14 Questions
Which of the following is true regarding the innate immune response to microbes?
It generates molecules that provide signals to activate naive T and B lymphocytes
What is the role of danger signals in the activation of lymphocytes?
To ensure that lymphocytes respond to infectious agents and not to harmless substances
What is the purpose of adjuvants in inducing adaptive immune responses?
To elicit the same innate immune reactions as microbes do
What is the function of costimulators in T cell activation?
Costimulators are surface molecules on dendritic cells that bind to receptors on T cells to activate them
What is the role of C3d in B cell differentiation?
C3d is a microbial antigen recognized by B cells to initiate the process of differentiation into antibody-secreting cells
What is the main function of second signals in adaptive immunity?
To guide the nature of the adaptive immune response
What is the two-signal requirement for lymphocyte activation?
Antigen recognition by lymphocytes provides signal 1 for activation of the lymphocytes and substances produced during innate immune responses to microbes provide signal 2
Which of the following is a function of innate immune responses in addition to host defense?
Providing signals to activate naive T and B lymphocytes
What is the purpose of the two-signal requirement for full activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes?
To ensure lymphocytes respond to infectious agents and not to harmless, noninfectious substances
What is the role of danger signals in the activation of adaptive immune responses?
To warn the adaptive immune system that it needs to respond
What is the covalently attached protein to microbes that serves as the second signal for humoral immune responses?
C3b
What type of immunity is best able to combat blood-borne microbes?
Humoral immunity
What is the main function of cytokines such as IL-12, IL-1, and IL-6 in the activation of T lymphocytes?
Stimulate the differentiation of naive T cells into effector cells
What is the role of second signals in adaptive immunity?
Guide the nature of the adaptive immune response
Test your knowledge on the innate immune system's role in recognizing and combating infections, as well as its important function in alerting the adaptive immune system. This quiz will summarize key concepts discussed in the chapter.
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