Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one key advantage of using insulin over other antihyperglycemic agents?
What is one key advantage of using insulin over other antihyperglycemic agents?
- Insulin can be used without the risk of hypoglycemia.
- Insulin is administered orally.
- Insulin does not require monitoring of blood glucose levels.
- Insulin can achieve a wide range of glucose targets. (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a common disadvantage of insulin therapy?
Which of the following is NOT a common disadvantage of insulin therapy?
- Risk of hypoglycemia
- Need for injections
- Higher serum glucose levels (correct)
- Weight gain
Which insulin concentration is most commonly used?
Which insulin concentration is most commonly used?
- U-100 (correct)
- U-300
- U-500
- U-200
What determines the pharmacokinetics of different insulin products?
What determines the pharmacokinetics of different insulin products?
What type of insulin is reserved for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
What type of insulin is reserved for patients with extreme insulin resistance?
Flashcards
Insulin
Insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels. It works by moving glucose from the bloodstream into cells, where it can be used for energy.
Insulin Types
Insulin Types
There are two main types of therapeutic insulin: human insulin and insulin analogs. Human insulin is the natural type of insulin, while insulin analogs are slightly modified versions with different characteristics.
Insulin's Biggest Advantage
Insulin's Biggest Advantage
Insulin's most significant advantage over other blood sugar medications is that it can achieve a wide range of glucose levels and can be adjusted based on individual needs.
Insulin's Drawbacks
Insulin's Drawbacks
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Insulin's Pharmacokinetics
Insulin's Pharmacokinetics
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Study Notes
Insulin Overview
- Endogenous insulin moves glucose from the blood into cells, lowering serum glucose levels.
- Exogenous insulin is used for hyperglycemia, categorized into Human Insulin and Insulin Analogues.
- Human Insulin includes isophane (NPH) insulin and regular insulin.
- Insulin Analogues include insulin aspart, lispro, glulisine, detemir, and glargine.
Advantages of Insulin
- Achieves a wide range of glucose targets.
- Dose can be individualized based on glycemic levels.
Disadvantages of Insulin
- Risk of hypoglycemia.
- Requires injections.
- Potential weight gain.
- Increased treatment burden.
Insulin Concentrations
- Standard concentration is 100 units/mL (U-100).
- Higher concentrations (U-200, U-300, U-500) are used for higher-dose needs.
- U-500 regular insulin is a specialized option for patients with severe insulin resistance, typically administered twice or thrice daily.
Insulin Pharmacokinetics
- Onset: How quickly insulin reduces blood sugar.
- Peak Time: When insulin's effectiveness is highest.
- Duration: How long insulin lowers blood sugar.
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