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Innate Immunology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)?

To recognize and initiate responses to Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) (correct)

To produce cytokines and chemokines

To directly kill pathogens

To activate adaptive immune responses

Where are Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) located?

Only on the cell surface

Only in the cytosol

In the cell surface, endosomal membrane, and cytosol (correct)

Only in the endoplasmic reticulum

What is the primary function of the complement system?

To recognize and initiate responses to Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

To aid in the immune system by promoting phagocytosis, inducing inflammatory responses, and directly killing pathogens (correct)

To produce cytokines and chemokines

To activate adaptive immune responses

What is the result of the activation of C3 convertase?

The conversion of C3 into C3a and C3b Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DAMPs in the immune system?

To activate the immune system by releasing host proteins during cell injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of TLRs in the immune system?

To recognize and initiate responses to Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the activation of PRRs?

The enhancement of phagocytosis, activation of innate cells, and promotion of inflammatory mediators Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of opsonization in the complement system?

To mark pathogens with opsonins proteins for phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the innate immune response?

It is an immediate response that recognizes a broad range of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Innate Immune Cell Recognition of Pathogen

Recognizes a broad range of pathogens
Interacts with a range of molecular structures of a given type
Immediate response

Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

Capable of recognizing Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)
Located on:
- Cell surface
- Endosomal membrane
- Cytosol
Initiates innate response when detecting PAMPs, leading to:
- Phagocytosis of microorganisms
- Enhancement of phagocytosis of PRR-bound PAMPs
- Activation of innate cells
- Promotion of inflammatory mediators

DAMPs (Danger Associated Molecular Patterns)

Host proteins released during cell injury or inflammation
Activate the immune system

Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs)

Type of PRR
Recognize PAMPs and initiate innate response

Complement System

Collection of soluble proteins that aid in the immune system
Activated components:
- Promote phagocytosis through opsonization
- Induce inflammatory response
- Directly kill pathogens
Activation of one component triggers an enzyme cascade (proteolytic cascade)
Common feature: activation of C3 convertase, which converts C3 into C3a and C3b

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Description

Test your knowledge on innate immune cell recognition of pathogens, the role of complement and cytokines, and the inflammatory response. Learn about pattern recognition receptors and pathogen associated molecular patterns.