Integumentary System Quiz

Areolar and dense connective tissue.

Epidermal ridges and dermal papillae.

They provide toughness and elasticity to the skin.

<p>Body temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Friction ridges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Epidermis and dermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratified squamous epithelium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It binds the skin to underlying tissues and insulates to conserve body heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratum basale (or stratum germinativum), and it consists of dividing cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are older skin cells, derived from basal cells, that accumulate keratin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keratinization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection against water loss, mechanical injury, and microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dermal blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>lunula</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dermis or subcutaneous layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hair bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>dead</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratum lucidum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect DNA against UV radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eumelanin is brownish-black and pheomelanin is reddish-yellow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratum basale</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stratum corneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poorly oxygenated blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental and physiological factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melanocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To cause goosebumps by contracting in response to cold temperatures or emotional upset.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It waterproofs and moisturizes the hair shafts and skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eccrine glands respond to body temperature and secrete onto the skin surface, while apocrine glands respond to emotional state, fear, or sexual arousal and secrete into hair follicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melanin determines the color of hair and skin and protects skin against UV radiation from the sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vasodilation of dermal blood vessels and activation of sweat glands contribute to cooling down the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vasoconstriction of dermal blood vessels, inactivation of sweat glands and shivering help retain heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The formation of a blood clot which forms a scab.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They migrate to the area and secrete collagen fibers to bind the edges of the wound together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rounded masses formed in large wounds containing new blood vessels and fibroblasts to repair the wound. They eventually regress to leave a scar.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Redness is caused by vasodilation, heat by increased blood flow and metabolic activity, swelling by fluid accumulation, and pain by damage to neurons and edema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Waterproofing, housing sensory receptors, excreting waste, and assisting in Vitamin D production, are all functions of the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ceruminous glands secrete earwax which traps dust and pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eumelanin produces brownish-black hair, while pheomelanin produces reddish-yellow hair.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of melanin production or older age causes albinism; a mixture of pigmented and unpigmented hair causes gray hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the gland that controls the mechanisms that allow the skin to maintain body temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The outermost, visible part of a hair, formed from dead, keratinized cells.

A tube-like structure in the skin that encloses a hair root. It dips into the dermis or subcutaneous layer.

The deepest part of the hair root at the base of the hair follicle where new hair cells are formed.

The half-moon shaped structure at the base of the nail plate, representing the most actively growing region of the nail root.

The hard, protective covering over the ends of fingers and toes, composed of keratinized cells.

The layer of skin beneath the epidermis, connecting it to underlying tissues. It's composed of connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers, offering strength and flexibility to the skin.

These are projections from the dermis that extend upward into the epidermis. They create the characteristic patterns of fingerprints, making each individual unique.

The dermis contains a network of blood vessels that provide nourishment to the upper layers of the skin and help regulate body temperature.

The dermis is home to various structures like hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, and nerve fibers. All these structures play crucial roles in our skin's functions.

The dermis is responsible for the skin's elasticity and resilience, allowing it to stretch and return to its original shape. This is due to the presence of elastic fibers within the dermis.

The outermost layer of the epidermis, made up of dead, flattened cells filled with keratin.

The innermost layer of the epidermis, where new skin cells are produced.

A layer found only in the thick skin of the palms and soles, located between the stratum granulosum and the stratum corneum.

A layer of the epidermis where cells begin to flatten and produce keratin.

A layer of the epidermis where cells start to divide and produce proteins.

Special cells that produce melanin, a pigment that gives skin and hair its color.

A pigment produced by melanocytes, it protects the skin from UV radiation.

The reddish-yellow pigment found in areas like the lips.

Largest organ in the human body by weight, responsible for forming a barrier between the internal and external environments.

The outermost layer of the skin, made of stratified squamous epithelium, lacking blood vessels.

The process by which keratinocytes migrate outward, harden, dehydrate, and die, forming a protective layer.

A fibrous protein that accumulates in keratinocytes during keratinization, giving the epidermis its tough and protective properties.

A layer underneath the dermis, consisting of areolar and adipose tissues, that binds the skin to underlying structures.

The process by which the body regulates temperature by controlling the flow of blood through dermal blood vessels.

The process by which cells release their contents, causing the cell to break down. This happens in the sebaceous glands, releasing sebum.

Type of sweat gland found mostly on the forehead, neck, and back. They activate in response to body temperature and release sweat onto the skin surface.

A type of sweat gland that is active at puberty. Found in the armpits and groin, they are stimulated by fear, excitement, pain, or sexual arousal.

The oily substance produced by the sebaceous glands, which waterproofs and moisturizes the skin and hair.

The scientific name for sweat glands. They are merocrine glands, meaning they release their contents via exocytosis.

A bundle of smooth muscle cells that attach to each hair follicle. When contracted, they cause goosebumps.

The process by which cells release their contents through vesicles without destroying the cell. This happens in eccrine and apocrine sweat glands.

The process of blood vessels widening, allowing more blood to flow through the skin.

The process of blood vessels narrowing, reducing blood flow through the skin.

A process used by the body to control temperature by sweating, the activation of sweat glands.

The state of having an abnormally low body temperature.

The state of having an abnormally high body temperature.