Intermediate Programming - Arrays and Exceptions
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Questions and Answers

What exception is thrown when an invalid index is accessed in a list or array?

  • NumberFormatException
  • IndexOutOfBoundsException (correct)
  • IllegalStateException
  • UnsupportedOperationException

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a function in Java?

  • It must have a name.
  • It can take parameters.
  • It cannot be defined within a class. (correct)
  • It must have a return type.

Which of the following exceptions is thrown when trying to access an array with an invalid index?

  • InstantiationException
  • ClassNotFoundException
  • ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException (correct)
  • StringIndexOutOfBoundsException

Which exception indicates that a thread has been interrupted while waiting or sleeping?

<p>InterruptedException (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of array allows for traversal using an enhanced for loop in Java?

<p>Multidimensional arrays (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What exception would most likely be thrown due to excessive recursion?

<p>StackOverflowError (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What keyword is used to specify the value to be returned by a method in Java?

<p>return (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an input/output operation fails or is interrupted?

<p>IOException (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the UnsupportedOperationException thrown?

<p>When a requested operation is not supported. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which exception is thrown by the JVM when it runs out of memory?

<p>VirtualMachineError (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes formal and actual parameters in Java?

<p>Formal parameters are defined within a function, while actual parameters are the real values provided during the function call. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used to convert a multidimensional array into a string representation?

<p>Arrays.deepToString(array) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What exception is specifically thrown when a file with the specified pathname does not exist?

<p>FileNotFoundException (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does code reusability aim to achieve in programming?

<p>Reduce redundancy by reusing code across different paths. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which exception cannot be instantiated because it represents a class definition that is missing?

<p>NoClassDefFoundError (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which exception is thrown when an operation tries to use a null where an object is required?

<p>NullPointerException (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the function Arrays.sort(array)?

<p>To sort elements of the array in ascending order. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a function with no parameters but with a return value?

<p>It performs a task and returns a result without needing external data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will Arrays.binarySearch(array, key) return if the key is not found in the sorted array?

<p>A negative value indicating absence of the key. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the function Arrays.equals(array1, array2) check?

<p>If two one-dimensional arrays are equal in content. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of void methods in Java?

<p>To perform specific tasks that do not provide an output. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the function Arrays.copyOf(array, newLength) do?

<p>Extends or truncates an array to a new specified length. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly defines Arrays.deepEquals(array1, array2)?

<p>It validates if two multidimensional arrays are equal in content. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When would you typically use Arrays.parallelSort(array)?

<p>To sort large arrays utilizing multiple threads. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an index in an array represent?

<p>The location of an element in the array (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required when declaring an array in Java?

<p>The type of its elements, the array's name, and the size (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of array initialization?

<p>int [] array; // declared but not initialized (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the try statement in Java allow you to do?

<p>Define code blocks to handle exceptions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of arrays in Java?

<p>They have a fixed size after initialization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly accesses the third element of an array named 'array'?

<p>int x = array[2]; (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario is a catch statement used in Java?

<p>To handle exceptions thrown in a try block (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the versatility of arrays?

<p>They are limited to storing a single data type. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Allows to stored data element into single entity

<p>Data organization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Iterate and processing Commonly used in loop to iterate over elements and perform operations on them

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Can store elements of any data type

<p>Versality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Java arrays it has have a fix size after initialization. But you can use array list to handle varying amount of data dynamically

<p>Flexibility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Foundation use in many algorithms , data structures and programming techniques

<p>Widely use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The technical term ( throw an exception ) for when an error occurs java will normally stop and generate an error message

<p>Java exception (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

allows to define a block of code to be tested for errors while itis being executed

<p>Java try statement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

allows to define a block of code to be executed if an error occurs in the try bloc

<p>Catch statement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

thrown to indicate that an assertion has failed

<p>Assertion Error (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

typically known as methods, are fundamental to its structure, enabling the development of modular, reusable, and maintainable code

<p>Functions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

breaking complex tasks into smaller, manageable unit

<p>Modular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

reducing the redundancy by reusing code across different paths of the program

<p>Code reusability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

simplifying debugging and updating pro

<p>Ease of Maintenance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

function is defined within a class and has a return type, a name, and parameter

<p>Defining a function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

generates a hash code for the array.

<p>Arrays.hashCode(array) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

array.length- returns the size of an arra

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

utility methods in java that is provided by the import java.util.Arrays. These functions are used to manipulate and process array

<p>Functions with parameters and return values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

converts an array into a stream for functional programming.

<p>Arrays.stream(array) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

fills the entire array with a specified value

<p>Arrays.fill(array, value) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

copies a specific range of elements into a new array. Extracting subarrays

<p>Arrays.copyOfRange(array, from,to) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

Arrays in Java

A data structure in Java that allows you to store a collection of elements of the same type.

Index

The location of an element in an array, starting from 0.

Array Elements

The items stored in an array. They can be numbers, characters, or any other Java data type.

Array Declaration

The process of creating an array and specifying its type, name, and size.

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Try Statement

A block of code that is executed to test for errors during the execution of another block of code.

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Catch Statement

A block of code that is executed when an error occurs within the try block.

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Java Exceptions

When an error or exception occurs in Java, resulting in program termination.

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ArrayList

A dynamic data structure that allows for an adjustable size, unlike fixed-size arrays.

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Enhanced for loop

A loop that simplifies iteration over arrays or collections. It automatically handles the index and provides an easy way to access elements.

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Multidimensional arrays

An array containing elements arranged in rows and columns. They are useful for representing data in a tabular format.

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Compile-time Exceptions (Checked)

Errors that occur during the compilation process, often due to syntax errors or type violations. The compiler detects these errors and prevents the program from running.

