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Questions and Answers
What type of barriers does the Integumentary system form?
What type of barriers does the Integumentary system form?
- Biological barrier (correct)
- Physical barrier (correct)
- Chemical barrier
- All of the above
What major organ system prevents dehydration?
What major organ system prevents dehydration?
Skin
The Integumentary system helps prevent heat loss.
The Integumentary system helps prevent heat loss.
True (A)
What are the two major layers of the Integumentary system?
What are the two major layers of the Integumentary system?
Which of the two major layers of the Integumentary system has epithelial tissue and does not contain blood vessels?
Which of the two major layers of the Integumentary system has epithelial tissue and does not contain blood vessels?
What layer of the skin has blood vessels?
What layer of the skin has blood vessels?
The dermis is mostly made of ____ tissue.
The dermis is mostly made of ____ tissue.
How does the epidermis receive its nutrients?
How does the epidermis receive its nutrients?
The hypodermis is not technically part of the skin.
The hypodermis is not technically part of the skin.
What layer of the Integumentary system is deep to the dermis?
What layer of the Integumentary system is deep to the dermis?
What layer of the Integumentary system anchors the skin to deeper structures?
What layer of the Integumentary system anchors the skin to deeper structures?
The hypodermis is a shock absorber because it is mostly a layer of ____ tissue.
The hypodermis is a shock absorber because it is mostly a layer of ____ tissue.
What are the four types of cells found in the epidermis?
What are the four types of cells found in the epidermis?
Melanocytes are the most common cell type in the epidermis.
Melanocytes are the most common cell type in the epidermis.
Where are keratinocytes produced?
Where are keratinocytes produced?
What cell type produces keratin?
What cell type produces keratin?
What happens to the production of keratinocytes in areas of high wear?
What happens to the production of keratinocytes in areas of high wear?
What substance do melanocytes produce?
What substance do melanocytes produce?
Melanin is passed to keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin is passed to keratinocytes via melanosomes.
What pigment absorbs energy from UV light?
What pigment absorbs energy from UV light?
What does UV light do to superficial skin cells?
What does UV light do to superficial skin cells?
What happens to the production of melanin when your skin is exposed to less UV light?
What happens to the production of melanin when your skin is exposed to less UV light?
What are immune cells that engulf and destroy in the epidermis?
What are immune cells that engulf and destroy in the epidermis?
Epidermal dendritic cells are an example of a fixed ______ in the skin.
Epidermal dendritic cells are an example of a fixed ______ in the skin.
Where are Merkel cells located?
Where are Merkel cells located?
What cell in the epidermis is associated with free nerve endings?
What cell in the epidermis is associated with free nerve endings?
What are strata (in general)?
What are strata (in general)?
Thin skin is composed of 5 layers.
Thin skin is composed of 5 layers.
How many layers are in the epidermis in thick skin?
How many layers are in the epidermis in thick skin?
What is an example of somewhere on the human body that you would find thick skin?
What is an example of somewhere on the human body that you would find thick skin?
What are the five layers of the epidermis?
What are the five layers of the epidermis?
Which of the layers is the deepest layer?
Which of the layers is the deepest layer?
Keratinocytes reproduce in what layer of the epidermis?
Keratinocytes reproduce in what layer of the epidermis?
In which layer of the epidermis do the keratinocytes fill with intermediate filaments?
In which layer of the epidermis do the keratinocytes fill with intermediate filaments?
In the stratum spinosum, cells are bound together with _____.
In the stratum spinosum, cells are bound together with _____.
In which layer of the epidermis do keratinocytes fill with keratin and lamellated granules?
In which layer of the epidermis do keratinocytes fill with keratin and lamellated granules?
What is the purpose of having lamellated granules in skin cells?
What is the purpose of having lamellated granules in skin cells?
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Study Notes
Integumentary System Overview
- Forms biological and physical barriers to protect the body.
- Major organ system responsible for preventing dehydration is the skin.
- Helps prevent heat loss from the body.
Structural Layers
- The Integumentary system is made up of two major layers: the epidermis and the dermis.
- Epidermis consists of epithelial tissue and lacks blood vessels.
- Dermis contains blood vessels and is primarily composed of connective tissue.
Hypodermis
- The hypodermis is located beneath the dermis and is not technically part of the skin.
- Functions to anchor the skin to deeper structures and acts as a shock absorber due to its adipose tissue content.
Epidermis Cell Types
- Four main cell types in the epidermis:
- Keratinocytes - most common, produce keratin, originate from the Stratum Basale.
- Melanocytes - produce melanin, which is transferred to keratinocytes via melanosomes.
- Epidermal dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) - act as immune cells that engulf foreign substances.
- Tactile cells (Merkel cells) - associated with sensory nerve endings.
Skin Layers
- The epidermis is composed of 5 layers in thick skin:
- Stratum Basale - deepest layer where keratinocytes are produced.
- Stratum Spinosum - where keratinocytes fill with intermediate filaments and are bound by desmosomes.
- Stratum Granulosum - features cells filled with keratin and lamellated granules containing waterproofing substances.
- Stratum Lucidum - only found in thick skin.
- Stratum Corneum - outermost layer composed of dead keratinized cells.
Effects of UV Light
- Melanin absorbs UV light, protecting DNA in superficial skin cells from damage.
- Production of melanin increases with UV exposure; decreased exposure leads to reduced production.
Skin Thickness
- Thin skin consists of four layers, whereas thick skin contains five.
- Examples of thick skin locations include palms and soles.
Keratinocyte Production and Function
- Keratinocytes reproduce in the Stratum Basale and migrate upwards, undergoing changes as they move through the layers.
- Increased friction or wear in skin leads to a rise in keratin production, resulting in thick callus formation.
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