Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a shared characteristic between caterpillars and army worms in the context of plant damage?
What is a shared characteristic between caterpillars and army worms in the context of plant damage?
- Both reduce the amount of leaf tissue available for photosynthesis. (correct)
- Both extract large amounts of sap, leading to loss of plant vigor.
- Both provide entry points for fungal and bacterial pathogens.
- Both inject toxins into plant bodies, causing abnormal tissue growths.
Which of the following describes how systemic insecticides work to control insect pests?
Which of the following describes how systemic insecticides work to control insect pests?
- They are absorbed by the plant, and insects ingest them while feeding. (correct)
- They release a scent that repels insects from the crops.
- They are directly sprayed on the insects, causing immediate paralysis.
- They create a barrier on the plant surface, preventing insect attachment.
How do piercing and sucking pests typically affect plant health?
How do piercing and sucking pests typically affect plant health?
- By extracting plant sap, which can lead to wilting and reduced vigor. (correct)
- By creating physical barriers that block sunlight from reaching the leaves.
- By chewing on leaves, reducing the plant's photosynthetic capacity.
- By feeding on roots, preventing water and nutrient absorption.
What is the primary purpose of cultural control techniques in pest management?
What is the primary purpose of cultural control techniques in pest management?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
Which of the following is a key characteristic of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
How might biting and chewing insect pests affect seed production and germination in plants?
How might biting and chewing insect pests affect seed production and germination in plants?
What is one way piercing and sucking pests can lead to fungal or bacterial infections in plants?
What is one way piercing and sucking pests can lead to fungal or bacterial infections in plants?
Which of the following is an example of biological control?
Which of the following is an example of biological control?
How do biting and chewing insect pests interrupt the flow of nutrients within a plant?
How do biting and chewing insect pests interrupt the flow of nutrients within a plant?
Which symptom would best indicate an infestation of piercing and sucking pests?
Which symptom would best indicate an infestation of piercing and sucking pests?
Why is weed control considered a cultural insect pest technique?
Why is weed control considered a cultural insect pest technique?
What is the key principle behind manual insect pest management?
What is the key principle behind manual insect pest management?
How do contact insecticides differ from systemic insecticides in their mode of action?
How do contact insecticides differ from systemic insecticides in their mode of action?
Which plant response is most likely caused by piercing and sucking pests?
Which plant response is most likely caused by piercing and sucking pests?
In addition to killing pests, what is an important consideration when using Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
In addition to killing pests, what is an important consideration when using Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
What type of damage do army worms inflict on crops?
What type of damage do army worms inflict on crops?
How can modifying the timing of planting and harvesting crops serve as a cultural control for insect pests?
How can modifying the timing of planting and harvesting crops serve as a cultural control for insect pests?
In the context of insect mouthparts, how do pests like aphids damage plants?
In the context of insect mouthparts, how do pests like aphids damage plants?
Environmentally friendly solutions are utilized in integrated pest management to:
Environmentally friendly solutions are utilized in integrated pest management to:
What role do xylem and phloem tissues play in the context of plant stem damage caused by biting and chewing pests?
What role do xylem and phloem tissues play in the context of plant stem damage caused by biting and chewing pests?
What effect does the destruction of apical growing points by biting and chewing pests have on plants?
What effect does the destruction of apical growing points by biting and chewing pests have on plants?
How might the disposal of crop remnants contribute to cultural insect pest management?
How might the disposal of crop remnants contribute to cultural insect pest management?
How does choosing resistant varieties aid in pest control?
How does choosing resistant varieties aid in pest control?
Which of these control methods involves mass-production and release of natural enemies to control pests?
Which of these control methods involves mass-production and release of natural enemies to control pests?
What is a key advantage of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) over traditional chemical pest control methods?
What is a key advantage of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) over traditional chemical pest control methods?
What distinguishes piercing-sucking insects from biting-chewing insects in terms of plant damage?
