35 Questions
What is the primary function of the insulin receptor?
To phosphorylate tyrosine residues and activate insulin receptor substrate
What is the effect of insulin on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue?
Increases glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
What is the role of AS160 in insulin signaling?
To regulate the movement of GLUT4 vesicles to the cell surface
What is the effect of insulin on PFK-1 in the liver?
Stimulates PFK-1 activity
What is the role of AKT/PKB in insulin signaling?
To phosphorylate and activate many targets that regulate cell growth and survival
What is the effect of insulin on gluconeogenesis in the liver?
Inhibits gluconeogenesis
What is the function of PEPCK in gluconeogenesis?
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in gluconeogenesis
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin receptor activates insulin receptor substrate?
Through phosphorylation of tyrosine residues
What is the downstream effect of PI3K activation in insulin signaling?
Production of PIP3, which activates AKT
In what tissue does insulin signaling lead to increased lipid synthesis?
Adipose tissue
What is the effect of insulin signaling on glycogenolysis in the liver?
Inhibition
What is the role of AKT in insulin signaling in growth control?
Phosphorylating many different targets that are key regulators of cell growth and survival
What is the upstream signaling event that leads to AKT activation in insulin signaling?
Binding of PIP3 to AKT
What is the effect of insulin signaling on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue?
Increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue
Which protein is phosphorylated and activated by AKT, allowing the movement of GLUT4 vesicles to the cell surface?
AS160
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis in the liver?
Inhibiting PEPCK expression
Which insulin signaling pathway component is a regulatory enzyme of glycolysis?
PFK-1
What is the primary function of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase?
Phosphorylating tyrosine residues
What is the effect of insulin signaling on glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle?
Stimulation
Which protein is inhibited by insulin signaling in the liver?
PEPCK
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin regulates glucose uptake in adipose tissue?
Activating AS160
Which of the following is NOT a downstream target of PI3K in insulin signaling?
Tyrosine kinase
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin signaling inhibits glycogenolysis in the liver?
Blocking glucose release
What is the function of PIP3 in insulin signaling?
Binding to AKT
Which of the following is a key regulator of cell growth and survival in insulin signaling?
AKT/PKB
What is the effect of insulin signaling on glucose uptake in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue?
Increases glucose uptake
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin signaling regulates glucose homeostasis?
Increasing glucose uptake
What is the effect of insulin signaling on PEPCK in the liver?
Inhibits PEPCK
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin receptor substrate is activated in the insulin signalling pathway?
Through phosphorylation by tyrosine kinase
What is the downstream effect of insulin signalling on glycogen synthesis in adipose tissue?
Increase in lipid synthesis
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin signalling regulates gluconeogenesis in the liver?
Through inhibition of PEPCK expression
What is the primary function of AKT in insulin signalling in growth control?
Phosphorylation of multiple targets that are key regulators of cell growth and survival
What is the effect of insulin signalling on glucose uptake in skeletal muscle?
Increase in glucose uptake through GLUT4
What is the primary mechanism by which insulin signalling regulates glucose homeostasis?
Through regulation of glucose uptake and storage
What is the effect of insulin signalling on PFK-1 in the liver?
Stimulation of PFK-1
Test your knowledge of the insulin signaling pathway, including insulin binding, receptor activation, and downstream targets. Learn how insulin regulates glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in different tissues.
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