Inhalants and Stimulants Overview

Inhalants

• Inhalants are common household products used for recreational drug use.
• Examples include volatile solvents (e.g., correction fluid, paint thinner, glue), aerosol sprays (e.g., spray paint, deodorant, fly spray), gases (e.g., helium and butane in cigarette lighters), and nitrites (e.g., room deodorizers and leather cleaners).
• Other examples include markers, adhesive cement, rugby, and nail polish remover.
• Inhalants can lead to immediate and delayed effects.
• Immediate effects include confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, aggression, nausea, drowsiness, and intoxication.
• Delayed effects include memory loss, inability to think, muscle cramps, numbness, abdominal pains, suffocation, cardiac arrest, and damage to the central nervous system, kidney, liver, and bone marrow.
• Inhalant abuse can lead to sudden death.

Stimulants

• Stimulants increase energy, concentration, and alertness by exciting the central nervous system.
• They alleviate fatigue and reduce hunger

Disaster Management

• The Philippines is vulnerable to natural disasters due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
• This makes disaster management crucial for preparing people and reducing damage to life and property.

The DRRM Act

• Republic Act No. 10121, also known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010", shifts the focus from disaster relief to disaster risk reduction.

Natural Hazards in the Philippines

• Tropical cyclones are classified into tropical depression (maximum winds from 35 kph to 63 kph), tropical storm (maximum winds from 64 kph to 118 kph), and typhoon (maximum winds exceeding 118 kph).
• Flooding is caused by overflowing bodies of water (e.g., river, stream, lakes, oceans, reservoirs, or other water course) due to tropical cyclones, monsoons, low pressure areas, storm surges, and tsunamis.
• Urbanization and deforestation contribute to flooding.
• Earthquakes are caused by sudden displacement of rocks beneath the earth’s surface.
  • Tectonic earthquakes occur due to the movement of tectonic plates.
  • Volcanic earthquakes are induced by volcanic activity.
• Tsunamis are giant sea waves generated by under-the-sea earthquakes.
  • Signs of an incoming tsunami include strongly-felt earthquakes, sudden drop or rise of seawater, and a roaring sound of incoming waves.

Preparedness, Mitigation, Response, and Rehabilitation

• Before a tropical cyclone, monitor weather updates, know the evacuation plan, check house stability, prepare a survival kit, stock up on essentials, and charge devices.
• During a tropical cyclone, stay calm, stay indoors, turn off utilities, use flashlights, and stay away from windows.
• After a tropical cyclone, remain alert, wait for authorities to declare it safe to return home.

Waste Management

• Waste segregation involves separating different materials in solid waste to promote recycling and reduce waste volume.
• It involves sorting garbage into separate containers for recyclable, compostable, and residual waste.
• Composting is a natural process where microorganisms break down garden wastes (e.g., leaves, grass clippings) and kitchen scraps (e.g., leftover food, egg shells, fruit and vegetable peelings).
• Composting reduces methane gas emissions, improves soil nutrient content, and lessens environmental risks from synthetic fertilizers.

Composting Steps

• Connect compost to the soil to introduce soil microorganisms.
• Add layers of “greens” (e.g., fruit and vegetable scraps, green leaves, dead flowers, weeds, horse manure) and “browns” (e.g., shredded newspaper, ash, wood chips, sawdust).
• Maintain proper moisture levels; too dry hinders decomposition, while too wet causes unpleasant smells.
• Mix the pile regularly to speed up decomposition and prevent odor.
• Wait for the decomposition process to finish; ready-to-use compost is dark, lightweight, and has no food pieces.

This quiz provides an overview of inhalants and stimulants, focusing on their definitions, examples, effects, and potential dangers. It explores how these substances affect the body and mind both immediately and in the long term. Perfect for understanding the risks associated with these common substances.