Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of joint is represented by the epiphyseal plate in growing long bones?
Which type of joint is represented by the epiphyseal plate in growing long bones?
What is the primary function of kinesin and dynein motor molecules?
What is the primary function of kinesin and dynein motor molecules?
Which statement about intermediate filaments is false?
Which statement about intermediate filaments is false?
What results from placing a cell in a hypertonic solution?
What results from placing a cell in a hypertonic solution?
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Where is the primary motor cortex located in the brain?
Where is the primary motor cortex located in the brain?
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What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
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What is the osmotic pressure of a solution primarily dependent on?
What is the osmotic pressure of a solution primarily dependent on?
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Which type of joint is formed when two bones fuse together?
Which type of joint is formed when two bones fuse together?
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Study Notes
Integumentary System - False Statements
- No specific false statements provided in the study material.
Motor Molecules
-
Myosin:
- Crawls on microfilaments.
- Composed of G actin monomers.
- Functions: cell support/shape, vesicle transport, cell movement (crawling), cell division.
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Kinesin & Dynein:
- Travel along microtubules.
- Made of tubulin subunits.
- Functions: organelle transport, large cell projection movement, chromosome separation during division.
-
Intermediate Filaments:
- Lack motor molecules.
- Typically made of keratin.
- Functions: reinforce cell junctions, prevent cell separation, structural component in hair & nails.
Joints
-
Synchondroses:
- Temporary joints.
- Eventually replaced by bone.
- Example: epiphyseal plate.
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Syndesmoses:
- Fibrous joint.
- Collagen fibers connect parallel bones.
- Amphiarthrotic (slightly movable).
- Example: tibiofibular ligament.
-
Sutures:
- Fibrous joint.
- Located in the skull.
- Short collagen fibers.
-
Synostosis:
- Fused bones.
- Also known as bony joint.
Central Dogma
-
Transcription:
- RNA synthesis.
- First step in the central dogma.
- DNA → RNA.
-
Translation:
- Protein synthesis.
- RNA → protein.
-
Ribosomes:
- Eukaryotic: 40S and 60S subunits.
- Prokaryotic: 50S and 30S subunits.
Brain Regions and Functions
- Primary Motor Cortex: Located in the precentral gyrus.
- Cerebellum: Responsible for balance and equilibrium.
- Occipital Lobe: Processes visual information.
- Temporal Lobe: Processes auditory information.
Osmosis
-
Osmotic Pressure:
- Solution's tendency to absorb water due to osmolarity.
-
Hydrostatic Pressure:
- Pressure exerted by water volume/gravity.
-
Isotonic Solution:
- Same solute concentration as the cell´s cytosol.
-
Hypertonic Solution:
- Higher solute concentration than the cell, causing water loss.
- Cell shrinkage (crenation).
-
Hypotonic Solution:
- Lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water gain.
- Cell swelling (lysis).
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Description
Test your knowledge of the integumentary system, motor molecules like myosin, kinesin, and dynein, as well as various types of joints. This quiz covers key functions, structures, and examples to assess your understanding of these biological concepts.