What distinguishes piercing-sucking insects from biting-chewing insects in terms of plant damage?
What agricultural practice would best minimize the impact of pests?
What agricultural practice would best minimize the impact of pests?
If a farmer notices premature leaf fall, leaf curl and other deformations on their plants, which type of pests are likely responsible?
If a farmer notices premature leaf fall, leaf curl and other deformations on their plants, which type of pests are likely responsible?
Flashcards
Insect Pests
Insect Pests
Organisms harmful and undesirable to crops, causing damage, crop loss, and disease transmission.
Biting and Chewing Insects
Biting and Chewing Insects
Insect pests that use their mouthparts to chew and ingest plant tissue.
Damage caused by Biting/Chewing Insects
Damage caused by Biting/Chewing Insects
Reducing leaf tissue, feeding on stems, destroying growing points, feeding on roots, and attacking flowers/fruits.
Symptoms of Biting/Chewing Pest Infestation
Symptoms of Biting/Chewing Pest Infestation
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Piercing and Sucking Insects
Piercing and Sucking Insects
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Damage caused by Piercing/Sucking Insects
Damage caused by Piercing/Sucking Insects
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Symptoms of Piercing/Sucking Pest Infestation
Symptoms of Piercing/Sucking Pest Infestation
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Insect Pest Management
Insect Pest Management
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Cultural Control
Cultural Control
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Chemical Control
Chemical Control
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Types of Insecticides
Types of Insecticides
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Biological Control
Biological Control
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Manual Control
Manual Control
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Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
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Study Notes
Insect Pests: An Overview
- Insect pests are harmful organisms that are undesirable to crops
- They can cause damage leading to severe crop losses and transmit diseases
- They are classified based on the type of mouthparts
Classification of Insect Pests
- Biting and Chewing Insects: These pests have biting and chewing mouthparts.
- Piercing and Sucking Insects: These pests have piercing and sucking mouthparts.
Biting and Chewing Insect Pests
- They possess mouthparts adapted for biting and chewing
- Examples include caterpillars, beetles, crickets, and army worms
- They damage crop plants by reducing leaf tissue, which reduces photosynthesis for plant growth
- They Interrupt the flow of plant sap by feeding and tunneling through the stem
- They destroy apical growing points, reducing vegetative growth
- Root feeding reduces the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil
- Flower and fruit attacks reduce seed production and germination
- Symptoms of Infestation: Poor plant development and stunted growth.
Piercing and Sucking Pests
- These pests possess piercing and sucking mouthparts
- Examples include leafhoppers, aphids, thrips, and mealy bugs
- They cause damage by extracting sap, leading to loss of plant vigor, wilting, and leaf drop
- Flower organ damage results in reduced seed production
- Toxins are injected into the plant, creating galls or abnormal tissue growths
- Openings caused by these pests can be an entry for fungal and bacterial pathogens
- Premature leaf fall, leaf curl, and other deformations can result
- Symptoms of Infestation: curling leaves, stunted growth, chlorotic tissues, and deformed plant parts
Insect Pest Management (IPM)
- Methods to reduce or suppress the growth of insect pests
- Cultural Techniques: Modifying crop planting, growing, and harvesting to reduce crop damage
- Chemical Control: Using pesticides and insecticides to destroy harmful insects
- Biological Control: Mass-producing and releasing natural predators for pest control
- Manual Control: Handpicking and killing insect pests on crop plants
- Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Utilizing multiple tactics in a coordinated, decision-based process to optimize pest control ecologically and economically, with chemical control as a last resort
- IPM is important because it is environmentally friendly, avoids immunity build-up, encourages agricultural practices, and is cost-effective
IPM Key Aspects
- Monitoring
- Cultural Practices & Preventative Measures
- Biological Agents
- Chemical Controls
- Sustainability
- Economics
- Practicality
- Integration
Key Points
- Insect pests can be beneficial as agents of pollination
- Insect pests can adapt to different climatic conditions
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