Insect Reproductive Anatomy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the vas deferens in male insects?

  • To transport sperm (correct)
  • To produce eggs
  • To store eggs
  • To provide nourishment to sperm

    • In female honeybees, where do the eggs develop?

  • In the spermatheca
  • In the oviduct
  • In the seminal vesicle
  • In the ovaries (correct)

    • What role do accessory glands play in the reproductive process of female honeybees?

  • They create sperm
  • They transport eggs to the oviduct
  • They provide nutrients to the eggs
  • They add protective secretions to the eggs (correct)

    • Which structure in male honeybees is responsible for storing sperm after mating?

    <p>Seminal vesicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature do male insects have that is important during copulation?

    <p>Claspers for grasping the female</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of progesterone in the ovary?

    <p>Prepares the uterus for pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms from the cells of the ruptured mature follicle after ovulation?

    <p>Corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the growth of the endometrium?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the transformation of the corpus luteum after ovulation?

    <p>LH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?

    <p>It degenerates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs when sperm makes contact with the plasma membrane of an egg?

    <p>Acrosome reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the release of calcium from internal organelles within the egg?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase does ovulation occur?

    <p>Follicular phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of asexual reproduction?

    <p>It can occur through processes like fission and budding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the reproductive strategy of species that reproduce only once before death?

    <p>Semelparity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes does not occur in asexual reproduction?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In sexual reproduction, which organs are responsible for producing ova in female organisms?

    <p>Ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the seminiferous tubules in male gonads?

    <p>Sperm formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory gland contributes approximately 60% of the total volume of semen?

    <p>Seminal vesicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fertilization involves fertilizing eggs in an external environment?

    <p>External fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of testes in the context of reproduction?

    <p>To produce sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of reproduction is the primary oocyte arrested?

    <p>Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes parthenogenesis?

    <p>Egg develops without fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the clear mucus secreted by the bulbourethral gland?

    <p>To neutralize acidic urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure does an ovulated egg cell arise from?

    <p>Follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between ovoviviparity and viviparity?

    <p>Ovoviviparity does not provide nutrients to the embryos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the second meiotic division of a primary oocyte?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to individuals that possess both male and female reproductive organs simultaneously?

    <p>Simultaneous hermaphroditism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature after leaving the seminiferous tubules?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily controls reproductive cycles in animals?

    <p>Hormones and environmental cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of testosterone in male reproduction?

    <p>Promoting sperm production and secondary sex characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the female reproductive system is involved in the transport of egg cells?

    <p>Oviduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the follicular tissue left behind after ovulation?

    <p>It forms a corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Reproduction

    • Reproduction is the production of offspring via a sexual or asexual process.

    Reproduction Strategies

    Asexual Reproduction

    • Requires only one parent organism.
    • Common in invertebrates.
    • Methods include fission, budding, fragmentation, and parthenogenesis.

    Sexual Reproduction

    • Requires two parent organisms (male and female).
    • Involves fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) gametes to form a zygote.

    Mechanisms of Asexual Reproduction

    • Fission: Separation of a parent into two or more individuals of similar size.
    • Budding: A parent organism develops a bud that grows and eventually separates.
    • Fragmentation: A parent organism breaks into fragments, each of which develops into a new organism.
    • Parthenogenesis: Development of an egg without fertilization.

    Sexual Reproduction

    • Two parents.
    • Each parent has reproductive organs to produce gametes (reproductive cells).
    • Males have testes producing sperm.
    • Females have ovaries producing ova (eggs).

    Reproduction Strategies: Additional Points

    • Internal vs. external fertilization.
    • Semelparity: Organisms reproduce only once in their lifetime before death (e.g., octopus, mayfly).
    • Iteroparity: Organisms reproduce multiple times over their lifetime (e.g., most animals).

    External Fertilization vs. Internal Fertilization

    • External: Eggs shed by the female are fertilized by sperm in the external environment.
    • Internal: Sperm are deposited in or near the female's reproductive tract, and fertilization occurs within the tract.

