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Questions and Answers
Biomedical instruments are only used to make qualitative measurements.
Biomedical instruments are only used to make qualitative measurements.
False
Gas chromatography is a method used in laboratory instrumentation.
Gas chromatography is a method used in laboratory instrumentation.
True
Measuring light intensity can be done using UV spectrophotometry.
Measuring light intensity can be done using UV spectrophotometry.
True
Laboratory equipment is generally only used for gathering data, not for experiments.
Laboratory equipment is generally only used for gathering data, not for experiments.
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The classical equipment in laboratories includes advanced machinery such as spectrophotometers and calorimeters.
The classical equipment in laboratories includes advanced machinery such as spectrophotometers and calorimeters.
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Direct reading hand-held thermometers are considered complex biomedical instruments.
Direct reading hand-held thermometers are considered complex biomedical instruments.
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Choosing an appropriate instrument for a laboratory investigation is part of the course objectives.
Choosing an appropriate instrument for a laboratory investigation is part of the course objectives.
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Operant conditioning chambers are types of basic laboratory equipment.
Operant conditioning chambers are types of basic laboratory equipment.
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A microscope is an example of a biomedical instrument used in medical laboratories.
A microscope is an example of a biomedical instrument used in medical laboratories.
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Budgeting is not a factor to consider when selecting laboratory equipment.
Budgeting is not a factor to consider when selecting laboratory equipment.
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Anaerobic jars are used to create an oxygen-free environment for culturing microorganisms.
Anaerobic jars are used to create an oxygen-free environment for culturing microorganisms.
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Coulter counters are used primarily for measuring temperature.
Coulter counters are used primarily for measuring temperature.
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Installation and training are important steps in the selection and utilization of laboratory instruments.
Installation and training are important steps in the selection and utilization of laboratory instruments.
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All laboratory equipment is universally compatible regardless of the facility's requirements.
All laboratory equipment is universally compatible regardless of the facility's requirements.
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The warranty is an insignificant factor when acquiring laboratory equipment.
The warranty is an insignificant factor when acquiring laboratory equipment.
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Flow cytometers are utilized in medical laboratories for cell analysis.
Flow cytometers are utilized in medical laboratories for cell analysis.
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Blood Cell Counters are not considered analytical instruments in medical laboratories.
Blood Cell Counters are not considered analytical instruments in medical laboratories.
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A laboratory must ensure adequate electricity, water, and space to properly operate instrumentation.
A laboratory must ensure adequate electricity, water, and space to properly operate instrumentation.
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Incubators and Thermometers are examples of instrumentation that are equally important for medical laboratory operations.
Incubators and Thermometers are examples of instrumentation that are equally important for medical laboratory operations.
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The main consideration when selecting a laboratory instrument is its aesthetic design.
The main consideration when selecting a laboratory instrument is its aesthetic design.
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Sample preparation is an important factor to consider when selecting laboratory instruments.
Sample preparation is an important factor to consider when selecting laboratory instruments.
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All analytical instruments have the same power and service requirements.
All analytical instruments have the same power and service requirements.
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Centrifuges and Fridges are examples of instruments that do not require calibration and quality control.
Centrifuges and Fridges are examples of instruments that do not require calibration and quality control.
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Versatility in an instrument refers to its ability to use different sources of reagents or spare parts.
Versatility in an instrument refers to its ability to use different sources of reagents or spare parts.
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Medical equipment maintenance includes activities such as inspection, preventive maintenance, and corrective maintenance.
Medical equipment maintenance includes activities such as inspection, preventive maintenance, and corrective maintenance.
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A budget for new medical instruments should only consider the outright purchase price.
A budget for new medical instruments should only consider the outright purchase price.
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Leasing a medical instrument is considered an option for acquiring equipment.
Leasing a medical instrument is considered an option for acquiring equipment.
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Effective medical equipment maintenance can help to increase the overall cost of ownership.
Effective medical equipment maintenance can help to increase the overall cost of ownership.
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Rapid call out support is not a necessary consideration when selecting medical equipment instrumentation.
Rapid call out support is not a necessary consideration when selecting medical equipment instrumentation.
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It is essential for medical equipment to be available for use during diagnostic procedures and patient monitoring.
It is essential for medical equipment to be available for use during diagnostic procedures and patient monitoring.
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Condition of contract is irrelevant in the procurement of medical laboratory equipment.
Condition of contract is irrelevant in the procurement of medical laboratory equipment.
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Total costs for budgeting in medical instrumentation include running costs such as electricity and staffing.
Total costs for budgeting in medical instrumentation include running costs such as electricity and staffing.
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Study Notes
Instrumentation in Medical Laboratories
- The course aims to assess biomedical laboratory equipment and its proper handling.
- Students will learn to classify instruments by function.
- Students will understand the principles behind instrument function.
