Module 3 - Chapter 4 - Enhancing Innovation

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal when prompting a group during a brainstorming session?

  • To create a competitive atmosphere among participants
  • To encourage public speaking skills
  • To allow time for quiet reflection before discussing
  • To ensure all ideas have been exhausted (correct)

What should small groups focus on during the PMI exercise?

  • Only the interesting points and their implications
  • A balance of positive, negative, and interesting points (correct)
  • Highlighting negative points only
  • Only the plus points

In a written brainstorm, what is essential for participants when writing their ideas?

  • To organize ideas in a complex format
  • To write in small, detailed handwriting
  • To ensure legibility from a distance of three to five meters (correct)
  • To use only digital tools for clarity

What is an effective strategy when discussing ideas in large groups?

<p>Allow others to build on ideas shared (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the facilitator during the small group verbal brainstorm?

<p>To walk around and offer assistance as needed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after groups finish their PMI exercise?

<p>Discuss them in a large group for clarification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is NOT encouraged in a brainstorming session?

<p>Forcing participants to complete tasks within a strict timeframe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are smaller groups used in verbal brainstorming sessions?

<p>To make it easier for everyone to speak publicly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of the PMI brainstorming method?

<p>To generate a large number of suggestions fairly quickly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should PMI brainstorming be employed?

<p>When focus is needed on a specific problem with unclear answers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the golden rules for brainstorming sessions?

<p>Allow people to think freely and contribute spontaneously (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a PMI session, how should suggestions be documented?

<p>On a flipchart, with legible hand writing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes PMI from simply listing pros and cons?

<p>PMI is a generative exercise allowing broader thinking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason to use PMI brainstorming?

<p>To rapidly narrow down choices to the best one (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is suggested for a comfortable and communicative brainstorming group?

<p>Large group verbal brainstorm using round-robin or random methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the focus when generating suggestions in a PMI session?

<p>Maximizing the number of contributions from each participant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of PMI brainstorming?

<p>To generate suggestions in a structured way (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the PMI brainstorming process?

<p>Critical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Interesting' category in PMI brainstorming encourage participants to do?

<p>Explore alternatives by asking hypothetical questions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to follow the sequence of Plus, Minus, Interesting in PMI brainstorming?

<p>It promotes creative thinking and considers all perspectives. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of thinking does the content suggest needs to be broadened for enhancing innovation?

<p>Linear and causal thinking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common limitation in perception is highlighted in the content?

<p>A tendency to ignore complexity in problems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is mentioned alongside PMI brainstorming to enhance innovation?

<p>'What if' scenario mapping (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main errors in thinking that the content identifies as limiting perception?

<p>Following structured thinking habits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of generating 'what if' scenarios in a group setting?

<p>To encourage creative thinking and exploration of possibilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the first step of 'what if' scenario generation, how should scenarios be documented?

<p>By using sticky notes or a communal board (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is discouraged during the first step of generating 'what if' scenarios?

<p>Evaluating the feasibility of ideas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the second step of the 'what if' exercise, what is the primary question the team should ask while discussing scenarios?

<p>Under what conditions would this be possible? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is impact evaluated in the matrix discussed in the second step?

<p>By assessing improvements to Patient Safety, Patient Experience, and Operational Efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final step after discussing the scenarios in the 'what if' exercise?

<p>Deciding on the best way forward and creating an action plan (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended group activity method to support the generation of 'what if' scenarios?

<p>Silent individual brainstorming followed by group clustering of ideas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of effectively using the 'what if' scenario exercise?

<p>Develop an action plan based on prioritized ideas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

PMI Brainstorming

The process of coming up with ideas in a group setting, organized around exploring the "Plus", "Minus", and "Interesting" aspects of a situation or challenge.

Plus (in PMI Brainstorming)

Listing all the good points or benefits of a situation.

Minus (in PMI Brainstorming)

Listing all the negative aspects or drawbacks of a situation.

Interesting (in PMI Brainstorming)

Listing all the intriguing or unusual aspects of a situation, by asking "It would be interesting if..."

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Creative Thinking Mode

The practice of deliberately forcing oneself to consider alternative and opposing ideas.

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Perception

The way we perceive the world, including what we notice, what's important, and how we structure our understanding.

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Patterning Nature of the Mind

The tendency of our minds to seek certainty and patterns instead of exploring alternatives.

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Traditional Education Emphasis

The approach to thinking that emphasizes analysis, judgment, and argument while often neglecting creativity and design.

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PMI (Plus, Minus, Interesting)

A technique that encourages exploring a topic from multiple angles, focusing on the positive, negative, and interesting aspects to generate a wide range of possibilities.

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Observing and Reacting (PMI)

Steps involved in PMI brainstorming where you systematically explore the topic in more detail based on the listed pluses, minuses, and interesting points raised.

