22 Questions
What is the structure that divides the floor of the ventricle into two parts?
Median sulcus
What is the structure produced by the fibers from the motor nucleus of the facial nerve?
Facial colliculus
What is the function of the foramen of Magendie?
It allows for the passage of cerebrospinal fluid
What lies lateral to the sulcus limitans?
Vestibular area
What is the structure that forms the roof of the ventricle?
Superior medullary velum and inferior medullary velum
What is the structure that lies medial to the inferior fovea?
Hypoglossal trigone
What is the outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres composed of?
Gray matter
What type of fibers connect corresponding regions of the two hemispheres?
Commissural fibers
Which part of the internal capsule contains the corticospinal tract?
Posterior limb
What is the function of the projection fibers?
Connecting the cerebral cortex with lower levels in the brain and spinal cord
What is the corpus callosum divided into?
Rostrum, genu, body, and splenium
What is the function of the association fibers?
Connecting various cortical regions within the same hemisphere
What is the composition of the white matter?
Myelinated nerve fibers and neuroglia
What is located in the interior of the cerebral hemispheres?
Basal nuclei
What is the shape of the lateral ventricle?
C-shaped
What is the function of the interventricular foramen?
To connect the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle
Where is the third ventricle located?
Between the right and left halves of the thalamus
What is the shape of the fourth ventricle in sagittal section?
Triangular
What is the floor of the fourth ventricle formed by?
The posterior surface of the pons and the upper half of the medulla oblongata
What is the relationship between the lateral ventricle and the third ventricle?
The lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen
What is the direction of the cerebral aqueduct?
Caudally (inferiorly)
What is the purpose of the ventricular system?
To transport cerebrospinal fluid
Study Notes
Cerebral Hemispheres Structure
- Composed of an outer layer of gray matter (cerebral cortex) and an inner layer of white matter (nerve fibers)
- Basal nuclei: masses of gray matter located in the interior of the cerebral hemispheres
White Matter Composition
- Composed of myelinated nerve fibers supported by neuroglia
- Nerve fibers classified into three groups based on connections:
- Commissural fibers
- Association fibers
- Projection fibers
Commissural Fibers
- Connect corresponding regions of the two hemispheres
- Examples: corpus callosum, anterior commissure, posterior commissure
Corpus Callosum
- Located at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure
- Divided into: rostrum, genu, body, and splenium
Association Fibers
- Connect various cortical regions within the same hemisphere
- Divided into short and long groups
Projection Fibers
- Afferent and efferent nerve fibers connecting the cerebral cortex with lower levels in the brain and spinal cord
- Examples: internal capsule, corticospinal tract, frontopontine fibers
Internal Capsule
- Parts: anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, retrolenticular part, and sublenticular part
- Fiber contents:
- Anterior limb: frontopontine fibers
- Genu: corticonuclear (corticobulbar) fibers
- Posterior limb: corticospinal tract, frontopontine fibers
- Retrolenticular part: optic radiation
- Sublenticular part: auditory radiation
Ventricular System
- Consists of a series of interconnecting spaces and channels within the brain
- Components: lateral ventricles, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, and fourth ventricle
Lateral Ventricles
- Two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere
- Divided into a body, anterior horn, posterior horn, and inferior horn
- Communicates with the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen
Third Ventricle
- A midline, slit-like cavity lying between the right and left halves of the thalamus
- Continuous caudally with the cerebral aqueduct
Fourth Ventricle
- Lies between the brain stem and the cerebellum
- Triangular profile in sagittal section
- Continuous caudally with the central canal of the spinal cord
Floor of the Fourth Ventricle
- Formed by the posterior surface of the pons and the upper half of the medulla oblongata
- Divided into symmetrical halves by the median sulcus
- Components:
- Pontine part: median eminence, sulcus limitans, facial colliculus, and vestibular area
- Medullary part: hypoglossal trigone, vagal triangle, vestibular trigone
Explore the composition of the cerebral hemispheres, including the gray matter, white matter, and nerve fibers. A comprehensive overview of the internal structure of the brain.
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