Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of instructional materials (IMs) in language classrooms?
To serve as a resource and reference for teachers and students
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using authentic materials in ESP courses?
Reduced workload for teachers in materials preparation
Textbooks are an example of which type of IM?
Printed reference materials
What is the importance of "sequencing" in the preparation of instructional materials?
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According to the Kemp Design Model, the 'Identify Learner Characteristics' stage involves considering all of the following EXCEPT:
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The TPACK framework emphasizes the importance of understanding the connections between which of the following?
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Which of the following best describes how a Notional/Functional Syllabus would influence IM selection?
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The SAMR model categorizes different levels of technology integration in the classroom. At which level does technology act as a direct substitute for a traditional tool with no functional change?
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The "Specification Writing" phase of materials design involves defining all of the following EXCEPT:
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When evaluating instructional materials, the "external evaluation" focuses on what aspect?
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The ARCS Model of Motivational Design emphasizes the importance of 'Relevance' for learner engagement. How can an instructor using this model increase the relevance of instructional materials?
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When selecting instructional materials for a content-based language teaching (CBLT) approach, a teacher should prioritize materials that:
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What is a PRIMARY reason for adapting instructional materials?
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In the context of teaching literature, the 'Stages of Literary Learning' framework emphasizes the importance of 'First Encounters' activities. What is the primary purpose of these activities?
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When preparing instructional materials for teaching literature, the discussion emphasizes the importance of considering all of the following EXCEPT:
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The ADDIE model is an example of which type of framework in instructional design?
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The Nine Events of Instruction model includes a step called 'Elicit Performance.' What is the primary purpose of this step?
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According to the ARCS Model of Motivational Design, 'Satisfaction' is one of the key elements for sustained learner engagement. How can an instructor using this model promote learner satisfaction?
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The Kemp Design Model emphasizes the importance of 'clarifying content' during the design phase of instructional materials. What does this process involve?
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Ms. Rodriguez is planning a unit on Shakespearean sonnets for her English literature class. Which instructional design model would be MOST suitable for this unit?
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Study Notes
Instructional Materials in Language Classrooms
- The primary role of instructional materials (IMs) is to serve as a resource and reference for teachers and students.
- IMs should not replace teachers in the learning process or provide the sole source of language input.
Benefits of Authentic Materials in ESP Courses
- Using authentic materials in ESP courses increases learner motivation.
- Authentic materials expose learners to real-world language use.
- They align with learners' professional needs.
Characteristics of Instructional Materials
- Textbooks are an example of printed reference materials.
- Sequencing in IM preparation ensures cumulative learning.
- A Notional/Functional Syllabus influences IM selection by prioritizing tasks that require specific functions.
Materials Development Process
- The "Specification Writing" phase involves defining learning objectives, target audience, and theoretical underpinnings.
- The "ADDIE model" is an example of an instructional design model.
- The "ASSURE model" includes a step called "Require Learner Participation" to encourage active student involvement.
Evaluating Instructional Materials
- "External evaluation" focuses on the effectiveness of materials in achieving learning objectives.
- Materials should be adapted to address gaps or learner needs.
Teaching Literature
- When preparing IMs for teaching literature, it is essential to consider the cultural background of students, reading level, literary genre, and historical context.
- The "Stages of Literary Learning" framework emphasizes the importance of "First Encounters" activities to generate interest and motivation.
Technology Integration Frameworks
- The TPACK model emphasizes the connections between technology, pedagogy, and content.
- The SAMR model categorizes different levels of technology integration, with "Substitution" being the lowest level.
- The ARCS Model of Motivational Design emphasizes the importance of "Relevance" for learner engagement.
Inclusivity in Instructional Materials
- Materials should avoid gender bias, stereotypical portrayals of cultures, and overly complex language.
- The Kemp Design Model emphasizes the importance of "clarifying content" during the design phase.
- The Nine Events of Instruction model includes a step called "Elicit Performance" to provide opportunities for students to practice new skills.
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