Ch 9: Interactions in the environment
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Questions and Answers

What is predation?

  • A process of reproduction in ecosystems
  • Competition for resources within an ecosystem
  • A symbiotic relationship between two organisms
  • The act of preying on another animal for energy acquisition (correct)

What is competition in the context of ecology?

  • The process of mutual sacrifice for ecological conservation
  • Individuals or species fighting for limited resources (correct)
  • Social interactions between organisms of the same species
  • Mutual benefit between two different species

What is the main difference between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition?

  • Intraspecific involves different species, while interspecific involves the same species
  • Intraspecific is between different species, while interspecific is within the same species (correct)
  • Intraspecific involves fighting for mates, while interspecific involves fighting for food
  • Intraspecific influences population sizes, while interspecific influences community structure

How do predators influence ecosystem dynamics?

<p>By regulating prey populations and influencing species diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of competitive exclusion according to the competitive exclusion principle?

<p>One species outcompetes the other, potentially leading to extinction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of predators in the predator-prey curve?

<p>Resulting in delayed population increase of predators (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can species coexist despite competition for the same resources?

<p>Through resource partitioning or occupying different ecological niches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are predator-prey interactions depicted?

<p>By illustrating population fluctuations over time on a graph (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship benefits both species involved?

<p>Mutualism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens as prey numbers increase on a predator-prey curve?

<p>Predator numbers immediately increase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a commensalistic relationship, how does one organism benefit?

<p>Without affecting the other organism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a predator in an ecosystem?

<p>A heterotrophic organism that actively hunts and kills other organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do prey numbers eventually decline on the predator-prey curve?

<p>Increased predation and environmental resistance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a parasitic relationship?

<p>Tapeworms and their hosts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of predators in an ecosystem?

<p>To regulate prey populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of mutualistic relationships?

<p>Both species benefit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of competition among predators on prey populations?

<p>It leads to a decrease in prey numbers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do interactions such as mutualism and parasitism influence the ecosystem?

<p>They significantly alter ecosystem dynamics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the outcome where one species outcompetes another, potentially leading to the latter's extinction?

<p>Competitive Exclusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a predator-prey interaction, what happens if prey numbers decline significantly?

<p>Predator numbers decrease subsequently (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of predators in an ecosystem?

<p>Regulating prey populations by hunting and consuming other organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are predator-prey interactions often represented?

<p>With predator-prey curves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the act of one organism hunting, killing, and consuming another for energy acquisition?

<p>Predation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What typically happens to predator populations after a significant increase in prey numbers?

<p>They experience a delayed increase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the dynamics of biological systems where two species interact?

<p>Predator-prey curve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of predators in shaping population sizes within an ecosystem?

<p>Regulating prey populations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a predator-prey relationship, why do prey numbers decline eventually?

<p>As a result of predation and environmental resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key terminology related to predator-prey interactions?

<p>Predator-prey curve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of predator-prey cycles in terms of population fluctuations?

<p>Dynamic population fluctuations over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role do predators play in ecosystem dynamics according to the text?

<p>Regulating prey numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the scenario where one species eliminates another through competition for the same limited resources?

<p>Competitive exclusion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ecosystem, what type of relationship involves one species benefiting without affecting the other?

<p>Commensalism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes competition between individuals of the same species?

<p>Intraspecific competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What outcome occurs when two species coexist by using different resources or occupying different ecological niches?

<p>Resource partitioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of interaction involves one organism benefiting at the expense of the other?

<p>Parasitism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When two different species engage in competition for limited resources, what principle states that one species will outcompete the other?

<p>Competitive exclusion principle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a close, long-term interaction between individuals of different species?

<p>Symbiotic relationship (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Within a symbiotic relationship, which type involves both species benefiting?

<p>Mutualism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does competitive exclusion lead to within a population of species?

<p>Extinction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a mutualistic relationship, which outcome is observed between two interacting species?

<p>Both species benefiting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes to the delayed increase in predator populations in a predator-prey curve?

<p>Reproduction rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes an organism preying on another for energy acquisition in an ecosystem?

<p>Predation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a predator in an ecosystem?

<p>Regulating prey populations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key result of predator-prey interactions on species diversity within an ecosystem?

<p>Higher species diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disrupts the predator-prey balance in an ecosystem?

<p>Environmental disturbances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do predator populations experience a delayed increase in response to rising prey numbers?

<p>Limitations in reproduction rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ecosystem dynamics, what role does predation play in shaping community structure?

<p>Shaping population distributions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept describes the detailed dynamics of biological systems involving predator-prey interactions?

<p>Predator-prey curve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does predation impact population sizes within an ecosystem?

<p>Regulating population numbers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the predator-prey curve leads to dynamic population fluctuations over time?

<p>Initial increase in prey populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the process whereby one species outcompetes another, potentially leading to the latter's extinction?

<p>Competitive Exclusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of competition occurs within members of the same species?

<p>Intraspecific Competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for the process where species may coexist by utilizing different resources or occupying different ecological niches?

<p>Resource Partitioning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship where one organism benefits without affecting the other known as?

<p>Commensalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of relationship involves one organism benefiting at the expense of another species?

<p>Parasitism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What interaction describes the close, long-term relationship between individuals of different species?

<p>Symbiotic Relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of relationship do both species benefit mutually?

<p>Mutualism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of relationship involves competition between two or more different species?

<p>Interspecific Competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe social interaction between organisms fighting for dominance over the same limited resources?

<p>Competition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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