Integumentary Structures Derived from Epidermis

Nails, hair, and exocrine glands.

Dead keratinocytes.

They protect the distal tips of the digits during jumping, kicking, or catching, and assist in grasping objects.

<p>A darker colored part of the nail that covers a layer of epidermis called the nail bed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be indicative of a person's overall health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overexposure to water or certain household chemicals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A layer of epidermis that contains only the deeper, living cell layers of the epidermis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The proximal part of the nail embedded in the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lanugo</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Terminal hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hair bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cuticle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arrector pili</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specialized type</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hair bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nail pitting is likely a symptom of another disorder, and possible underlying disorders associated with it include psoriasis, alopecia areata, dermatitis, or a connective tissue disorder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nail clubbing is the enlargement of the tip of the finger and the edges of the nail growing and curving around the tip, and it is often associated with hypoxia and conditions such as smoking, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Onychomycosis is a fungal infection that occurs in nails constantly exposed to warmth and moisture, and it causes yellowish discoloration, thickened nail, and brittle, cracked edges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yellow nail syndrome is a condition where growth and thickening of the nail slows or stops, and it is often associated with respiratory disease, such as chronic bronchitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beau's lines are horizontal ridges that run across the nail, and they indicate a temporary interference with nail growth at the time this portion of the nail was formed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nail body appears darker or pinkish in color because of the blood flowing in the underlying capillaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lunula is the whitish, semilunar area of the proximal end of the nail body, and its lighter-colored appearance is due to a thickened stratum basale that obscures the underlying blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The eponychium is a narrow band of epidermis extending from the margin of the nail wall onto the nail body, and it acts as a barrier to prevent bacteria and other foreign substances from entering the nail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hyponychium is the area of thickened epithelium underlying the free edge of the nail, and it provides additional support and protection to the nail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spoon nails, or koilonychia, is a nail malformation where the outer surface of the nails are concave instead of convex, and it is often associated with iron deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerumen traps foreign particles or small insects, while tiny hairs in the meatus help filter them out, preventing them from reaching the eardrum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To produce breast milk, a secretion that nourishes offspring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Apocrine sweat glands produce a secretion that is high in protein and lipids, whereas merocrine sweat glands produce a clear, watery secretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the hair and skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The development of mammary glands and their secretions are controlled by a complex interaction between gonadal and pituitary hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermoregulation by evaporation of fluid from the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>99% water and 1% other chemicals, including electrolytes, metabolites, and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>viscous, cloudy, contains proteins and lipids, and is acted upon by bacteria to produce a distinct odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contract to squeeze the gland, causing it to discharge its accumulated secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>to keep the skin and hair from becoming dry, brittle, and cracked, and has bactericidal properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Into hair follicles in the axillae, around the nipples, in the pubic region, and in the anal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased sweat gland production and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hormones, especially male sex hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>modified apocrine sweat glands located in the external acoustic meatus (ear canal)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They dilute harmful chemicals and prevent the growth of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>plugged ducts of sebaceous (oil) glands, caused by increased hormone levels stimulating sebaceous gland secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the dermis, near hair follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melanin synthesized in the matrix adjacent to the hair papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To release oily secretions into hair follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>to form a waterproof earwax</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>during puberty, when the production of sex hormones increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An excess of male sex hormones, either through a medical condition or certain medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>they produce secretions that are acted upon by bacteria, resulting in a distinct, noticeable odor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entrapping particles and preventing their entry deeper into the respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preventing the loss of conducted heat from the scalp to the surrounding air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>comedo, papule, pustule, nodule, and cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anagen phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between 10 and 100 hairs per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An autoimmune disorder where the body mistakes selected hair follicles as foreign and attacks them</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A combination of genetic and hormonal influences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive hairiness in body areas that normally do not have terminal hair</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detection of light touch</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>White hair</p> Signup and view all the answers