Integumentary System and Fingerprints
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Questions and Answers

What type of fingerprint pattern represents the majority of the population?

  • Whirl
  • Delta
  • Arch
  • Loop (correct)

Which fingerprint pattern is characterized by no deltas?

  • Radical
  • Arch (correct)
  • Whirl
  • Loop

What is a key feature of level one fingerprint comparison?

  • Chemical residue detection
  • Classification into basic patterns (correct)
  • Detailed minutiae analysis
  • Identifying visible prints only

What can cause fingerprints to become more identifiable after recording?

<p>Skin diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of print is created in a soft pliable substance and can be left behind as an impression?

<p>Plastic print (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and receptor cells?

<p>Dermis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What main components are found in the epidermis?

<p>Melanin and fingerprints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the patterns formed by ridges and furrows in fingerprints change throughout life?

<p>They do not normally change throughout a person's life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the integumentary system is considered the largest organ system in the human body?

<p>Skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of skin is responsible for containing fat and larger blood vessels?

<p>Hypodermis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes synthetic fibers from natural fibers?

<p>Synthetic fibers are made from petrochemicals through polymerization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a regenerated fiber?

<p>Rayon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animal sources is NOT typically used for fibers?

<p>Cotton from goats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to synthetic fibers when exposed to heat?

<p>They melt. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What forensic question helps determine whether fibers are natural or synthetic?

<p>What type of weaving pattern exists? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique uses a fine powder to reveal latent fingerprints?

<p>Dusting for prints (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color does Ninhydrin produce when it reacts with amino acids?

<p>Purplish blue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lifting prints with cellophane tape?

<p>To permanently store fingerprint evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of hair is responsible for providing structure?

<p>Cortex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cross-section does Asian hair typically have?

<p>Round (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary protein found in hair?

<p>Keratin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hair pattern is described as shingle-shaped?

<p>Imbricate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of melanin in hair?

<p>To provide color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of evidence is represented by fibers?

<p>Trace evidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inner layer of hair called?

<p>Medulla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Epidermis

The outer layer of skin, consisting of multiple layers of cells. It's thicker on the palms and feet and contains melanin, fingerprints, and other unique patterns.

Dermis

The middle layer of skin, responsible for hair follicles, sweat glands, and blood vessels.

Hypodermis

The innermost layer of skin, containing fat and connective tissue.

Fingerprints

The raised lines on the surface of fingers, they are formed by ridges and furrows.

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Fingerprint permanence

These patterns remain stable throughout a person's life, making them valuable for identification.

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Loop Fingerprint Pattern

The most common fingerprint pattern, accounting for 65% of the population. It has one delta and one core.

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Arch Fingerprint Pattern

The rarest fingerprint pattern, with only 5% of the population having this pattern. It does not have a delta.

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Level Three Fingerprint Comparison

Fingerprint details that include minutiae, like ridges, ridges ending, bifurcations, and pores.

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Patent Fingerprint

Visible prints can be seen with the naked eye. These are often found in substances like ink, grease, or blood.

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Plastic Fingerprint

Fingerprint left in a soft, pliable substance like clay, putty, or wet paint. These can be easily distorted.

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Wool

A type of natural fiber derived from animals, typically sheep, but can also come from other animals like alpacas or llamas.

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Regenerated Fibers

Fibers made from cellulose sources, like wood pulp or cotton, that are chemically manipulated to create new materials.

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Synthetic Fibers

Fibers created from petroleum-based chemicals, often through polymerization.

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Elastomers

A type of synthetic fiber with unique elastic properties, commonly used in clothing and other applications.

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Fiber Analysis

The process of examining fibers with a microscope to compare their characteristics and determine their origin.

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Dusting for prints

A method of visualizing latent fingerprints by applying a fine powder using a brush. The powder can be colored, magnetic, or fluorescent, allowing for better visibility on different surfaces.

