Intellectual Revolution and Science Defined

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the focus of Earth Science?

  • The creation and invention of things to fulfill needs.
  • The transformation of society's views on nature through mathematics and physics.
  • The study of formal systems to produce knowledge.
  • The features and changes of the Earth. (correct)

Formal Sciences primarily rely on empirical observation and experimentation.

False (B)

What Greek words are the origin of the word Technology, and what do they mean?

The word technology comes from the Greek words 'technē' and 'logos,' meaning 'art' and 'word,' respectively.

The Intellectual Revolution was initiated during the 17th century, transforming society's views about ______.

<p>nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Intellectual Revolution?

<p>The creation of new research fields and a strong foundation for modern science. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following intellectual revolutions with their key figure:

<p>Copernican = Nicolaus Copernicus Darwinian = Charles Darwin Freudian = Sigmund Freud Information/Digital = Claude Shannon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines Technology as a product?

<p>The application of natural laws to solve practical problems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Intellectual Revolution solely involved scientific advancements and had no impact on societal beliefs or lifestyles.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity best exemplifies 'Science as a personal and social activity'?

<p>Studying the migration patterns of birds to understand and protect them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Applied science focuses primarily on discovering fundamental scientific principles, while pure science emphasizes the practical application of these principles to create new technologies.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Provide one practical example of how technology emerges from the application of scientific knowledge.

<p>smartphone</p> Signup and view all the answers

The branch of science concerned with the study of human society and the relationships among individuals is known as ______ science.

<p>social</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following branches of science with their primary focus:

<p>Life Science = Study of living organisms Physical Science = Study of matter and energy Social Science = Study of human society and relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is the LEAST aligned with the core principles of scientific inquiry?

<p>Relying solely on personal beliefs to explain natural phenomena. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does 'science as an idea' differ from 'science as a body of knowledge'?

<p>'Science as an idea' encompasses theoretical explanations, while 'science as a body of knowledge' is the accumulated subject matter and disciplines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a research project aims to invent a new type of solar panel using unconventional materials, it is solely classified as applied science.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most important indicator of a presentation scoring 'Advanced' in 'Understanding of the Topic' according to the rubric?

<p>Factual information is accurate and indicates a clear understanding of the topic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the rubric, a presentation that shows confidence, is informative, and engages the audience would be rated as 'Beginning' in presentation skills.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two characteristics of a presentation that would score high ('Advanced') in the 'Creativity' criterion, based on the rubric.

<p>Excellent creativity, use of various materials and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the rubric, a group that readily accepts others' ideas, is able to compromise, and involves all members contributing demonstrates excellent _______.

<p>cooperation</p> Signup and view all the answers

A presentation in which factual information is somewhat accurate and the presenter shows a fair understanding of the topic would be rated as what in 'Understanding of the Topic'?

<p>Progressing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A group where one person does all the work demonstrates a high level of cooperation, according to the rubric.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these characteristics is LEAST likely to be associated with an 'Advanced' rating in the 'Presentation' category?

<p>Mumbling and lacking body language (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the presentation quality with its corresponding performance level based on the provided rubric:

<p>Factual information is accurate and indicates a clear understanding of the topic = Advanced Factual information is somewhat accurate and a fair understanding of topic = Progressing Factual information is mostly accurate and good understanding of topic = Competent Information is inaccurate and speaker is off topic = Beginning</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Science

Comes from the latin word "Scientia" which means "to know". It involves learning new facts through problem-solving and the systematic study of the natural world via observation and experiment.

Science as an idea

Ideas, theories, systematic explanations, and observations about the natural and physical world.

Science as an activity

Systematic and practical study of the natural and physical world through observation and experimentation.

Science as knowledge

A field of study that deals with the process of learning about the natural and physical world. What we learn in school.

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Science as a social activity

Knowledge and activities done by humans to better understand the world, improve life and survive. It is interwoven with people’s lives.

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Pure Science

Searching for knowledge, ideas, or information for the sake of understanding.