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Large Group Verbal Brainstorm (PMI)

A method of PMI Brainstorming where ideas are shared verbally within a group.

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Round-Robin Brainstorming (PMI)

A method of large group verbal brainstorming in PMI where each individual gets a turn to offer their suggestions.

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Random Brainstorming (PMI)

A method of large group verbal brainstorming in PMI where individuals share their ideas as they come to mind, rather than following a set order.

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Free and Spontaneous Thinking (PMI)

A vital aspect of effective brainstorming that encourages a free flow of ideas without criticism.

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Aim for Quantity (PMI)

A key principle of PMI brainstorming that encourages participants to generate as many ideas as possible.

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Prompting a Group

A structured way to introduce a brainstorming session, keeping people engaged and contributing.

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Grouping Ideas into Themes

Grouping similar ideas together to make it easier to understand and analyze them.

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Small Group Brainstorming

This works best when you need ideas from people who are hesitant to speak publicly.

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Written Brainstorming

Provides a quiet, individual space for people to think and write their ideas.

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Large Handwriting

Encourages writing ideas clearly and legibly for all to see.

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Exhaustion of Ideas

Allows participants to exhaust their ideas before moving on to step 2.

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Discussion and Clarification

The process of presenting and discussing all the gathered ideas together to gain insights and reach conclusions.

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What If' Scenario Exercise

A structured method for generating creative solutions by exploring different possibilities and scenarios, beginning with the question 'What if...?'

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Generating 'What If' Scenarios

The first step in a 'What If' Scenario Exercise where participants brainstorm a list of 'What if...' statements related to a specific situation.

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Exploring Scenarios

A step in the 'What If' Scenario Exercise where participants discuss each scenario, exploring its potential and limitations in terms of feasibility and impact.

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Scenario Evaluation and Matrix

Part of the 'What If' Scenario Exercise where the team evaluates the feasibility and impact of each scenario, placing them on a matrix based on ease of implementation and potential benefits.

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Deciding on Best Way Forward

The final stage of the 'What If' Scenario Exercise where the team chooses the most promising scenarios and develops action plans for implementation.

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9-Box Matrix

A visual tool used in 'What If' Scenario Exercises to illustrate the relationship between effort and impact in a situation.

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Using Brainstorming or 'What If' in A3

An approach that encourages identifying potential bottlenecks and opportunities for improvement within the A3 problem-solving process.

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Brainstorming or What If' for A3

The use of either brainstorming or 'What If' Scenario Exercises as a tool for generating innovative solutions in the context of the A3 problem-solving method.

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Study Notes

Enhancing Innovation

  • Innovation requires a shift in perception to broaden thinking and consider diverse perspectives.
  • Preconceived notions and patterns limit creative problem-solving.
  • Linear, cause-and-effect thinking hinders the identification of innovative solutions.
  • Complexity and alternative solutions are overlooked in traditional thinking.

PMI Brainstorming

  • PMI is a structured brainstorming technique for generating diverse ideas.

  • The process encourages an exploration of a subject by analyzing Plus, Minus, and Interesting aspects.

  • The process involves listing positive, negative, and interesting points to understand a topic thoroughly.

  • Don't list all ideas before categorizing. This forces creative thinking and encourages different perspectives.

  • The order of Plus then Minus then Interesting aspects encourages diverse thought streams.

PMI Brainstorming Process - Detailed

  • Step 1: State the situation or challenge to be addressed.
    • List "Plus" (positive) points about the situation.
    • List "Minus" (negative) points about the situation.
    • List "Interesting" points by asking "What if..." questions.

Different PMI Options

  • Large group verbal brainstorm: Suitable for groups comfortable with open communication.

    • Write the question/theme for all to see.
    • The brainstorming session can follow a round-robin or random approach.
    • Ideas are written on a flipchart( or whiteboard) in a specific order: Plus, then Minus, then Interesting.
  • Small group verbal brainstorm: Suitable for groups reluctant to speak in public.

    • Write the question/theme for all to see.
    • Group participants into smaller groups (3-5 people).
    • Provide sticky notes and markers for each group.
    • Groups complete PMI individually and then as a group.
  • Written brainstorm: Ideal if people need quiet time or the group is large and open discussion is difficult.

    • Hand out sticky notes and markers.
    • Individuals complete PMI individually.
    • Place post-its on a wall for easy visualization.

"What If" Scenario Exercises

  • Generating "what if" scenarios promotes creative thinking by challenging current limitations.
  • Step 1: Identify the situation and formulate "what if..." scenarios.
  • Step 2: Explore each scenario to understand its possibilities. Categorize each scenario into a 9-box matrix, considering the ease of implementation and impact.
  • Step 3: Decide on the best way forward and create an action plan.

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