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Ninhydrin

A chemical that reacts with amino acids found in fingerprints to form a purplish-blue image. This method takes time unless heat is applied, making it a slower process.

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Iodine

A chemical that reacts with the oils in fingerprints to form a brown image. It's a relatively quick and simple method for visualizing prints.

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Cyanoacrylate (superglue) fuming

A technique that uses cyanoacrylate vapor, commonly known as superglue, to react with amino acids in fingerprints to form a white image. It's often employed in a fuming chamber.

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Lifting prints

A technique used to preserve fingerprints. It involves transferring a print from a surface onto a card using cellophane tape for permanent storage.

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Pinnascopy

The study of ear shape patterns, which can be found on various surfaces like windows, doors, and mirrors. These patterns can be used for identification purposes.

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Cheiloscopy

The study of lip groove patterns, which can also be used for identification. These patterns are unique to each individual and can be found on surfaces where lips have been in contact.

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Cuticle (hair)

The outer layer of hair, consisting of overlapping scales that resemble shingles or scales. This layer is most susceptible to environmental damage.

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Cortex (hair)

The middle layer of hair, responsible for its elasticity. It contains melanin, which determines hair color, and moisture.

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Medulla (hair)

The innermost layer of the hair shaft, containing spongy cells that form a specific pattern for each species. In humans, the medulla can be absent, forming an empty canal.

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Study Notes

Fingerprints

  • Fingerprints are ridges and furrows on the skin.
  • These patterns are formed by ridges and furrows.
  • These patterns do not change throughout a person's lifetime, except in cases of significant skin trauma
  • Skin is a part of the integumentary system.
  • The integumentary system includes skin, hair, and nails.
  • Skin is the largest organ system in the human body, weighing 25 pounds.
  • Skin has three layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.
  • Epidermis is the outermost layer. Its layers include stratum corneum, which is 25 to 30 cell layers thick in palms and feet. It also contains melanin, fingerprints, palm prints, and more.
  • Dermis is the middle layer consisting of protein that contains hair follicles, oil glands, sweat glands and blood vessels.
  • Hypodermis or subcutaneous layer is the bottom layer which contains fat and connective tissues with larger blood vessels and nerves.

Fingerprint Patterns

  • Common fingerprint patterns: arch, loop, and whorl.
  • Arch patterns: make up 5% of the population, have no deltas.
  • Loop patterns: make up about 65% of the population, have one delta and one core.
  • Whorl patterns: make up 10% of the population, have two deltas.

Fingerprint Identification Methods

  • IAFIS (Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System) - a classification system that is still commonly used today for identifying fingerprints.
  • Henry fingerprint classification system is a system of identifying fingerprints.
  • Level 1, 2, and 3 classification details for matching.
  • Level 1: general patterns (arch, loop, whorl)
  • Level 2: minutiae details (ridge endings, bifurcations).
  • Level 3: pores, ridge shape, and details.

Fingerprint Comparison

  • Loops, whorls, and arches are the main features used in comparisons.
  • Loops have one delta and one core.
  • Whorls have two deltas.
  • Arches have no deltas.

Fingerprint Visualization

  • Techniques to visualize fingerprints include dusting with powders, using ninhydrin to react with amino acids, and using iodine.
  • Powders can be colored, magnetic, or fluorescent
  • Ninhydrin: reacts with amino acids to form a purplish blue image
  • Iodine: reacts with oils forming a brown image
  • Cyanoacrylate (superglue) is used in a fuming chamber to react with amino acids forming a white image.

Preserving Fingerprints

  • Cellophane tape is used to lift prints from surfaces to be stored.
  • Photocopies and digital images are taken of prints for further studies.

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Related Documents

Fingerprints Notes PDF

Description

This quiz covers key concepts related to fingerprints and the integumentary system. You'll explore the structure of skin, its layers, and the permanence of fingerprint patterns. Test your knowledge on different types of fingerprint patterns and the functions of each skin layer.

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