Podcast
Questions and Answers
What equation correctly represents the relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength?
What equation correctly represents the relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength?
- Wave speed = wavelength - frequency
- Wave speed = frequency × wavelength (correct)
- Wave speed = frequency ÷ wavelength
- Wave speed = frequency + wavelength
Which of the following is the correct equation for calculating gravitational potential energy?
Which of the following is the correct equation for calculating gravitational potential energy?
- Gravitational potential energy = mass + gravitational field strength × height
- Gravitational potential energy = mass × (gravitational field strength + height)
- Gravitational potential energy = mass × gravitational field strength × height (correct)
- Gravitational potential energy = mass ÷ height × gravitational field strength
What is the value of gravitational field strength on Earth, represented by g?
What is the value of gravitational field strength on Earth, represented by g?
- 9.8 kg/N
- 9.8 N/kg (correct)
- 9.8 J/kg
- 10 N/kg
For an ideal gas at a constant temperature, what is the equation that describes the relationship between pressure and volume?
For an ideal gas at a constant temperature, what is the equation that describes the relationship between pressure and volume?
According to the density equation, how do you calculate density?
According to the density equation, how do you calculate density?
What does the equation for kinetic energy represent?
What does the equation for kinetic energy represent?
What is the total potential energy stored by the gravity battery when the mass is raised for a distance of 300 m?
What is the total potential energy stored by the gravity battery when the mass is raised for a distance of 300 m?
At a discharge rate of 800 kW, what is the approximate speed at which the mass must descend to maintain this output given the efficiency of the generators?
At a discharge rate of 800 kW, what is the approximate speed at which the mass must descend to maintain this output given the efficiency of the generators?
How long can the gravity battery maintain an output of 800 kW with an efficiency of 94%?
How long can the gravity battery maintain an output of 800 kW with an efficiency of 94%?
If the mass were to descend a distance of 150 m instead, how much energy would it provide at the same rate?
If the mass were to descend a distance of 150 m instead, how much energy would it provide at the same rate?
Considering eight cables support the mass, what factor does this have on the overall potential energy if each cable independently supports the weight?
Considering eight cables support the mass, what factor does this have on the overall potential energy if each cable independently supports the weight?
Which of the following assumptions about the energy transfer process can be considered accurate for this gravity battery system?
Which of the following assumptions about the energy transfer process can be considered accurate for this gravity battery system?
How much work is done by a cyclist to increase their speed from 2.0 m/s to 6.0 m/s given a total mass of 95 kg, ignoring air resistance and friction?
How much work is done by a cyclist to increase their speed from 2.0 m/s to 6.0 m/s given a total mass of 95 kg, ignoring air resistance and friction?
What is the correct relationship between displacement from the start line and time for a runner starting at a speed of 1 m/s and accelerating at 2 m/s² for 2 seconds?
What is the correct relationship between displacement from the start line and time for a runner starting at a speed of 1 m/s and accelerating at 2 m/s² for 2 seconds?
Which graph correctly represents the resistance of a thermistor against current through it, considering that the resistance decreases with an increase in temperature?
Which graph correctly represents the resistance of a thermistor against current through it, considering that the resistance decreases with an increase in temperature?
What happens to the wavelength and frequency of water waves when they travel from deeper to shallower water?
What happens to the wavelength and frequency of water waves when they travel from deeper to shallower water?
How much electrical energy does an electric kettle rated at 2.5 kW consume to boil 1.25 L of water in just under 3 minutes?
How much electrical energy does an electric kettle rated at 2.5 kW consume to boil 1.25 L of water in just under 3 minutes?
If a cyclist accelerates from rest to a speed of 6.0 m/s, which concept primarily represents the energy change involved assuming no losses?
If a cyclist accelerates from rest to a speed of 6.0 m/s, which concept primarily represents the energy change involved assuming no losses?
What effect does moving from deeper water to shallower water have on the speed of water waves?
What effect does moving from deeper water to shallower water have on the speed of water waves?
During the acceleration phase, what is the final speed of the marathon runner after 2 seconds?
During the acceleration phase, what is the final speed of the marathon runner after 2 seconds?
If the bulbs in a circuit are not lit to full brightness, what could be a potential reason?
If the bulbs in a circuit are not lit to full brightness, what could be a potential reason?
What is the approximate reading on the voltmeter in a circuit where the bulbs are dim?
What is the approximate reading on the voltmeter in a circuit where the bulbs are dim?
Which statement correctly describes the energy transfer in a gravity battery system?
Which statement correctly describes the energy transfer in a gravity battery system?
When a gravity battery releases energy, which of the following occurs?
When a gravity battery releases energy, which of the following occurs?
If a gravity battery system has an output of 1 kW for 1 hour, how much energy does it transfer in kilowatt-hours?
If a gravity battery system has an output of 1 kW for 1 hour, how much energy does it transfer in kilowatt-hours?
What is an essential feature of the cylindrical container used in the gravity battery?
What is an essential feature of the cylindrical container used in the gravity battery?
How does raising the masses in a gravity battery affect the energy system?
How does raising the masses in a gravity battery affect the energy system?
In terms of volume, what is the volume of the cylindrical container if its diameter is 5.0 m and height is 4.0 m?
In terms of volume, what is the volume of the cylindrical container if its diameter is 5.0 m and height is 4.0 m?
If a gravity battery system fails to meet peak energy demands, what might be a consequence?
If a gravity battery system fails to meet peak energy demands, what might be a consequence?
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Study Notes
Intermediate Physics Challenge 2023
- The Intermediate Physics Challenge is a competition for students in year 12.
- The competition consists of three sections: multiple choice, short written questions, and extended numerical questions.
- The competition covers a range of physics topics, including mechanics, heat, electricity, magnetism, and waves.
Gravity Batteries
- Gravity batteries store energy by raising large masses, typically crushed rock, up a shaft.
- When energy is needed, the masses are lowered, generating electricity.
- The energy stored in a gravity battery is equal to the gravitational potential energy of the mass.
Energy Storage System
- The container used in the gravity battery system has a diameter of 5.0 m and a depth of 4.0 m.
- The container is filled with crushed rock with an average density of 5200 kg/m³.
- The mass can be raised or lowered a total distance of 300 m in the shaft.
- The efficiency of the electrical generators is 94%.
- The gravity battery can provide energy to the national grid at a rate of 800 kW.
- Eight cables are used to support the mass.
Parallax
- Edmund Halley proposed using the transit of Venus across the Sun to determine the absolute scale of the solar system.
- The difference in the apparent positions of an object seen from two different points is called parallax.
- In 1769, Captain James Cook travelled to Tahiti to observe the transit of Venus.
- The parallax angle was determined to be 0.0130° from two locations separated by a distance of 9560 km.
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