Integumentary System Overview

Integumentary System Overview

• The integumentary system is a complex system that protects the body from external damage, regulates body temperature, and aids in the senses of touch and feel.
• It consists of the skin, hair, nails, and associated glands.

Functions of the Integumentary System

• Protection: shields the body from external factors such as mechanical injury, UV radiation, and infection
• Thermoregulation: helps regulate body temperature through sweating and vasodilation/vasoconstriction
• Sensory perception: contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
• Water and electrolyte balance: helps regulate the balance of fluids and electrolytes through sweating
• Aid in vitamin D production: skin exposure to UV radiation triggers vitamin D production

Skin Structure

• Epidermis: outermost layer, composed of stratified squamous epithelium
• Dermis: middle layer, composed of connective tissue
• Hypodermis: innermost layer, composed of subcutaneous tissue
• Skin layers: from outermost to innermost: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Skin Functions

• Barrier function: prevents water loss and entry of foreign substances
• Immune function: contains immune cells such as Langerhans cells and keratinocytes
• Regulation of body temperature: through sweating and vasodilation/vasoconstriction
• Sensory function: contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature

Associated Glands

• Sweat glands: produce sweat to regulate body temperature and aid in water and electrolyte balance
• Sebaceous glands: produce sebum to lubricate and protect the skin
• Ceruminous glands: produce cerumen to protect the ear canal

Hair and Nails

• Hair: protects the skin, regulates body temperature, and aids in sensory perception
• Nails: protect the tips of fingers and toes, and aid in sensory perception

Integumentary System Overview

• Protects the body from external damage, regulates body temperature, and aids in the senses of touch and feel
• Comprised of skin, hair, nails, and associated glands

Functions of the Integumentary System

• Shields the body from external factors such as mechanical injury, UV radiation, and infection
• Regulates body temperature through sweating and vasodilation/vasoconstriction
• Contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
• Regulates the balance of fluids and electrolytes through sweating
• Aids in vitamin D production through skin exposure to UV radiation

Skin Structure

• Epidermis: outermost layer, composed of stratified squamous epithelium
• Dermis: middle layer, composed of connective tissue
• Hypodermis: innermost layer, composed of subcutaneous tissue
• Skin layers: from outermost to innermost: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Skin Functions

• Prevents water loss and entry of foreign substances through barrier function
• Contains immune cells such as Langerhans cells and keratinocytes for immune function
• Regulates body temperature through sweating and vasodilation/vasoconstriction
• Contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, and temperature for sensory function

Associated Glands

• Sweat glands: produce sweat to regulate body temperature and aid in water and electrolyte balance
• Sebaceous glands: produce sebum to lubricate and protect the skin
• Ceruminous glands: produce cerumen to protect the ear canal

Hair and Nails

• Hair: protects the skin, regulates body temperature, and aids in sensory perception
• Nails: protect the tips of fingers and toes, and aid in sensory perception