10 Questions
What role did psychologists play in the investigation of the 'poor White problem' in the 1930s?
Psychologists played a prominent role in the investigation of the 'poor White problem' in the 1930s.
What findings from the investigation of the 'poor White problem' influenced policies?
Findings that attributed the underachievement of poor white children to factors such as malnutrition and poor education influenced policies to 'uplift poor white' and maintain racial domination.
How did the 1920s findings about the intelligence of the African population influence apartheid policies?
The findings, such as Fick's, that suggested the lower intelligence of the African population was innate, were used to influence and justify apartheid policies related to education, employment, right to vote, citizenship, etc.
What impact did the interventions for the 'poor White problem' have on the division between 'black' and 'white'?
The interventions for the 'poor White problem' made the division between 'black' and 'white' larger.
Why were the 1930s interventions for the 'poor White problem' criticized in relation to studies like Fick's?
The 1930s interventions for the 'poor White problem' were criticized because they were the kind of interventions that should have been put in place in studies such as Fick's, but were not.
What were the main political divisions within the psychology profession in South Africa in 1961, and what organizations were formed as a result?
The main political divisions were the split of the SA Psychological Association (SAPA) when black psychologists applied for membership, leading to the formation of PIRSA consisting mainly of Afrikaans-speaking psychologists. PASA was later formed in 1983, tending to side with the apartheid status quo, and PsySSA was launched in 1994 after PASA dissolved, representing a more inclusive group of South African psychologists.
How did community psychology develop in South Africa, and what was its relationship to apartheid?
Community psychology developed as part of a broad social resistance to the oppressive social engineering associated with apartheid. Academic psychologists in the early 1980s were the first to publicly oppose racial disparities in South African society and psychology's failure to acknowledge or respond to these social conditions.
What were the key characteristics of PIRSA and PASA, and how did they differ in their approach to membership and apartheid?
PIRSA consisted mainly of Afrikaans-speaking psychologists and only allowed white psychologists as members, while PASA was formed in 1983, tending to side with the apartheid status quo and members seemed unaware or dismissive of the brutal legacy of apartheid.
How did the formation of PsySSA in 1994 represent a shift in the representation of South African psychologists, and what was its significance?
The formation of PsySSA in 1994 represented a shift towards a more inclusive organization that was more representative of South African psychologists, unlike its predecessor PASA. This shift was significant in moving away from the apartheid-era divisions within the psychology profession.
What were the circumstances that led academic psychologists in the early 1980s to publicly oppose racial disparities in South African society and psychology's failure to acknowledge or respond to these social conditions?
Academic psychologists in the early 1980s were driven to publicly oppose racial disparities due to the oppressive social engineering associated with apartheid and psychology's failure to address these social conditions, leading to the development of community psychology as part of social resistance.
Quiz: Apartheid and Intelligence Testing in the 1920s Test your knowledge of intelligence testing and its role in justifying apartheid policies in the 1920s. Explore the use of intelligence tests to influence educational and social policies during this period, and the implications for racial discrimination.
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