Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the average distance from the teeth to the vocal cords?
What is the average distance from the teeth to the vocal cords?
- 10 inches
- 10 cm
- 13 cm (correct)
- 26 cm
What is most likely to produce bronchodilation?
What is most likely to produce bronchodilation?
- Histamine and paracrine secretions
- Humoral release of epinephrine/norepinephrine (correct)
- Sympathetic innervation
- Parasympathetic innervation
Which of the following is the largest subdivision of a lung lobe?
Which of the following is the largest subdivision of a lung lobe?
- Lobar
- Acinus
- Bronchopulmonary segment (correct)
- Duct
What is a possible response to attempting laryngoscopy in a fully awake patient?
What is a possible response to attempting laryngoscopy in a fully awake patient?
What is the angle of the right main bronchus (away from the midline of the trachea) in an infant?
What is the angle of the right main bronchus (away from the midline of the trachea) in an infant?
Which part of the respiratory anatomy is responsible for decreasing the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood?
Which part of the respiratory anatomy is responsible for decreasing the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood?
Which part of the respiratory anatomy is responsible for providing the sensory innervation of the lungs?
Which part of the respiratory anatomy is responsible for providing the sensory innervation of the lungs?
What is the main difference between left and right main bronchi?
What is the main difference between left and right main bronchi?
Which part of the tracheobronchial tree is characterized by changes in epithelium height and complexity, cartilage rings being replaced by irregular plates, and a decrease in the number of glands, goblet cells, smooth muscle, and elastic fibers?
Which part of the tracheobronchial tree is characterized by changes in epithelium height and complexity, cartilage rings being replaced by irregular plates, and a decrease in the number of glands, goblet cells, smooth muscle, and elastic fibers?
Which bronchus is wider, shorter, and runs more vertically, making it the likely affected side of aspiration and main stem intubation?
Which bronchus is wider, shorter, and runs more vertically, making it the likely affected side of aspiration and main stem intubation?
How many lobar bronchi supply the right lung?
How many lobar bronchi supply the right lung?
What are the largest subdivisions of a lung, with pyramidal-shaped segments and their apices facing the lung root?
What are the largest subdivisions of a lung, with pyramidal-shaped segments and their apices facing the lung root?
What is the main function of respiratory bronchioles?
What is the main function of respiratory bronchioles?
Where do the most distal branches of bronchial arteries anastomose with branches of the pulmonary arteries?
Where do the most distal branches of bronchial arteries anastomose with branches of the pulmonary arteries?
What is the source of blood supply for terminal bronchioles?
What is the source of blood supply for terminal bronchioles?
What happens when a substantial portion of bronchial venous blood (deoxygenated) enters the pulmonary veins (oxygenated)?
What happens when a substantial portion of bronchial venous blood (deoxygenated) enters the pulmonary veins (oxygenated)?
Which fibers provide a weak motor effect on airway diameter and produce vasoconstriction and inhibition of gland secretion?
Which fibers provide a weak motor effect on airway diameter and produce vasoconstriction and inhibition of gland secretion?
Which hormone, when released during 'flight or fight' circumstances, results in relaxation of airway smooth muscle?
Which hormone, when released during 'flight or fight' circumstances, results in relaxation of airway smooth muscle?
Which cells secrete proteins including surfactant apoproteins A, B, and D and act as progenitors for ciliated epithelial cells to replace damaged cells?
Which cells secrete proteins including surfactant apoproteins A, B, and D and act as progenitors for ciliated epithelial cells to replace damaged cells?
In the respiratory zone, each respiratory bronchiole gives rise to how many alveolar ducts?
In the respiratory zone, each respiratory bronchiole gives rise to how many alveolar ducts?
Which type of alveolar cells are specialized for gas exchange and represent approximately 90% of the wall surface of the alveolus?
Which type of alveolar cells are specialized for gas exchange and represent approximately 90% of the wall surface of the alveolus?
Which cells produce surfactant and function as stem cells that can differentiate into Type I cells if Type I cells are lost?
Which cells produce surfactant and function as stem cells that can differentiate into Type I cells if Type I cells are lost?
What produces surfactant to reduce surface tension in alveoli?
What produces surfactant to reduce surface tension in alveoli?
Which type of fiber provides sensory and motor innervation to the smooth muscle and glands?
Which type of fiber provides sensory and motor innervation to the smooth muscle and glands?
How many capillaries are approximate per alveolus?
How many capillaries are approximate per alveolus?
At approximately what age do Pores of Kohn become present?
At approximately what age do Pores of Kohn become present?
What do interbronchiolar channels allow for?
What do interbronchiolar channels allow for?
Which component of the chest wall allows for the inferior movement of the lung root with inspiration?
Which component of the chest wall allows for the inferior movement of the lung root with inspiration?
What may cause the enlargement of Pores of Kohn?
What may cause the enlargement of Pores of Kohn?
What shape are alveoli, providing a larger surface area for efficient gas exchange?
What shape are alveoli, providing a larger surface area for efficient gas exchange?
How much contact is there between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries for diffusion?
How much contact is there between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries for diffusion?
What is one of the main functions of the conducting airways in the respiratory system?
What is one of the main functions of the conducting airways in the respiratory system?
What is the primary role of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
What is the primary role of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
What opposes the collapse of alveoli due to compression?
What opposes the collapse of alveoli due to compression?
What is the main function of the mucus lining in the conducting airways?
What is the main function of the mucus lining in the conducting airways?
What is produced by cells known as pneumocytes in the lungs?
What is produced by cells known as pneumocytes in the lungs?
What is the primary function of vocal cords in the respiratory system?
What is the primary function of vocal cords in the respiratory system?
