Internal Structure of the Cerebral Hemispheres

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the structure that divides the floor of the ventricle into two parts?

Median sulcus (correct)

Sulcus limitans

Inferior fovea

Striae medullaris

What is the structure produced by the fibers from the motor nucleus of the facial nerve?

Vestibular trigone

Vagal triangle

Facial colliculus (correct)

Hypoglossal trigone

What is the function of the foramen of Magendie?

It allows for the passage of the vagus nerve

It allows for the passage of the abducens nerve

It allows for the passage of cerebrospinal fluid (correct)

It allows for the passage of the facial nerve

What lies lateral to the sulcus limitans?

Vestibular area Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that forms the roof of the ventricle?

Superior medullary velum and inferior medullary velum Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that lies medial to the inferior fovea?

Hypoglossal trigone Signup and view all the answers

What is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres composed of?

Gray matter Signup and view all the answers

What type of fibers connect corresponding regions of the two hemispheres?

Commissural fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the internal capsule contains the corticospinal tract?

Posterior limb Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the projection fibers?

Connecting the cerebral cortex with lower levels in the brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the corpus callosum divided into?

Rostrum, genu, body, and splenium Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the association fibers?

Connecting various cortical regions within the same hemisphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the white matter?

Myelinated nerve fibers and neuroglia Signup and view all the answers

What is located in the interior of the cerebral hemispheres?

Basal nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the lateral ventricle?

C-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the interventricular foramen?

To connect the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Where is the third ventricle located?

Between the right and left halves of the thalamus Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the fourth ventricle in sagittal section?

Triangular Signup and view all the answers

What is the floor of the fourth ventricle formed by?

The posterior surface of the pons and the upper half of the medulla oblongata Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle?

The lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the cerebral aqueduct?

Caudally (inferiorly) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ventricular system?

To transport cerebrospinal fluid Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cerebral Hemispheres Structure

Composed of an outer layer of gray matter (cerebral cortex) and an inner layer of white matter (nerve fibers)
Basal nuclei: masses of gray matter located in the interior of the cerebral hemispheres

White Matter Composition

Composed of myelinated nerve fibers supported by neuroglia
Nerve fibers classified into three groups based on connections:
- Commissural fibers
- Association fibers
- Projection fibers

Commissural Fibers

Connect corresponding regions of the two hemispheres
Examples: corpus callosum, anterior commissure, posterior commissure

Corpus Callosum

Located at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure
Divided into: rostrum, genu, body, and splenium

Association Fibers

Connect various cortical regions within the same hemisphere
Divided into short and long groups

Projection Fibers

Afferent and efferent nerve fibers connecting the cerebral cortex with lower levels in the brain and spinal cord
Examples: internal capsule, corticospinal tract, frontopontine fibers

Internal Capsule

Parts: anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, retrolenticular part, and sublenticular part
Fiber contents:
- Anterior limb: frontopontine fibers
- Genu: corticonuclear (corticobulbar) fibers
- Posterior limb: corticospinal tract, frontopontine fibers
- Retrolenticular part: optic radiation
- Sublenticular part: auditory radiation

Ventricular System

Consists of a series of interconnecting spaces and channels within the brain
Components: lateral ventricles, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, and fourth ventricle

Lateral Ventricles

Two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere
Divided into a body, anterior horn, posterior horn, and inferior horn
Communicates with the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen

Third Ventricle

A midline, slit-like cavity lying between the right and left halves of the thalamus
Continuous caudally with the cerebral aqueduct

Fourth Ventricle

Lies between the brain stem and the cerebellum
Triangular profile in sagittal section
Continuous caudally with the central canal of the spinal cord

Floor of the Fourth Ventricle

Formed by the posterior surface of the pons and the upper half of the medulla oblongata
Divided into symmetrical halves by the median sulcus
Components:
- Pontine part: median eminence, sulcus limitans, facial colliculus, and vestibular area
- Medullary part: hypoglossal trigone, vagal triangle, vestibular trigone

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the composition of the cerebral hemispheres, including the gray matter, white matter, and nerve fibers. A comprehensive overview of the internal structure of the brain.