- Students will select and operate appropriate instruments for specified laboratory investigations.
- Students will understand the rationale for choosing one instrument over another.
- Students will learn to care for and maintain biomedical instruments.
Basic Definition
- Laboratory instrumentation comprises laboratory test equipment or instruments used in performing tests.
- UV spectrophotometry and gas chromatography are examples of instrumental techniques.
- Instruments are devices used for measurements to provide quantitative or sometimes qualitative results.
- Biomedical instruments measure biological or medical quantities and provide quantitative or qualitative results.
- Instruments range from simple hand-held thermometers to complex multi-variable analyzers.
Laboratory Equipment
- Laboratory equipment consists of various tools used by scientists working in the laboratory.
- Equipment facilitates either performing experiments or collecting measurements and data.
- Sophisticated equipment is called scientific instrumentation.
- Open hardware principles are increasingly used to design and share laboratory equipment and instruments.
- Examples include Bunsen burners, microscopes, operant conditioning chambers, spectrophotometers, and calorimeters.
List of Biomedical Instruments
- A list of biomedical instruments is included (e.g., microscopes, incubators, autoclaves, water baths, ovens, vacuum pumps, centrifuges, pH meters, spectrophotometers, flame photometers, colorimeters, atomic absorption spectrophotometers, nephelometers, electrophoresis packs, Coulter counters, ELISA readers, polymerase chain reaction machines, microtomes, tissue processing machines, weighing balances, anaerobic jars, refrigerators, flow cytometers).
Selection Criteria
- Many factors need to be considered when selecting laboratory equipment, including initial selection assessment.
- Budgeting is crucial for equipment selection.
- Installation and training are also vital considerations.
- Laboratory evaluation, documentation, maintenance, and troubleshooting should be planned.
Instrument Selection
- Laboratory instruments have become more sophisticated.
- Selecting the right instrument needs a detailed assessment and evaluation process.
- Factors like performance characteristics, cost, and reagents are needed during the selection process.
- Considerations like ease of use, language support, warranty, safety, and suitability to the laboratory space are fundamental in the selection process.
Analytical Instrument Selections
- Analytical instruments include blood cell counters, multi-chemistry analyzers, single assay instruments, spectrophotometers, flow cytometers, and molecular biology equipment.
Equally Important Instruments
- Equally important instruments include automatic pipettes, pH meters, thermometers, water baths, centrifuges, and incubators.
Initial Selection Assessment
- The wide range of instruments available.
- Differences in cost, complexity, and functionality.
- Selecting the appropriate instrument for the particular needs is crucial.
Selection Considerations
- Considerations include throughput (sample capacity), range of applications, versatility, sample volume, sample preparation, QC and calibration requirements, and requisite technical skill levels.
- The laboratory's physical setup (electricity, water, space, door openings, elevator access) must accommodate the chosen instrument.
- Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity need to be evaluated.
- Running costs (reagents, spares, maintenance, service, power consumption) and instrument reliability and reputation are important factors.
Selection Considerations (Support)
- The level and quality of support and backup systems needed for training, technical advice, preventive maintenance, and rapid access to reagents and spares are crucial.
Budgeting
- Total costs, including the upfront purchase price or rental costs for the instrument, delivery, and installation, are important factors.
- Running costs such as service contracts and emergency call-outs, reagents, consumables, spares, controls, calibrators, services (utilities like electricity, water, gases), and staffing necessities need consideration.
Acquiring Equipment
- Equipment acquisition methods include purchase, lease, rent, donations, central acquisition, and bulk procurement contracts.
Care and Maintenance of Biomedical Instruments
- Medical equipment maintenance is a set of activities for keeping a device in good working condition comprising inspection, preventive maintenance, corrective maintenance (breakdowns).
Importance of Maintenance
- Well-planned and implemented maintenance allows all equipment to be reliable, safe, and ready for diagnostic procedures, therapy, treatment, and patient monitoring. This extends the useful lifespan and minimizes ownership costs.
Preventive Maintenance
- Routine cleaning and adjustment are important.
- Replacement of equipment parts can prevent equipment failure.
Implementing a Maintenance Program
- Responsibility assignment is important.
- Develop written policies and procedures for the maintenance program.
- Maintain records of maintenance activities.
- Training staff on the maintenance procedures is necessary.
Developing a Maintenance Plan
- Routine maintenance plans should be developed for each piece of equipment.
- Maintenance plan frequency, function checks, and routine part replacement are included.
Create an Equipment Inventory Log
- Record the instrument type, model number, serial number, location in the laboratory, purchase date, manufacturer and vendor details, warranty expiration date, and spare parts.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts of biomedical laboratory instrumentation, including equipment classification and proper handling. Students will explore various instruments, their functions, and maintenance requirements, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of their applications in laboratory investigations.
