Insulin Therapy in Medical-Surgical Nursing

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What is the primary advantage of using an insulin pump?

It allows for more frequent injections

It eliminates the need for mealtime insulin

It is a more convenient method of administration

It provides tight glucose control (correct)

What is the purpose of background insulin in type 1 diabetes management?

To control glucose levels during meals

To control glucose levels between meals and overnight (correct)

To provide rapid-acting insulin coverage

To provide a combination of mealtime and basal coverage

Why is optimal glucose control less likely with premixed insulin formulas?

Because they are less convenient to use

Because they are more expensive

Because they are only used for mealtime coverage

Because they have less flexibility in dosing (correct)

What is the primary responsibility of the nurse when caring for a patient receiving insulin therapy?

Assessing the patient's response to insulin therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using regular insulin IV?

It has a more rapid onset of action Signup and view all the answers

How often is the insertion site changed for an insulin pump?

Every 2 or 3 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of combination insulin therapy?

It provides both mealtime and basal coverage with one injection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nursing care for a patient receiving insulin therapy?

To ensure safe management of insulin therapy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor contributing to the development of microvascular complications?

Chronic hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a risk factor associated with macrovascular complications?

Sedentary lifestyle Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading common cause of new cases of adult blindness in diabetes?

Diabetes-related retinopathy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of nonproliferative retinopathy?

Partial occlusion of the small blood vessels in the retina Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men with DM compared to those without DM?

What is the result of thickening of the vessel membranes in the capillaries and arterioles?

Microvascular complications Signup and view all the answers

In which areas of the body are microvascular complications most noticeably affected?

Eyes, kidneys, and nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of certain diseases?

Essential hypertension and dyslipidemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum fasting plasma glucose level required for a diagnosis of diabetes?

126mg/dL (7.0mmol/L) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a 2-hour plasma glucose level during an OGTT?

To diagnose diabetes in a patient with classic symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes requires exogenous insulin to survive?

Type 1 diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nutritional therapy in diabetes management?

To reduce symptoms and promote well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum A1C level required for a diagnosis of diabetes?

6.5% or greater Signup and view all the answers

In what type of situations may people with type 2 diabetes require exogenous insulin?

During periods of severe stress Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the technology used to derive human insulin from common bacteria or yeast cells?

Recombinant DNA technology Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of self-monitoring of blood glucose in diabetes management?

To prevent acute complications related to hypo- or hyperglycemia Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of patients with diabetes are estimated to have some degree of neuropathy?

60%-70% Signup and view all the answers

At what point should screening for neuropathy begin in patients with type 1 diabetes?

5 years after diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of sensory neuropathy in diabetes?

Distal symmetric neuropathy Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of distal symmetric neuropathy?

Loss of sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes?

Hypoglycemia unawareness Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated percentage of nontraumatic amputations in the United States that are performed on people with diabetes?

More than 60% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring serum creatinine in patients with diabetes?

To estimate glomerular filtration rate Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to screen for nephropathy annually in patients with diabetes?

To assess for albuminuria and measure the albumin-to-creatinine ratio Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is not typically associated with delayed gastric emptying?

Headache Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for diabetic neuropathy?

Control of blood glucose Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a cardiovascular abnormality that can occur in diabetic patients?

Painless myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is a common manifestation of autonomic neuropathy in men with diabetes?

Erectile dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

How many methods are available to diagnose diabetes?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of repeat testing in diagnosing diabetes?

To confirm the diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is not a common complication of autonomic neuropathy?

Fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of controlling blood glucose levels in diabetic patients?

Preventing diabetic neuropathy Signup and view all the answers