    Reproductive Cycles and Patterns

    • Most animals exhibit cycles in reproductive activity related to changing seasons.
    • Reproductive cycles are controlled by hormones and environmental cues.

    Hermaphroditism & Alternation of Sexes

    • Simultaneous hermaphroditism: Both gametes are present. Self-fertilization is possible.
    • Sequential hermaphroditism: Change in sex over time. Protandrous (male first, then female).
    • Examples include: Bluehead wrasse.

    Liver Fluke (Sexual and Asexual Reproduction)

    • This organism exhibits both sexual and asexual reproduction.
    • Shows the anatomy of the organism with specific organ identifications.
    • Exhibits both male and female reproductive organs

    Female Gametes - Reproduction Types

    • Oviparity: Eggs are laid outside the body.
    • Ovoviviparity: Eggs hatch inside the mother's body. Nutrients are stored in the egg.
    • Viviparity: The embryo develops inside the mother. Nutrients come from the mother (e.g., all mammals except monotremes).

    Insects

    • Complex reproductive systems.
    • Males and females are separate, with specific reproductive organs.

    Mammalian Reproduction: Males

    • Male gonads (testes).
    • Seminiferous tubules form sperm.
    • Sperm pass through the epididymis.
    • Sperm are propelled during ejaculation through muscular vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra.

    Spermatogenesis

    • Process of sperm production in males.
    • Involves mitosis and meiosis.
    • Stages include spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, and sperm.

    Accessory Glands

    • Contribute fluids to semen (important for sperm function).
    • Three sets: seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands. -Functions, including contributing fructose and other energy sources and buffering the semen.

    Female Reproductive Organs: Ovary

    • The female gonads. Located in the abdominal cavity.
    • Each ovary contains follicles, each with an egg.
    • Ovulation: Release of an egg from the follicle.

    Oogenesis

    • Process of egg (ovum) production in females
    • Stages: Oogonium, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte, ovum.

    Oogenesis (Further Details)

    • Oogonia divide by mitosis in fetal ovaries.
    • Primary oocytes complete meiosis I when the egg is ovulated.
    • Meiosis II is completed if/only if fertilization occurs
    • Hormonal control
    • Structures like follicles.

    Ovaries - Hormones

    • Estrogen: Involved in ovulation and pregnancy.
    • Progesterone: Prepares the uterus for pregnancy.

    Oviducts and Uterus

    • Oviducts (Fallopian tubes) convey the egg to the uterus.
    • Contain cilia that move the egg.

    Ovarian Cycle

    • Ovulation marks the end of the follicular phase and the start of the luteal phase.
    • Stages include follicular phase, ovulation, and luteal phase. Controlled by hormones.

    Luteal Phase

    • Corpus luteum forms from ruptured follicle.
    • Secretes progesterone and estrogen, supporting pregnancy.
    • Failure of fertilization leads to corpus luteum degeneration.

    Fertilization

    • Acrosome reaction: Sperm penetrates egg's membrane.
    • Calcium release: Activates egg for fertilization.
    • Membrane changes: Prevent additional sperm entry.

    Gamete Production: Meiosis

    • Oogenesis: Formation of female gametes (ova).
    • Spermatogenesis: Formation of male gametes (sperm).
    • Meiosis is crucial in both processes for producing haploid gametes
    • Involved stages like mitosis, meiosis I, and meiosis II for both ova/oocytes and sperm.

    Revision Questions

    • Forms of asexual reproduction.
    • Process of oogenesis and ovulation.
    • Human male's reproductive organs (external and internal).

    Acknowledgements

    • Credits: Campbell's Biology and Dr. Javier delBarco-Trillo for contributions to the materials.

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    BL1004 Reproduction - Biology Past Paper PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the reproductive anatomy of insects, focusing on the functions of specific structures in both male and female insects, including honeybees. This quiz covers the vas deferens, accessory glands, and sperm storage in male honeybees. Ideal for biology enthusiasts and students!

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