Intelligence Testing in Clinical Psychology

A test used to detect brain damage by having the patient copy 9 simple designs.

A set of criteria classifying drawing errors between healthy and brain-damaged individuals.

Errors in the Bender test that indicate significant brain damage when present in sufficient quantity.

The measure of consistency in scoring the Bender test by different raters.

Different versions of the Bender test designs, all with similar difficulty, that can be used to measure the effect of drawing errors consistently.

Impairment in abstract thought and a tendency to respond to irrelevant stimuli due to brain damage.

Research showing that left hemisphere lesions correlate with lower verbal scores on the Wechsler test; Lesions in other brain areas have reversed impact.

A series of tests used to assess cognitive abilities and neurological function. Often measures sensorimotor, perceptual, and language functions.

A neuropsychological test battery designed to identify diverse neurological damage. Focuses on behavior deficits and localization of the damaged brain areas.

Test batteries included in some neuropsychological testing. WAIS: measures intelligence; MMPI: assesses personality and psychopathology.

Differences that cause learning difficulties that do not stem from educational or psychological issues.

The cause of learning disabilities. LD specialists typically don't need it for diagnosis but can enhance treatment.

A tailored program created to treat learning disabilities, targeting the specific behavioral issues.

Behavioral outcomes of brain injury depend on factors like age, pre-injury cognitive development, language/attention issues, and the chronicity of the injury.

Brain damage can indirectly lead to intellectual challenges, e.g., through frustration or social issues arising from the injury.

Lesions in cortical regions of the brain often result in motor and intellectual deficits; subcortical lesions mostly lead to motor difficulties.Severe cases can hinder reading/writing and motor skills.

Similar presenting issues may stem from different causes (brain damage vs. experience); careful history is vital for accurate diagnosis.

Sets of tests designed to measure various neuropsychological functions, pinpoint impaired areas if any, and differentiate types of brain issues.

Tailored test combinations to assess cognitive deficits. May include duplications of tests and miss critical areas, and aren't comparable based on existing norms or scoring schemes.

A well-known set of tests developed from earlier work by Halstead, targeting various neurocognitive functions.

Conditions characterized by average to above-average intelligence but significant difficulty in one or more academic areas, often accompanied by behavioral symptoms and sensory integration issues.

A language disorder that affects a child's ability to understand or use language.

A specific type of aphasia where a previously acquired language skill is affected.

The ability to integrate sensory information with motor actions, crucial for learning and movement.

Methods used to diagnose learning disabilities, considering behavioral issues, individual differences, and the specific nature of disabilities.

Tests used to identify possible learning disabilities in a classroom setting, for a quick initial assessment.

Standardized tests to measure the academic strengths and weaknesses of a child, comparing performance to their peers.

Tests like SB, WISC, WPPSI, and McCarthy scales assess overall intelligence and identify specific learning weaknesses (perception, memory, language).

These are observational tests, not psychometric, with no norms. They focus on identifying learning difficulties, not comparing scores to averages.

A test for ages 2-10, based on Osgood's communication model. It analyzes communication through channels (auditory-vocal, visual-motor), processes (receptive, organizing, expressive), and levels (representational, automatic).

A test used for assessing educational achievement and aptitude. It's individually administered, but a teacher can assist.

Uses various methods, from standardized tests to qualitative observations, to identify & address learning difficulties. It assesses learning potential (how quickly a child learns new tasks).

A part of dynamic assessment, focusing on a student's capacity to learn a new skill. First, the student is taught a task; after that they are assessed.

Reuven Feuerstein believed that cognitive difficulties in children are due to a lack of learning tools, not inherent deficits. Proper instruments and interventions can improve these children's learning abilities.

A process used to identify and address problem behaviors. It involves identifying the target behavior, selecting treatment, and evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment.

The specific behavior being identified and addressed in behavior assessment

The planned goals and strategies for modifying identified behaviors

Measuring the effect of interventions on the target behavior.

A method of gathering information about behavior through questionnaires, checklists, or self-monitoring.

Directly observing a person's behavior in either natural or simulated environments

Assessment techniques involving the body's physical responses, which may include neuropsychological, cardiovascular, or sexual functioning tests.

Interpreting a client's behavior and personality using a clinician's experience, rather than relying only on statistical methods.