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Applied Science

Searching for the uses of knowledge, ideas, or information. What we use it for.

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Technology

The craft, tool, material, instrument or machine, and the product of applying scientific knowledge.

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Earth Science

The study of Earth's features and changes.

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Formal Sciences

Uses formal systems to explore Mathematics, Logic, Computer Science, and IT.

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Intellectual Revolution

A period of enlightenment in the 17th century that changed views about nature.

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Fields transformed during Intellectual Revolution

Mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry

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Mark of Intellectual Revolution

Questioning traditional dogmas/values

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Significance of Intellectual Revolution

Development of human beings

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Examples of Revolution

Copernican, Darwinian, Freudian and Information/Digital Revolutions

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Topic Understanding

Understanding of the topic is reflected by the accuracy of information presented.

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Presentation skills

How confident, informative, and engaging the presentation is for the audience.

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Presentation Creativity

The degree to which the presentation uses unique and imaginative elements.

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Group Cooperation

The ability to work effectively with others, accept ideas, and compromise.

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Advanced Understanding

Factual, clear understanding of topic.

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Competent Understanding

Mostly accurate and good understanding of topic.

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Progressing Understanding

Somewhat accurate and fair undertanding of topic.

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Beginning Understanding

Information inaccurate; and presentation is off topic.

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Study Notes

  • Module 1 aims to cover general concepts and historical events in science, technology, and society
  • Lesson 1 will discuss Intellectual Revolution and the Defined Society

Science

  • In Latin Scientia means to know
  • The term involves learning new facts and problem solving
  • Encompasses systematic study of physical and natural world
  • Through observation and experimentation (scientific method),
  • Science includes ideas, theories, and explanations about the natural and physical world.
  • Science encompasses a systematic study of the natural and physical world involving systematic observation and experimentation.
  • Science as a body of knowledge is learning about the natural and physical world, similar to school science.
  • Science as a personal and social activity is intertwoven in human lives
  • It helps people to develop better understanding of the world around them to improve and survive life

Classification of Scientific Research

  • Pure Science focuses on searching for just knowledge, ideas, and information
  • Applied Science searches for the uses of knowledge, ideas, and information
  • Technology provides us with the craft, tool, material, instrument, apparatus, or machine through product of applying the scientific knowledge

Main Branch of Science

  • Social Science is a field concerned with human society and the relationships within it.
  • Sub-fields include economics, geography, political science, anthropology, history, archeology, linguistics, law, and sociology.
  • Natural Science deals with the natural world
  • Natural Science is concerned with the phenomena and objects of nature and the physical world
  • Natural Science involved with comprehension, description, and prediction of natural phenomena using empirical and observational evidence

Branch Natural Science

  • Life Sciences studies all living things development, changes features, and history
  • Physical Science is the study about matter and energy
  • Earth Science studies features and changes of the Earth

Formal Science

  • Formal science uses formal systems to produce knowledge and explore different disciplines.
  • Formal sciences ranges from Mathematics, Logic to Computer Science and Information Technology

Technology

  • The term comes from the Greek words technê and logos meaning art and word respectively, involves creating/inventing things
  • This involves creating things that fulfill needs and desires
  • Technology is the product of the application of understanding natural laws to solve practical problems

Intellectual Revolution

  • It is a movement of enlightenment initiated during the 17th century
  • Developments in the fields of mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature
  • The ideas generated during this period to enabled society to reflect, rethink, and reexamine their beliefs and way of life
  • Scientific experiments and philosophical writing became trendy.
  • It was the golden age for people committed to scholarly life in science
  • Marked by questioning of traditional dogmas and values
  • There were scientific individuals that led to their painful death or condemnation from the religious institutions who try to persevere their faith, religion, and theological view
  • The revolution is significant in the development of human beings, transformation of society, and in the formulation of scientific ideas
  • It improves the conduct of scientific investigations, experiment, and observations
  • Led to the creation of new research fields in science and prompted the establishment of a strong foundation for modern science

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