repayment period.
    • A trustee plays a crucial role in managing large numbers of debentures sold to the general public.

    Trade Credit

    • The volume and period of credit allowed in trade credit are determined by the buyer's creditworthiness and the supplier's credit policy.

    Public Deposits

    • Public deposits are a source of business finance that is distinguished from bank deposits in that they are raised directly from the public.

    Inter Corporate Deposits (ICD)

    • ICDs are a source of business finance that is characterized by deposits made by one company with another company.

    Commercial Banks

    • Commercial banks are a source of borrower's fund, with the distinguishing feature of providing short-term loans.

    Retained Earnings

    • Retained earnings are a source of business finance that is characterized by the company's retained profits.

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    Description

    Learn about the exchange of goods within a country's boundaries, known as internal trade. Explore the categories of internal trade, including wholesale trade and retail trade, and understand the formalities involved in these transactions.

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