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Runtime Exceptions (Unchecked)

Exceptions that occur during runtime due to issues like file access errors, network problems, or incorrect input. These errors are not caught by the compiler and can cause the program to crash.

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IOException

A type of exception that occurs when an input/output operation fails. This could happen when attempting to read from a file that doesn't exist or write to a device that is unavailable.

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FileNotFoundException

Thrown when a file cannot be found. This happens when attempting to open or access a file that doesn't exist on the system.

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NoClassDefFoundError

Thrown when the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) tries to load a class but its definition cannot be found in the classpath.

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Methods

Functions, also known as methods, are the building blocks of a program. They encapsulate reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks, promoting modularity and code reuse.

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NumberFormatException

Thrown when attempting to convert a string into a numeric type that cannot be parsed.

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IndexOutOfBoundsException

Indicates an invalid index used to access an element in a list, string, or array. This happens when you try to access an element that doesn't exist at the specified index.

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IllegalStateException

Thrown when a method is invoked but it's not in the right state or at the right time to be called.

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UnsupportedOperationException

Thrown when a requested operation is not supported by the current context or object.

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StackOverflowError

Thrown when the application's call stack overflows. This often occurs due to excessive recursion.

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OutOfMemoryError

Thrown when the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) runs out of memory. This can happen due to programs using too much memory.

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Actual parameters

The values provided when a function is called.

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Formal parameters

The variables defined in the function signature that represent the data passed to the function.

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Methods with no parameters

Methods in Java that do not require any input parameters when called. They can perform tasks independently without needing external data.

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Functions with parameters but no return values

Methods in Java that take input parameters but do not return any output value. They perform actions but don't produce a result to be used elsewhere.

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Functions with parameters and return values

Methods in Java that accept input parameters and return a value after processing those parameters. They are widely used to perform calculations or generate results that can be used in other parts of the code.

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Arrays.sort(array)

A built-in function in Java that sorts elements of an array in ascending order.

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Arrays.parallelSort(array)

A function that sorts large arrays in parallel, using multiple threads to speed up the process.

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Arrays.binarySearch(array, key)

A built-in function that searches for a specific element (key) within a sorted array and returns its index. If the element isn't found, it returns a negative value.

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Arrays.equals(array1, array2)

A function that checks whether two one-dimensional arrays contain the same elements in the same order. It returns true if they are identical and false otherwise.

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Arrays.deepEquals(array1, array2)

A function that checks if two multidimensional arrays are equal in content and structure. It performs a deep comparison, considering all elements and their nested structures.

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Study Notes

Intermediate Programming - Arrays

  • Arrays are fundamental data structures in Java, storing collections of elements of the same type.
  • Elements are items stored in an array.
  • Indexes are numerical locations of elements, starting from 0.
  • Declaration involves specifying the element type, array name, and size.
    • Example: int[] student = new int[100]; (allocates memory)
    • Example: int[] array = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; (initializes and allocates)
  • Accessing elements: Use their indices.
    • Example: int x = array[2]; (assigns value at index 2 to x)
  • Enhanced for loop (each-loop) iterates through arrays/collections more simply.
  • Multidimensional arrays are 2D arrays (like matrices).
    • Example: int[][] matrix = new int[rowSize][colSize];
  • Arrays provide efficient storage and retrieval of elements.

Intermediate Programming - Java Exceptions

  • Java Exceptions are errors handled during runtime (throw/exception/error).
  • Java uses try-catch blocks to handle potential errors.
    • try: A block of code that may cause errors.
    • catch: A block executed if an error occurs within the try block.
  • Compile-time exceptions (checked): Errors like IOException (input/output error) and FileNotFoundException (file not found) need to be handled.
  • Runtime exceptions (unchecked): Errors like NullPointerException (trying to use a null object) and ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException (invalid array index).
  • Other common exceptions include StringIndexOutOfBoundsException (invalid string index) and NumberFormatException (invalid numeric conversion).
  • Exceptions can be thrown to handle various issues like invalid data or resource problems.

Intermediate Programming - Java Functions/Methods

  • Functions (methods) are fundamental to Java's structure, enabling modular, reusable code.
  • Methods can have parameters (input values) for greater flexibility.
  • Methods can return values (results) to the caller; void methods don't return any value.
  • Functions with no parameters, but return values - provide useful results independent of data input.
  • Functions with parameters; no return values - used for tasks independent of returned data.
  • Functions with parameters and return values provide methods that use input data and return a useful calculation.
  • Functions are defined within a class and use a return type, name, and parameters.
  • Calling functions: Using their names, providing the required data.

Intermediate Programming - Java Built-in Functions

  • Arrays.toString() and Arrays.deepToString() convert arrays into readable strings, useful for debugging.
  • Arrays.sort() sorts elements in ascending order.
  • Arrays.parallelSort() uses multiple threads to sort larger arrays.
  • Arrays.binarySearch() searches for a key in a sorted array and returns the index (or a negative value if not found).
  • Arrays.equals() and Arrays.deepEquals() check if one-dimensional or multi-dimensional arrays are equal, respectively. Copying arrays:
    • Arrays.copyOf(), Arrays.copyOfRange() - for creating copies of arrays with modifications and ranges.
  • Filling arrays: Arrays.fill() to fill an entire array with a given value.
  • Hashing arrays: Arrays.hashCode() to generate a hash code for arrays.
  • Using streams (Arrays.stream()) for functional programming with arrays.
  • Array length (using array.length)
  • Reflection-Based Utilities (for accessing array elements and length dynamically).

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Description

This quiz covers fundamental concepts of arrays and exceptions in Java. It includes topics such as declaration, accessing elements, and error handling with try-catch blocks. Test your knowledge on Java's data structures and runtime error management.

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