Inhalants and Stimulants Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT categorized as a volatile solvent commonly found in household products?

Spray paint

Nail polish remover

Toothpaste (correct)

Correction fluid

What is a delayed effect of inhalant use?

Confusion

Hallucinations

Muscle cramps and weakness (correct)

Nausea and vomiting

Which substance is typically considered an aerosol spray?

Adhesive cement

Marker

Helium

Deodorant (correct)

What is one of the primary functions of stimulants?

To increase energy and alertness Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an immediate effect of inhalants?

Intoxication Signup and view all the answers

What does the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010 primarily aim to achieve?

To transform disaster management from relief to risk reduction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following natural calamities is the Philippines particularly prone to?

Earthquakes Signup and view all the answers

Which organization declared the Philippines as the fourth most disaster-prone country in the world?

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the learning outcomes of the disaster management module?

Developing plans for community disaster management programs Signup and view all the answers

How does the content describe the importance of disaster management?

To prepare people for calamities and reduce damage Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect does the module NOT specifically cover?

Post-disaster recovery funding Signup and view all the answers

What specific geographical feature increases the Philippines' vulnerability to disasters?

Location along the Pacific Ring of Fire Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary focus of disaster management as indicated in the content?

Insurance policy enrollment Signup and view all the answers

What wind speed range characterizes a tropical storm?

Maximum winds from 64 kph to 118 kph Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of flooding?

Stockpiling food Signup and view all the answers

Which type of earthquake occurs due to the movement of tectonic plates?

Tectonic earthquake Signup and view all the answers

What is one sign of an incoming tsunami?

Roaring sound of incoming waves Signup and view all the answers

What should you do with your livestock during a tropical cyclone?

Put them in a safe area or designated evacuation site Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended to do immediately after being notified of a tropical cyclone?

Immediately go to the designated evacuation center Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is advised during a tropical cyclone?

Turn off the main electrical switch and water valve Signup and view all the answers

When is it important to remain alert and cautious after a natural disaster?

If you are in an evacuation area and authorities have not declared it safe Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of composting?

To break down organic waste into nutrient-rich soil Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes recycling?

Transforming waste into new products Signup and view all the answers

What is one way composting helps mitigate climate change?

By reducing the amount of methane gas emitted Signup and view all the answers

What is required for effective backyard composting?

Adding a layer of soil to introduce microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes recycling from reuse?

Recycling results in a complete loss of the original product's identity Signup and view all the answers

Why is using environmentally-friendly bags considered reuse?

They are intended for multiple uses rather than single-use Signup and view all the answers

Which ingredient is NOT suitable for composting?

Non-biodegradable plastics Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in backyard composting according to the guidelines?

Connect the compost to the soil Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of alternating layers of greens and browns in composting?

To facilitate the decomposition process Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal top layer in a compost pile?

Only browns Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should the compost pile be mixed to ensure proper decomposition?

Once a week or at least twice a month Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if the compost pile becomes too wet?

It starts to emit a sulphurous smell Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that the compost is ready to be used?

It is dark, lightweight, and free of food pieces Signup and view all the answers

What does waste segregation help to achieve?

Reduce the amount of waste for disposal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a 'brown' material in composting?

Sawdust Signup and view all the answers

How does proper moisture control affect the composting process?

Balanced moisture prevents odors and promotes breakdown Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Inhalants

Inhalants are common household products used for recreational drug use.
Examples include volatile solvents (e.g., correction fluid, paint thinner, glue), aerosol sprays (e.g., spray paint, deodorant, fly spray), gases (e.g., helium and butane in cigarette lighters), and nitrites (e.g., room deodorizers and leather cleaners).
Other examples include markers, adhesive cement, rugby, and nail polish remover.
Inhalants can lead to immediate and delayed effects.
Immediate effects include confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, aggression, nausea, drowsiness, and intoxication.
Delayed effects include memory loss, inability to think, muscle cramps, numbness, abdominal pains, suffocation, cardiac arrest, and damage to the central nervous system, kidney, liver, and bone marrow.
Inhalant abuse can lead to sudden death.

Stimulants

Stimulants increase energy, concentration, and alertness by exciting the central nervous system.
They alleviate fatigue and reduce hunger

Disaster Management

The Philippines is vulnerable to natural disasters due to its location along the Pacific Ring of Fire.
This makes disaster management crucial for preparing people and reducing damage to life and property.

The DRRM Act

Republic Act No. 10121, also known as the "Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010", shifts the focus from disaster relief to disaster risk reduction.

Natural Hazards in the Philippines

Tropical cyclones are classified into tropical depression (maximum winds from 35 kph to 63 kph), tropical storm (maximum winds from 64 kph to 118 kph), and typhoon (maximum winds exceeding 118 kph).
Flooding is caused by overflowing bodies of water (e.g., river, stream, lakes, oceans, reservoirs, or other water course) due to tropical cyclones, monsoons, low pressure areas, storm surges, and tsunamis.
Urbanization and deforestation contribute to flooding.
Earthquakes are caused by sudden displacement of rocks beneath the earth’s surface.
- Tectonic earthquakes occur due to the movement of tectonic plates.
- Volcanic earthquakes are induced by volcanic activity.
Tsunamis are giant sea waves generated by under-the-sea earthquakes.
- Signs of an incoming tsunami include strongly-felt earthquakes, sudden drop or rise of seawater, and a roaring sound of incoming waves.

Preparedness, Mitigation, Response, and Rehabilitation

Before a tropical cyclone, monitor weather updates, know the evacuation plan, check house stability, prepare a survival kit, stock up on essentials, and charge devices.
During a tropical cyclone, stay calm, stay indoors, turn off utilities, use flashlights, and stay away from windows.
After a tropical cyclone, remain alert, wait for authorities to declare it safe to return home.

Waste Management

Waste segregation involves separating different materials in solid waste to promote recycling and reduce waste volume.
It involves sorting garbage into separate containers for recyclable, compostable, and residual waste.
Composting is a natural process where microorganisms break down garden wastes (e.g., leaves, grass clippings) and kitchen scraps (e.g., leftover food, egg shells, fruit and vegetable peelings).
Composting reduces methane gas emissions, improves soil nutrient content, and lessens environmental risks from synthetic fertilizers.

Composting Steps

Connect compost to the soil to introduce soil microorganisms.
Add layers of “greens” (e.g., fruit and vegetable scraps, green leaves, dead flowers, weeds, horse manure) and “browns” (e.g., shredded newspaper, ash, wood chips, sawdust).
Maintain proper moisture levels; too dry hinders decomposition, while too wet causes unpleasant smells.
Mix the pile regularly to speed up decomposition and prevent odor.
Wait for the decomposition process to finish; ready-to-use compost is dark, lightweight, and has no food pieces.

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Description

This quiz provides an overview of inhalants and stimulants, focusing on their definitions, examples, effects, and potential dangers. It explores how these substances affect the body and mind both immediately and in the long term. Perfect for understanding the risks associated with these common substances.